NCERT History Class-6 Unit-02 From Hunting-Gathering to growing food.

Unit-02 From Hunting-Gathering to growing food.

1. HISTORY Chapter-02 From Hunting-Gathering to growing food .

2. INTRODUCTION:

3. The Earliest people: why were they on the move? Hunter- Gatherers moved from place to place. There are many reasons for this. First - They would have eaten up all the available plant and animal resources. Second - Animals move from place to place so these people had to follow their movements for hunting purposes.

4. The Earliest people: why were they on the move? Third - People may have moved from season to season in search of different kinds of plants. Fourth - People living on their banks would have had to go in search of water during the dry seasons from their places.

5. Tools used by Hunters and Gatherers : Stone Wood Bones

6. Uses of Stones: Cut the meat and bone Chop fruits and roots Scrape barks etc..

7. Choosing a Place to live in They lived near to the sources of water , such as rivers and lakes . People tried to find places where good quality stone was easily available as it was important for hunting.

8. Important Archaeological Sites:

9. ROCK PAINTING

10. Palaeolithic

11. Finding out about fire: Traces of ash show that the people at that time have invented the fire. It could have been used for many things: as a source of light to roast meat to scare away animals

12. A Changing Environment: Around 12,000 years ago , there were major changes in the climate of the world, which led to the development of grasslands in many areas. This also led to an increase in the number of animals that survived on the grass. So, people start thinking about herding and rearing these animals. Fishing also became important for people.

13. Beginning of Farming and Herding: Early people found places, edible plants grew and they began looking after plants . They tamed animals by giving them Food and Reared them. Slowly they began leading a settled life .

14. Domestication: Domestication is the process in which people grow crops and look after animals . It began 12000 years ago. The earliest domesticated animals includes Dog, Sheep and goat . The earliest plants to be domesticated were Wheat, Barley and Rice .

15. BARLEY:

16. A New way of life: People had to stay in the same place for a long time looking after the plants. watering, weeding, driving away animals and birds till the grain ripened

17. Storing of food grains: Purpose of storage – Food and Seed Stored in clay pots , Baskets and Pit in Ground Reared animals used as store of food ( Milk and Meat ).

18. FIND OUT ABOUT THE FIRST FARMER AND HERDERS:

19. TOWARD A SETTLED LIFE: Burzahom (Kashmir): Pit houses – dug into ground, with steps leading into them- Protect from cold. Neolithic Tools : Fine cutting edges , Grind grains. Earthen pots : Cooking, Storage Cloth Weaving : Cotton

20. TOWARD A SETTLED LIFE:

21. NEOLITHIC STONES:

22. LIVING AND DYING IN MEHRGARH:

23. MEHRAGARH: Near Bolan pass in Iran Learnt to grew Barley and Wheat Rear Sheep and Goat for 1 st time in this area. Bones of Deer, Pig, Sheep, Goat and Cattle. Square and Rectangular houses – 4 or more compartments and Storage. Believed in life after death- Burial sites- Buried with animals.

24. BURIAL FROM MEHRGARH: