Network layer protocols.pptx

Network Layer Protocols

1. THE SYMPHONY OF CONNECTIVITY: UNLEASHING THE POWER OF NETWORK LAYER PROTOCOLS

2. Network Layer Protocols Every computer in a network has an IP address by which it can be uniquely identified and addressed. An IP address is Layer- 3 (Network Layer) logical address.

3. Address Resolution Protocol(ARP) While communicating, a host needs Layer- 2 (MAC) address of the destination machine which belongs to the same broadcast domain or network.

4. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ICMP is network diagnostic and error reporting protocol. ICMP belongs to IP protocol suite and uses IP as carrier protocol. it reports about host or router is not reachable.and request service not available

5. RARP oRARP stands for Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. If the host wants to know its IP address, then it broadcast the RARP query packet that contains its physical address to the entire network. A RARP server on the network recognizes the RARP packet and responds back with the host IP address.

6. IGMP IGMP stands for Internet Group management Protocol. oThe IP protocol supports two types of communication: oUnicasting: It is a communication between one sender and one receiver. Therefore, we can say that it is one-to- one communication. Multicasting: Sometimes the sender wants to send the same message to a large number of receivers simultaneously. This process is known as multicasting which has one-to- many communication.

7. Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) IPv4 is 32- bit addressing scheme used as TCP/IP host addressing mechanism. IP addressing enables every host on the TCP/IP network to be uniquely identifiable.

8. Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Exhaustion of IPv4 addresses gave birth to a next generation Internet Protocol version 6. IPv6 addresses its nodes with 128- bit wide address providing plenty of address space for future to be used on entire planet or beyond.