Network-Fundamentals-for-start-learning.pdf

Khái niệm cơ bản về network

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Nhu cầuchiasẻtài nguyên
thông tin, dịch vụ
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Mạng dữliệu
•Nhượcđiểmtrongphương thứctraođổi thông tin cũ
–Dưthừa tài nguyên thiếtbị
–Hiệusuấttraođổithôngtin thấp
– Khó quảnlýmạng
•Mạng LAN rađời cung cấpcácchuẩnmởcho phầncứng, phầnmềm
và các thiếtbịmạng

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Lịch sửphát triểnmạng
• 1970’s: Small computer came into existence
• 1983: TCP/IP become the universal language
• 1984: up to 1000 Internet host
• 1996: Number of Internet host exceeds 10 mill
• 1999: Video, Voice and Data convergence
• 2001: Number of Internet host exceeds 110 mill

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Thiếtbịmạng
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Topology mạng
• Topology mạngđịnh nghĩacấutrúcmạng
• Topology vật lý (physical), đượcxemlàkếtnốithựccủadâydẫnhay
phương tiệntruyềndẫn
• Topology logic (logical) , được xem là cách thứctruynhậpmôitrường
truyềndẫncủa các máy tính khi truyềndữliệu
• Logical topology thểhiệncáchthức các máy tính traođổi thông tin qua môi
trường truyềndẫn
• Hai loại logical topologies chính là broadcast và token passing.
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Bus Topology
“A bus topology uses a single backbone segment (length of
cable) that all the hosts connect to directly.”

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Ring Topology
“A ring topology connects one host to the next and the last
host to the first. This creates a physical ring of cable.”
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Token Ring
• Token Ring NIC và MAU

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Topology hình sao (Star)
“A star topology connects all cables to a central point of
concentration. This point is usually a hub or switch,
which will be described later in the chapter.”
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Extended Star Topology
“An extended star topology uses the star topology to be created. It links
individual stars together by linking the hubs/switches. This, as you
will learn later in the chapter, will extend the length and size of the
network.”

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Mesh Topology
“A mesh topology is used when there can be absolutely no break in
communications, for example the control systems of a nuclear
power plant. So as you can see in the graphic, each host has its
own connections to all other hosts. This also reflects the design of
the Internet, which has multiple paths to any one location.”
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Local-area networks (LANs)
Mộtsốcông nghệmạng LAN:
•Ethernet
•Token Ring
•FDDI

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Phân loạimạng
•Theo khảnăng cung cấp tài nguyên
–Client/Server
–Peer-to-peer
•Theo Mô hình mạng
–Mạng LAN
–Mạng WAN
–Mạng MAN
•Theo kỹthuật chuyểnmạch
•Theo phương thứckếtnối
(không kếtnốihoặchướng kếtnối)
•Theo dạng kếtnối (đơn công, song công, bán song công)
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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Wide-area networks (WANs)
Mộtsốcông nghệmạng WAN:
• Modems
• Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
• Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
•Frame Relay
• US (T) and Europe (E) Carrier Series – T1, E1, T3, E3
• Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)

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Hanoi University of Technology Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications
19/05/06
Metropolitan-area networks (MANs)
• MAN thường mởrộng trong phạm vi 1 thành phốvà có thểchứa
nhiềumạng LAN