Nematocera

families of nematocera

1. AEN 201-FUNDAMENTALS OF ENTAMOLOGY NEMATOCERA

2. SUBORDER : NEMATOCERA FAMILIES TIPULIDAE - Crane flies PSYCHODIDAE - Moths , sand flies CULICIDAE - Mosquitoes BIBIONIDAE - March flies , love bugs CECIDOMYIDAE - Gall midges , gall gnats

3. NEMATOCERA (Thread like horn) Antennae-long and many segmented Larva – Eucephalous , mandible act horizontally Adult emerges through straight split in thoracic region

4. TIPULIDAE Commen names : crane flies Antennae >6 segmented Ocelli wanting Legs long and deciduous Halteres present instead of hind wing Eg : Holorusia cressida Crane fly

5. PSYCHODIADAE Commen Names: moth and sand flies Minute or small flies with hirsute bodies,broad wings that are held either roof like(moth flies) or sand flies above the body when at rest Adult flies are blood feeders eg : sand flies ( Phlebotomus sp.) Vector- Leishmaniasis disease -humans in africa

6. Sand fly moth

7. CULICIDAE Commen names : mosquitoes ADULT : Antenna : Male - plumose Female - pilose mouth : piercing & sucking legs : slender & long wings : fringed hairs & scales on hind margin mosquito

8. LARVAE :(Wriggler) Chewing mouth parts, thorax without legs Respiratory siphon in penultimate abdominal segment Anal gills PUPA :(tumbler) Active ,has prothoracic horns Anal paddles at terminal end-swimming

9. Economic importance Male-short lived,nectar&decaying fruit feeder Female-long lived ,blood feeders Malarial mosquito- Anopheles sp.,malaria Fibrial mosquito- Culex sp., malaria,encephalities,yellow fever Aedes sp., transmit dengu fever

10. BIBIONIDAE Commen Names : march flies,love bugs It is medium sized flies with body length from 4 – 10 mm Antenna : 8-16 segments Eye : holoptic Female - reddish brown Male - entirely black Love bug

11. CECIDOMYIIDAE Commen names : Gall midges , gall knats ADULT : minute , soft, slender Antenna - moniliform Mouth - vestigial In larva sclerotized area is present mid ventrally on prothorax called chest bone Gall midges

12. MAGGOT : white, yellow, orange or red, fusiform feeding on vegetable matter producing galls PUPA : pupates inside puparium eg : Rice gall midge, O rseolia oryzae , Larval feeding produces galls