NCCT OR CECT HEAD.(RUKMANEE YADAV)

NCCT / CECT

1. NCCT OR CECT HEAD Introduction Indication Contraindication Contrast media Equipment Patient Preparation Technique After care

2. INTRODUCTION A Computed Tomography of the head is the most common and non-invasive diagnostic imaging procedure. CT scan provide more details information of head injuries , stroke brain tumors and other brain disease. It has wide ability to answer complex clinical condition. Because it is quick and relatively available.

3. INDICATIONS Trauma Tumors. Congenital abnormalties . Intra cranial Infections. Headache of unknown cause. stroke( damage of brain from stop of blood supply) Mass

4. Cont ….. Seizures (strong attack of an illness) Apnea (breathing stop) Syncope (loss of consciousness) Ataxia (lack of body balance) Encephalitis (inflammation in brain) Hydrocephalus Suspected acute intracranial hemorrhage . Mental status change. Neurologic deficits (balloon like structure of artery)

5. CONTRAINDICATIONS Pregnancy Kidney failure Reaction to contrast media Patient decline consent

6. CONTRAST MEDIA Contrast media: nonionic, iodinated contrast media used. Volume: 40-60ml. Rate:1ml to 3ml/sec. Contrast media administration:IV

7. PATIENT PREPARATION Fasting 4-6 hours. Identify the patient and explain the procedure to the patient. An IV line is secured. Remove metal or radio-opaque object such as ear rings, metallic headbands etc. Patient should change into clean hospital gown. unstable patient may be sedated prior to examination. Take consent sign .

8. EQUIPMENTS

9. POSITION Patient lies supine, head first into the gantry the head placed in the head holder with arm bilaterally downwards Table height is raised until the (EAM) is at the Centre of gantry.(external auditory meatus). Three alignment lights are used for positioning the patients (axial, sagittal, coronal). After the position finish the laser light should be off. POSITION LANDMARK- 2-3 cm above the vertex

10. patient positioning

11. PROTOCOL Scanogram ( scout) / topogram : Scano from the base of the skull to vertex. The slice thickness is 2 mm in adults and 5mm or less in Children.

12. PROTOCOL Scan extent : from the vertex to the base of skull . Scan direction : cranio -caudal(head to feet) Scan type : Axial Pre contrast series : Axial images are acquired covering from the vertex to the base. contrast series : Axial images are acquired covering from the vertex to the base.

13. Intracerebral hemorrhage axial CT brain

14. AFTER CARE Patient is brought out of the gantry Bring the patient down from the scanner table. Ask the patient to dress up. patient should be observed for possible CM reaction post procedure. If non is observed , IV cannula should be removed from the patient’s hand gently. Ensure that the patient is stable before leaving the department. Inform patient time and where to collect the result.