Nepal Earthquake disaster.pptx

Nepal earthquake of 2015, severe earthquake that struck near the city of Kathmandu in central Nepal on April 25, 2015. About 9,000 people were killed, many thousands more were injured, and more than 600,000 structures in Kathmandu and other nearby towns were either damaged or destroyed. It occurred at 11:56 Nepal Standard Time on Saturday, 25 April 2015, with a magnitude of 7.8Mw or 8.1Mₛ and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of X. The epicenter was about 76km northwest of the capital Kathmandu.
The earthquake ruptured a segment of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) fault, a low-angle continental subduction interface between the Indian Plate to the south and Eurasian Plate to the north.
The youth of Nepal mobilized to collect relief items and traveled long distances across difficult terrain to help their fellow citizens recover. Local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) used their extensive networks to provide critical information to the military and humanitarian efforts. Relief aid was mainly distributed through traditional humanitarian players, such as the UN, the Red Cross, and major INGOs such as Save the Children, Oxfam, and World Vision.
India was the largest aid donor to Nepal after the earthquake by donating one billion dollars and other non-monetary reliefs. Many countries and organizations donated aid, including China, the United Kingdom, and the United States, all of which provided or funded helicopters as requested by the Nepalese government.

1. NEPAL EARTHQUAKE 2015 Mayurdeep Bora Mph-2022 Cmc vellore

2. Nepal Earthquake 2015 The 2015 Nepal earthquake was a rapid onset natural disaster caused by a rupture along the Main Himalayan Thrust. It had a magnitude of 7.8Mw or 8.1Ms and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of X (Extreme). The earthquake was the strongest to hit Nepal in over 80 years.

3. Time and Place The earthquake occurred on April 25, 2015 at 11:56 Nepal Standard Time. Its epicenter was east of Gorkha District at Barpak , Gorkha, roughly 85 km (53 mi) northwest of central Kathmandu.

4. Geographical Area Map

5. Geography/Population affected The 2015 Nepal earthquake, also known as the Gorkha Earthquake, occurred on April 25, the epicenter of the magnitude 7.8 quake was near Lamjung , about 50 miles northwest of Kathmandu. The quake was felt throughout central and eastern Nepal as well as parts of India, Bangladesh, and southern Tibet. An estimated 8 million people, which is more than a quarter of Nepal's population were affected.

6. Mortality and Morbidity The earthquake caused widespread damage and loss of life. Mortality: The earthquake killed 8,964 people. The maternal mortality ratio was under 200 per 100,000 live births and the infant mortality rate was 46 per 1,000 live births. Injury: More than 21,952 people were injured. Displacement: 2,000,000 people were displaced from their homes. The aftershocks affected an estimated 8 million people, more than a quarter of Nepal's population The earthquake also triggered an avalanche on Mount Everest that killed at least 19 climbers and stranded hundreds more at Everest Base Camp and at camps higher up the mountain.

7. Non human damage The total value of the damages and losses of the disaster was estimated at US$7.1 billion. Inside Kathmandu, bricks and other debris from collapsed and partially collapsed buildings, which included parts of the famous Taleju Temple and the entire nine-story Dharahara Tower, filled the streets. The 2015 Nepal earthquake caused severe damage to transportation infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and hospitals. The earthquake also led to many landslides.

8. Causes of the disaster The earthquake was caused by thrust faulting in the Indus- Yarlung suture zone, a thin east-west region spanning roughly the length of the Himalayan ranges. The Indian Plate slipped about 2 meters (6.6 ft) beneath the Eurasian Plate. The earthquake was relatively shallow, just 15 kilometers deep.

9. Steps for disaster mitigation Initiatives created post-quake maps that were used by relief agencies, alerted rescuers in need of urgent assistance, and provided opportunities for citizens to share feedback on the recovery with government. The youth of Nepal mobilized to collect relief items and traveled long distances across difficult terrain to help their fellow citizens recover The Indian government launched Operation Maitri, which included sending National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) teams and special aircraft with rescue and relief materials.

10. Measures taken/not taken Pre-Emergency Phase Nepal is vulnerable to earthquakes because it lies on a fault line between tectonic plates. The Nepali government has taken several steps to prepare for earthquakes Disaster preparedness program - World Vision trained 65,000 people in Lalitpur and Rupandehi districts on how to reduce risks during a disaster. Kathmandu Valley Earthquake Risk Management Project - This project created an earthquake scenario program that simulated an emergency situation. Hyogo Framework - This blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts from 2005-2015 sought to make disaster risk reduction a national and local priority.

11. Impact and flight phase Casualties : Nearly 9,000 people died, and more than 22,000 were injured Homelessness : Over 600,000 homes were destroyed, and over 285,000 were partially damaged, forcing people to live out in the open or in makeshift shelters Damage to natural resources : Damage to natural resources affected the livelihood of thousands The 2015 Nepal earthquake caused severe damage to transportation infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and hospitals.

12. Acute Emergency Phase The Nepalese government declared a state of emergency Nearly the entire Nepalese army assisted in rescue and recovery work Nepal called on the international community for aid The Indian Air Force conducted extensive helicopter operations, rescuing at least 337 injured people and air-dropping 3.5 tons of relief materials in inaccessible places CARE Nepal dispatched a first round of support relief supplies including blankets, shelter kits, dignity kits, and kitchen utensils

13. Post-Emergency Phase Post-quake maps - Created by a number of initiatives, these maps were used by relief agencies and alerted rescuers in need of urgent assistance Villages were flattened and people were made homeless across 31 districts, with 14 districts suffering the highest impact. The youth of Nepal mobilized to collect relief items and traveled long distances across difficult terrain to help their fellow citizens recover. Local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) used their extensive networks to provide critical information to the govt and supplies to the affected.

14. Repatriation Phase The Government constructed temporary safe shelters in sixteen different parts of the valley. Family that has lost its member in the earthquake got NPR 40,000.00 per dead person as cremation cost By the end of 27 April, approximately 5,400 Indian citizens were evacuated from Nepal. The affected population in the crisis-hit districts got tents/tarpaulin and other basic items and making necessary arrangements for resettling them safely.

15. Rehabilitation or Reconstruction phase The affected who wish to repair their partially damaged houses got a sum of NPR 25,000 and full damage house got NPR 200,000 in the valley. The Government announced to rebuild all the damaged structures of the individuals, infrastructures and the heritages devastated by the earthquake in one year, two years and five years respectively. Alternative provisional arrangements were made for the smooth delivery of public services related to education, health, justice, security as well as administrative services until public schools, health institutions, courts and other infrastructures of public importance damaged in the earthquake are reconstructed.

16. Real life Incidents Incident 1 Twenty-six year-old Nir Bahadur Tamang can easily recall where he was and how he felt on April 25, 2015. “I was working in the field with my father when the earth began to shake,” the Nepali man recalled. “It was so strong. I thought that this world was going to be destroyed. My mother, brother, sister and wife were all home in the house. I was sure that they would all be dead.” After Nir rushed home, he was overjoyed to find that his family had survived. The small shop in town, where Nir’s mother provides meals and sells snacks to school children had also remained standing. Their house, however, had been completely destroyed and their water buffalo had died when its shed collapsed.

17. Incident 2 Len Forder said his 20-year-old daughter Ballantyne, who was volunteering at an orphanage in Nepal, managed to contact her family on Sunday. Incident 3 After spending 80 hours in the wreckage of a building on the outskirts of Kathmandu, Rishi Khanal was pulled out alive by a French search and rescue team. Khanal had been trying to get the attention of rescue workers for days. The team chiseled through the concrete that trapped Khanal within the building and pulled him up through a hole before carrying him away on a stretcher. Khanal suffered a broken leg.

18. International Support India, which donated $1 billion and other non-monetary relief for housing and school sector assistance China, which provided over $1 billion in international aid The UK, which provided over 100 search and rescue responders, medics, and disaster and rescue experts, along with three Chinook helicopters The United States, which provided or funded helicopters as requested by the Nepalese government FedEx committed to delivering critical medical aid to Nepal National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) deployed its 16 USAR teams comprising of more than 700 rescuers along with 18 dogs trained in USAR operation with latest gadgets at various earthquake hit areas of Nepal on the directions of the Government of India.

19. Community Preparedness World Vision also began a disaster preparedness program in Lalitpur and Rupandehi districts. In these districts, World Vision trained 65,000 children and adults how to reduce their risks in case of disaster and retrofitted community buildings with earthquake-resistant construction