Network Centric Warfare - An Introduction

"Network Centric Warfare" (NCW) Is a new paradigm in how warfare is conducted in the 21st century. This presentation, made at the "Bangalore Science Forum", Bengaluru, India, in August 2015 by D.A.Mohan, CEO, DAC Intl.,an expert consultant in Defence & Aerospace explains NCW, Concepts, advantages and limitations.

1. WELCOME
An Introduction to
Network Centric Warfare
D.A.Mohan, CEO, DAC Intl
Formerly, Executive Director(Strategy), Bharat Electronics
Delivered at: The Bangalore Science Forum
19
th
August 2015

2. How Warfare has changed over time
Platform Centric Warfare
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3. Platform Centric Warfare
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4. Nuclear, Biological & Chemical Warfare
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5. Electronic Warfare
Jammers, Direction Finders, Intelligence
gathering, ECM & ECCM, Cyber attack
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6. Technology Innovations
"InnovationsinTechnologyacceleratedafter
1970
"InnovationsinDefence&Aerospacefueled
developmentsinCiviliansectorandVice
versa
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7. Disruptive innovation
is changing our world
Innovation DisruptedMarket
CD / DVD Cassette Tapes
Digital Photography Film Photography
FlatPanel TVs CRT TVs
FixedTelephones Mobile Phones
Smart Phones,IPads Cameras, Laptops
Internet Alteringthe way mankind
thinks and interacts
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8. Disruptive Tech in Military -Examples
Disruptive Technologies -Capabilities that were
not available and unimaginable In the past
decade
"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
"Driverless Vehicles
"Cyber technology
"Wearable technologies
"Internet of Things (IOT)
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9. Dawn of this Century
Widespread adoption of the
INTERNET
led to arrival of
Network Centric Warfare
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10. What is Network Centric Warfare?
"Integration and interconnection (Networking)
of all different participants in the warfare
environment
"Exchange Information
"Create Situational awareness
"Help fast & correct decision making
"Quick action
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11. New paradigm of Warfare
Collection of Data & Transmission,
Extraction of useful Information & Intelligence,
Dissemination, Decision Making &
Action using
Appropriate advanced weaponry & platforms
Feedback
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12. The Command & Control Process
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13. Core concept of NCW
Tight integration and Networking of:
"Sensors
"Failsafe Transverse Communication Media
"Command & Control centers
"Land, Air and Naval platforms & Tactical units
To Achieve
"Situational Awareness in a highly mobile
environment
"Perfect Synchronisation between sensors &
Shooters for effective response
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14. NCW in Nature
Operatingundersimplerules,birdsorienton
theirimmediateneighbourstoformaV-shaped,
self-organized,cooperativeadaptivesystem.
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15. Layers of Network
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16. Tactical Network
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17. Airborne NCW
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18. Signals Intelligence
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19. Key Elements of Network Centric Warfare
Sensor Systems
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20. Key Elements of Network Centric Warfare
Integrated Communications infrastructure
"Point-to-point,Point-to-multipointRadios
"Powerfuldatarouters
"Mobilead-hocnetworking(MANET),Multimedia
encryption
"CombineHF/VHF/UHF/Microwave/SDRadionetworks
withIP-basedLANandWANnetworks,Fixed&mobile
Telephonenetworks,andSatellite
"BackboneNetworkwithautoreroutingtoavoid
jammedpathways
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21. Key Elements of Network Centric Warfare
The Radio
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22. Important Network Elements-The Radio
"Independent Voice & Data Communications
"High Data Rates & Low Spectrum usage
"Embedded GPS capability
"Net capability-Multi hop & MANET (Mobile
Adhoc Net)
"Operational range in all environmental
conditions
"Electronic Protection Encryption & Anti Jam
"Software Defined Radio -Good solution
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23. Benefits of SDR in Tactical communications
"Embeddedroutingmechanisms
"Reconfigurationofthenetworkinafastand
automaticway;Seamlessconnectivity
"Radiobasedpositioningcapability
(Triangulation) alternativetoGPS
"Electronicwarfarefunctionalities
"Securityofcommunications)
"Easyinteroperabilityamongdifferentmilitary
forces
"Gradualreplacementoflegacyradiosand
interoperabilitywiththem
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24. Important Network Elements -Routers
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25. Router-to-Radio connectivity
Radio
System
Next-generation
3200
Different rates depending on SNR/BER and
radio waveform of connection
(potentially many waveforms in same chassis)

26. Important Network Elements The Satellite
"Satellitecommunicationsnetworkssatisfy
militarynetworkcentricityrequirements
overentirehemisphericareas
"HighpowerX,Ku&Ka-bandsatellitesare
ideallysuitedtoISRrequirements.L-Band
andS-Bandsystemsforsmallnarrowband
terminals.
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27. Satcom Terminals & Earth Stations
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28. Role of Military Satellites
"Staticarenaapplications,
ØHighcommand,Strategicfixednetwork&
Territorialcommandposts
"Deployedarenaapplications,
ØDivisionalcommandposts,Brigadecommand
postsandSpecialForces
"Maneuveringarenaapplications,
ØBattalioncommandpostsandSpecialForces
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29. Multi Sensor Data Fusion & Decision Support
"Analyse & filter incoming data from multiple
sensors including human inputs (Voice, Video
streams, Raw data)
"Combine filtered data
"Further Analysis
"Extract useful & actionable information
"Present to decision makers Digital displays
"Assist decision making process On line/off line
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30. Technologies for Data Fusion
"Very complex process, Handle Terra Bytes of data
"Data Compression / Decompression
"Sophisticated computer algorithms,Data bases, Data
base management, Data mining
"Knowledge systems, Pattern identification,
Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
"Very high performance computing, Computer
Networking, SENSOR interface technologies
"Display technologies, Decision Support Systems, High
speed Communications, Overlay on GIS
"Immunity from Cyber attacks
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31. Command & Control Center
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32. Indian Network Centric Programs
"CIDSS Command Information & Decision
Support System
"BSS Battlefield Surveillance System
"AWAN Army Wide Area Network
"ASCON-Army Strategic Communication Network
"BMS-Battle Field Management System
"TCS Tactical Communication System
"NFS Network For Spectrum
"ACCCS Artillery Command & Control System
"AFNET Air Force Network
"Navy Net Naval Network
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33. 18 August 2015 D.A.Mohan CEO, DAC Intl 33

34. Battle Field Surveillance System
GENERATOR
SURVEILLANCE CENTER
COMMUNICATION CONTROL
UNIT

35. NCW Drawbacks
Informationandhowitisprocessedandinterpreted
inthemindsofthecombatantsisjustasimportant if
notmoreimportant thantheinformationitself
"NCW-ComputercentricinsteadofHumancentric
"Heavyrelianceoncomplextechnology,particularly
infrastructure-primarycentreofgravityfor
opponentstoexploit
"Anydisruptiontonetworkscouldbecatastrophic
"GPS-CoreassetforNCWtowork-GPSjammers
canblockGPSsignals
"Cyberattacksusceptibility
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36. Interoperability -Major challenge in
Network Centric Systems
Interoperability between:
"Different types of Hardware & Software used
in various electronic systems
"Equipment used by Infantry soldier, Tanks &
other Ground fighting vehicles
"Gndto Air, Air to Air, Air & Sea
communication
"Ship to Ship, Ship to shore, Ship to Air
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37. NCW Drawbacks Contd.
Massivequantitiesofvideoandimagerycan
straintheabilityofanetworktosupplythe
rightinformation,attherightplace,attheright
time
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38. NCW Drawbacks Contd.
Enemycoulddeliberatelyinducedisturbances
designedtopushtheNCWsystemintochaos.
Overloadsensorandshooternetworkgridswith
multitudeofsmallweaponsystemslikeaswarmof
birds
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39. Possible Mitigation
"Intensivetrainingatdifferentlevels
"Builtinredundancyagainstnodefailures
"FallbackoptionincaseofNetwork
degradation
"Preventinformationoverloadatdifferent
operationallevelsesp.tacticallevel
"HardeningagainstCyberattacks,localizing
malware
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40. Future of NCW
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41. Acknowledgements
Publiclyavailableinformationfromfollowingused
inpartsofthispresentation:
"Bharat Electronics Ltd
"General Dynamics Corp
"Elbit
"Cisco
"Raytheon
"Thales
"Technical articles on NCW
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42. Thanks To
Bangalore Science Forum
The National College, Basavanagudi, Bangalore
For the opportunity to make this
presentation
For any additional information contact:
D.A.Mohan, CEO, DAC Intl.,
Ph: [phone], [phone],
[email protected], www.dacintl.com
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