Navasaara

rasashastra

1. Navasadara

2. Cleavage: {???} Poor, {???} Poor, {???} Poor   Color: Colorless, White, Grayish, Yellow, Brown.   Density: 1.5   Diaphaneity: Transparent   Fracture: Brittle - Conchoidal - Very brittle fracture producing small, conchoidal fragments.   Habit: Encrustations - Forms crust-like aggregates on matrix.   Hardness: 1.5-2 - Talc-Gypsum   Luster: Vitreous (Glassy)   Streak : Crystal: White Isometric hexo octahedral

3. Introduction Third mineral drug of Sadharana rasa. Chemically : Ammonium Chloride Formula: NH 4 Cl Inorganooc white crystalline salt highly soluble in water. Solution mildely acidic. Naturally ocuring form known as Sal ammoniac The mineral I commonly formed on burning coal dumps, due to condensation of coal drived gases, volcanic vents,etc Artificially prepared by the reaction of Hydrochloric acid and ammonia.

4. Contemporary medical uses Expectorant in cough medicine.(due to its irritative action in bronchial mucosa producing excess respiratory tract fluid which is presumably easy to cough up. Ammonium salts irritate gastric mucosa and induce nausea and vomiting. As systemic acidifying agent in metabolic alkalosis. In Oral acid loading test to diagnose distal renal tubular acidosis. To maintain acid pH of Urine.

5. Synonyms Navasaara Navyasaara Navasaadara Nrusara नवसारो नव्यसारस्तथैव नवसादर:। नृसादरो नृसारश्च नरसारश्च कीर्तित:॥ किट्टक्षारो निगदितस्तथैव नरसादर:। चूलिकालवणं ख्यातं चुल्लिकालवणञ्च तत्॥ र.त.१४/१-२ Obtained from human excreta too thus called narasaara . Narasaara Kittakshara Narasaadara Chullika lavana .

6. History No reference in Brihatrayi Found in Rasashastra books after 8 th cantury . This was prepared by burning camel excreta in Egypt.

7. Occurrence and description It is found in larger quantities in Italy, Sicily and in many parts of Middle Asia. Found in places where mud bricks are burnt. करीरपीलुकाष्ठेषु पच्यमानेषुचोद्भव:। क्षारोऽसौ नवसार: स्याच्चुल्लिकालवणाभिध:॥ इष्टिकादहने जातं पाण्डुरं लवणं लघु। तदुक्तं नवसाराख्यं चुल्लिकालवणं च तत्॥(र र स ३/१२७-१२८) Navasaadara is the yellowish white kshara obtained after burning plants named karira and pilu . Obtained from house hold ovens where wood is burt to cook. The salty mud inside oven is dissolved in water , filtered and the liquid part is evap [orated to obtain Navasadara .

8. Sodhanam नवसारं तु सलिले त्रिगुणो द्राव्येद्भिषक्। वस्त्रपूतं तत: कृत्वा भाजने स्थापयेत्तत:॥ चुल्लिकायां विधायाथ पच्चेत्तीव्राग्निना भृशम्। जले शुष्के तलस्थञ्च नृसारं विमलं हरेत्॥(र त १४/३-४) One part of Ashudha Navasadara is taken in a clean stainless steel vessel. Add 3 parts of clean water and stir well. Filter liquid through a clean clotha . Filtrate boiled to evaporate all liquid portion. White powder left at the base of the container is collected , dried and stored in am air tight container as suddha navasara .

9. Properties of Navasara नवसारस्त्रिदोषघ्न : स्निघ : सूक्ष्मो लघुस्तथा। पाचक: सारकस्तीक्ष्णो जठराग्निप्रदीपन:। उष्ण: प्लीहप्रशमनो मांसाजीर्णनिवारण:। गुल्माध्मानप्रहरण: कफविश्लेषण: परम्॥ वृश्चिकोत्थविषघ्नश्च लोहद्रावणकस्तथा। हृदामयहरो नेत्र्य: श्वित्रकुष्ठहरस्तथा॥( र.त १४/५-७)

10. Dosage द्विगुञ्जतश्चाष्टगुञ्जमितं तु नवसादरं। प्राणाचार्य: प्रयुञ्जीत बलकालाद्यपेक्षया॥( र.त.१४/८ ) Suddha Mavasara can be administered from 2- 8 gunja (250mg to 1g)

11. Saatvapatana विमलं कठिनीचूर्णो तोलकत्रितयोन्मितम्। विशुद्धं नवसारश्च चतुस्तोलकसंमितम्॥ खल्वे सम्पेष्य यत्ने तु पचेड्डमरुकाभिधे। नृसाररत्वं विशदमूर्ध्वलग्नं समाहरेत्॥( र.त १४/२०-२१ ) 36 m(3 tola ) of suddha Khatika and 4 tola ( 48g) of Suddha Navasara are triturated together in a clean khalva . Enclose in Damaru yantra and Subjected to moderate heat for a day. On cooling the purest form of Ammonium Chloride is found adhered at the base of the upper pot It is carefully collected and stored in an airtight container.

12. Properties of Navasara satva नृस्सारसत्वं रुचिदं त्वम्लपित्तहरं परम्। कफविश्लेशणकरं हृद्दौर्बल्यविनाशनम्। वामकं सारकञ्चापि तथा फुफ्फुसशोथहृत्। पाचनं दीपनश्चैव घ्रातं मूर्च्छहरं मतम्॥ (र.त १४/२२-२३ ) Improves appetite. Cure Amlapitta . Liquifies and removes adhered kapha . Strengthen cardiac muscles. Useful in inflamatory conditions of lungs. On Smelling brings back conciousness of person suffering with murcha .

13. Dose of Navasara Satva गुञ्जैकत : समारभ्य गुञ्जापञ्चकसंमितं। नवसादरस्य सत्वस्य मात्रा शस्ता भिषग्वरै:॥ सपादमाषकमिता मात्रा वमनकारिणी। नवसारस्य सत्वस्य भिषग्भि: परिकीर्तिता॥ र.त.१४/२४-२५ 1 ratti (125mg) to 5 ratti (625 gm) nis the general dosage. 1.25 masha ( Sapada mashaka ) causes vomitting .

14. Uses of Navasara satva नव्यसारभवं सात्वं सलिले तु परिस्रुते। द्रावयित्वाऽथ निर्दिष्ट रोगेषु तु नियोजयेत्।(र.त.१४/२६) It is diluted with required quantity of water and carefully used as per the condition.

15. Compound formulation of Navasara Sweta parpati Kshara partpati Sankha dravakam Vrischikadamshahara lepam Rajavallabha rasa Rohitakadhya ghrita

16. Agnijaram

17. Introduction 5 th mineral drug of Sadharana rasa. Identified as Ambergris / Grey Amber. Solid, waxy, Flamable substance of dull grey or blackish colour produced in the digestive system of Sperm Whales. Freshly produced ambergris has a marine fecal odour but as it aged it acquires sweet earthy scent simillar tho that of rubbing alcohol without the vaporous chemical astringency. Used as fixative in Perfumery.

18. Source Occures as the biliary secretion of Physeter macrocephalus and can be found floating on the sea or in sand near the coast. It is also sometimes found in the abdomen of whale. Found in lumps of various shapes and sizes 15 -50 kg. Initially the fatty precursor of Ambergris is white in colour as years pass it undergo photo degradation and oxidation in ocean that gradually hardens developing a dark grey or black colour a crusty and waxy texture and peculiar odour . Specific gravity – 0.780 to 0.926 Melt at 62 degree celsius Vapourizes to white vapours at 100 degree celsius Soluble in ether

19. Classical reference Rasopanishat mentions Agnijara as having Parapara shakti and of 4 colours of which blood red coloured is the best. No reference in Brihat trayi . Can be traced from Rasarnava – used for Abhraka dravana Considered as the jarayu of sea creature called Agninakra (R.R.S).

20. Occurrence Found in Atlantic Ocean in the coasts of Brazil , Madagascar. The East Indies, The Malsives , China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, The Moluccas Islands. Most commercially collected ambergris comes from The Bahamas in the Carribbean Particularly new providence. Also found in coast of Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep.

21. Synonyms Agnija Agnigarbha Agniniryasa Agnijwala Vadavagnimala Vahnijara Samudrajarayu Sindhuphala Arnavodhbava

22. S odhanam Since the drug is cleansed by the alkaline sea water no need for further purification

23. Properties Pacify tridosha Indicated in Dhanurvata Makes mercury Sparshavedhi According to Anandakanda 1/233 It has katurasa and ushna virya Amapachaka Kapha vata hari Indicated in rakthaja roga , Sannipata shula and other type of vatavyadhi .

24. Dose and Anupana ¼ to ½ ratti (31 to 61 mg) Along with ghee, honey , butter or any other drug mitigating pita dosha . Formulation Chintamani ras Brihath vata chintamani rasa Dhatri Rasayanam Vadavanala rasa Jaharamohara Vati