Natural Resources

Natural Resources
Renewable Resources
Non-renewable Resources
Difference between Renewable & Non-renewable Resources
Natural Resources & associated problems
Role of individual in conservation of natural resource

1. Topic:- Natural Resources Subject Name :- Hazards & Safety Management Subject Code:- MQA201T Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Smt. B. N. B. Swaminarayan Pharmacy College, Salvav – vapi Presented by:- Machhi Dhruvi A. 2 nd sem M.Pharm .

2. CONTENTS 13-05-2022 2 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Natural Resources Renewable Resources Non-renewable Resources Difference between Renewable & Non-renewable Resources Natural Resources & associated problems Role of individual in conservation of natural resource References

3. Natural Resources 13-05-2022 3 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

4. Natural Resources 13-05-2022 4 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi A natural resource may be defined as any material given to us by nature which can be transformed in a way that it becomes more valuable & useful. For an ex. wood is used for making furniture. Yarn obtained from cotton is used for weaving cloth. Likewise, various machine, tools & household goods are made of metals. Now furniture, clothes, machine, tools are more valuable than their raw form i.e. wood, cotton & metal, respectively. It is impossible to obtain valuable items from any resources. Thus, water, minerals, forests, wildlife as well as human beings are resources. Appropriate technology is available to transform that into more valuable goods.

5. 13-05-2022 5 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Renewable & Non-renewable Resources On the basis of continuity , the resources are classified as under: (1) Renewable Resources (2) Non-renewable Resources.

6. 13-05-2022 6 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Resources, which can be renewed along with their exploitation, are always available for use. Hence they are called renewable resources. For instance, forests are renewable. If trees are felled for wood, original forest covers may be maintained through plating new trees i.e. a forestation. Likewise, solar energy & wind energy are examples of renewable resources . Renewable Resources

7. 13-05-2022 7 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi In other words, Renewable resources are those resources which can be restored by quick natural cycles. These can be replaced at almost the same rate of their consumption. Even these resources can get exhausted if wasted or if they are used ineffectively. Renewable resources are able to multiply themselves either on their own or with the help of external efforts made by humans. For ex Plants & animals species have ability to reproduce. Natural rubber, silk, jute, wool, cotton, leather, wood, etc. are renewable resources which do not have life cycle but can be reused or reprocessed.

8. 13-05-2022 8 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Non-renewable Resources Non-renewable resources are those resources which cannot be restored by using natural process. These resources are exhausted more rapidly than they are restored or renewed. These are available in finite quantities which is impossible to increase. Once they are used in unlimited way, they cannot be easily replaced. Thus, t heir exploitation at large scale will result in their fast depletion. Such resources are called non-renewable resources or exhaustible.

9. 13-05-2022 9 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi For ex., Mineral salts such as nitrate, phosphate, carbonates etc. Fossil fuels such as coal, petrol, etc. Metals such as gold, silver, iron, zinc, etc. It took millions of years for fossil fuels to be formed. Thus, once these resources get exhausted, people either have to manage without them or have to discover a suitable alternative for them.

10. Difference between Renewable & Non-renewable Resources 13-05-2022 10 Sr. No. Renewable Resources Non-renewable Resources 1 It can be used again & again throughout its life. It cannot be used again & again . 2 They cannot be exhausted. They can be exhausted one day. 3 They have low carbon emission & hence they are environment friendly. They have high carbon emission & hence they are not environment friendly. 4 Present in unlimited quantity. Present in limited quantity. Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

11. Difference between Renewable & Non-renewable Resources 13-05-2022 11 5 Cost is low. Cost is high. 6 Renewable resources are pollution free. Renewable resources are not pollution free. 7 Life of resources is infinite. Life of resources is finite & vanishes one day. 8 High maintenance cost. Low maintenance cost as compared to renewable resources. 9 Promotes the balance in nature. Disrupts the balance in nature. 10 Ex., Solar, Wind & Tidal energy Ex., Coal, Petroleum, Natural gases. Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

12. 13-05-2022 12 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Natural resources & associated problems (5) Land use & development (2) Overpopulation that brings over exploitation (3) Climate change (1) Exploitation of Resources (4) Environmental pollution Natural resources & associated problems

13. (1) Exploitation of Resources: Natural resources are prone to exploitation, which is their biggest problem. As a result of the use of these resources, economic expansion often degrades the environment. When methods of extracting raw materials were developed in the 19th century, this problem gained momentum. The development of mining, steam power, & various machines during this time helped mankind gain access to these materials more easily. Getting energy in this manner is causing environmental damage. 13-05-2022 13 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Natural resources & associated problems

14. 13-05-2022 14 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Our continued exploitation of natural resources also leads to the destruction of the environment via intensive agriculture. Intensive agriculture is a major hindrance to our natural environment. For ex., forests are deforested waterways are polluted

15. (2) Overpopulation that brings over exploitation: Almost all natural resources are under pressure due to the growing human population. Overexploitation of these resources often results. Due to overexploitation to support the ever-growing population, resources such as arable l&, fresh water, fossil fuels, coral reefs, & wilderness forests are at record low levels. There is an incredible decline in quality of life as a result of this competition for the vital resources that sustain life. 13-05-2022 15 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

16. Farmers have converted forests & grasslands into cropland because of intensive agricultural methods. Due to modern-day pressures, natural resources are depreciating, especially forests, wild life, & fertile l&, as l& is converted into fields for farming & crop-production. As a result of agricultural waste, fertilizers, & pesticides polluting marine & freshwater environments, a number of natural crop species & aquatic life are also endangered. 13-05-2022 16 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

17. (3) Climate change: Human activities & overpopulation are generating greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, causing severe changes to climate patterns that threaten biodiversity as well as many other natural resources. As global warming & climate change alter the favorable conditions for survival, species that have adapted to particular environments are highly affected. A profound consequence of global warming & climate change is the destruction of habitats to a degree that threatens biodiversity & the survival of species. For ex., Wildlife such as mountain gorillas & rock rabbits may soon become extinct due to global warming because they require cool temperatures high in the mountains. 13-05-2022 17 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

18. (4) Environmental pollution: In addition to being destroyed, a large portion of natural resources is under immense threat from pollution produced by industries & manufactured utilities as well as agricultural products. There are long-term cumulative impacts of soil, air, & water pollution on natural resources & the quality of the environment where they occur. Natural processes such as water chemistry, soil composition, ocean water, underground water & rock composition are affected by pollution. Acidic lakes, for instance, are unsupportive of aquatic life. 13-05-2022 18 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

19. (5) Land use & development: Lands that are converted into urban settings, housing development projects, commercial centers, industrial sites, parking lots, highway systems, & so on, deprive wildlife & other living organisms of natural habitats. In addition to destroying millions of acres of habitat, this method has also caused much deforestation. 13-05-2022 19 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

20. Conservation broadly means sound l& or water use planning. It is concerned with the maintenance of natural systems & with their moderate, systematic, planned & regulated utilization & exploitation for the long-term benefit of mankind. Individual can play vital role in the conversation of natural resources in many ways: 1. Conserve water: In order to conserve water, following measures can be taken by people : Close the tap when not in use, especially during brushing, washing, bathing, etc. Waste water from washing can be used in washing of courtyard, cars, etc. 13-05-2022 20 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Role of individual in conservation of natural resources

21. Fill water in the washing machine only up to the level required for clothes. Toilets that save water should be used. Pipes & taps should be regularly checked for any leakage & should repaired immediately. A proper rainwater harvesting system should be constructed. Waste water from cloth-washers, sinks & bathrooms should be used for watering the plants. 13-05-2022 21 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

22. 2. Conserve energy: Conservation of energy requires following measures to be undertaken. Fans, lights & other electronic devices should be turned off whenever not being used. Maximum amount of heat should be used from solar energy rather than using heaters & dryers. Solar cookers should be used instead of induction cooktop .It will be more nutritious as well as inexpensive. Deciduous trees & climbers should be grown in surrounding to the house to protect the house from intense heating due to solar radiation. Public transportation should be used in place of private vehicle. 13-05-2022 22 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

23. Houses should be adequately insulated. In winters, windows should be closed during night time, while in summers windows should be closed during daytime. This will help in saving electricity. It is more suitable to wear woolen clothes in winters than using heat convector. Glass, metals & paper should be recycled & re-used. For short distances, bicycles should be used. A walk is more appropriate in place of vehicles for short distances. Cooling load of air conditioner should be reduced by increasing its temperature. With every one degree rise in temperature, about 3-5% of electricity is saved. 13-05-2022 23 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

24. 3. Protect the Soil: Protection of soil requires following measures: During construction of houses, care should be taken that no tree is cut. Every plant disturbed must be compensated by fast growing native varieties. Different varieties of ornamental plants, herbs & trees should be grown. In relatively open areas, grass should be grown that will help in binding the soil & prevent soil erosion. Compost should be made from wastage of kitchen products that serve as excellent manure for kitchen-garden. Plants should not be irrigated with strong flow of water as that will erode the top layer of the soil. It is more beneficial to use sprinkling irrigation. 13-05-2022 24 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

25. 13-05-2022 25 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi Agricultural fields should not be excessively irrigated where there is no proper drainage facilities as this may lead to water logging. Mixed cropping should be used for growing food products as this ensures that soil nutrients are not worn-out.

26. 13-05-2022 26 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi 4. Promote Sustainable Agriculture: It can be promoted in the following manner: Food should not be wasted. One should take only that much food which he/she can eat. Use of pesticides should be reduced. Organic fertilizers should be used in place of chemical fertilizers. Drip irrigation should be used for watering the crops. Pests should be controlled through biological techniques.

27. REFERENCES Dr. Y. K. Singh, in "Environmental Science" ; New age international publishers, New Delhi, 2006, pp: 10- 2. Erach Bharucha in "Textbook of environmental studies for undergraduate courses"; University Grant Commission, New Delhi, 2004, pp: 20- 3. Ankur Choudhary, “Natural Resources & Associated Problems” https://www.pharmaguideline.com/2022/01/natural-resources-&-associated-problems.html 4. Dr. M. S. Kumar, Dr. Virendra Kumar, in Environmental Science, Thakur Publication, Lucknow, pp: 67-68 13-05-2022 27 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi

28. Thank you 13-05-2022 28 Dhruvi Anilkumar Machhi