Neuropeptide Y

Neuropeptide Y

1. Neuropeptide Y Gary Oh

2. Neuropeptide Y ( NPY ) 36-amino acid neuropeptide that acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain and ANS ANS - produced by neurons of the SNS Strong vasoconstrictor Fat tissue growth Brain - produced in various locations including the hypothalamus

3. Receptor Five known mammalian neuropeptide Y receptors designated Y 1 through Y 5 G inhibitory protein-coupled receptor Activated neuropeptide receptors release Gi subunit from the heterotrimeric G protein complex. G i subunit in turn inhibits the production of the second messenger cAMP from ATP. Subtypes Y1 and Y5 have known roles in the stimulation of feeding while Y2 and Y4 seem to have roles in appetite inhibition (satiety ).  

4. Food Intake Elevating NPY- ergic activity increases food intake R ole of NPY in eating disorders (obesity) Studies of mice and monkeys show that repeated stress (and a high-fat, high-sugar diet) stimulate the release of NPY, causing fat to build up in the abdomen.

5. Anxiolytic Higher levels of NPY associated with resilience against and recovery from posttraumatic stress disorder and with dampening the fear response, allowing individuals to perform better under extreme stress Alcoholism NPY might protect against alcoholism:

6. References Dryden S, Pickavance L, Frankish HM, Williams G (September 1995). Increased neuropeptide Y secretion in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats. Brain Res. 690 (2): 185–8. Kuo LE, Kitlinska JB, Tilan JU et al. (July 2007). Neuropeptide Y acts directly in the periphery on fat tissue and mediates stress-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nat. Med. 13 (7): 803–11. Larhammar D, Salaneck E (2004). Molecular evolution of NPY receptor subtypes. Neuropeptides 38 (4): 141–51. Thomas H. Maugh II (July 2, 2007). Research points to way to eliminate belly fat. Chicago Tribune.