New Empire and Kingdom .pptx, History, class- 6

new Empire and Kingdoms

1. New Empires and Kingdom Made By- Kajal

2. Prashastis Special kind os inscriptions were found during this time period, known as prashastis . Prashasti is a Sanskrit word meaning ‘in praise of’. Prashastis were composed for some  rulers of ancient India . Inscrptions , coins, biographies and account of foreign travllers are the sources of new empires and kingdoms. The Inscriptions coins biographies are the sources to know the Gupta empire

3. Allahabad Prashasti by poet Harishena

4. Gupta Empire Golden age of India / Genealogy (App. 319 to 467 CE) Founder of Gupta dynasty was Srigupta , He adopted the title of Maharaja. Capital of this empire was Patliputra . First powerful ruler was Chandragupta-I, who adopted the title of Maharaja adhiraja . Samudragupta was most powerful ruler and also known as Indian Napoleon. Last powerful ruler was Chandragupta-II. His court was full of learned people including Kalidasa the poet who had written his most famous play Abhignana , Shakuntalam and Aryabhata the astronomer who had invented a zero. He led an expedition to western India and defeated last ruler of shakas.

5. Policies of Samudragupta The rulers of Aryavarta , nine rulers who were  uprooted, and their kingdoms were made a part of  Samudragupta’s empire. The rulers of Dakshinapatha . there were twelve  rulers,  They surrendered to  Samudragupta after being defeated and he then  allowed them to rule again. The inner circle of neighbouring states, including Assam, coastal Bengal, Nepal, and a number of  gana sanghas , They brought  tribute, followed his orders, and attended his court. The rulers of the outlying areas, the descendants of the Kushanas   and Shakas, and the ruler of Sri Lanka, who  submitted to him and offered daughters in  marriage

6. Samudragupta playing veena

7. Area under Samudragupta’s empire

8. Administration of the Gupta Empire . Land revenue was the main source of income. Maha- danda -nayaka was chief judicial officer, sandhi- vigrahika was minister of war and peace. One person held many posts Some posts were made hereditary. The Poit Harishena was a Maha’Danda’Nayaka or chief Judicial officer like his father

9. Harshvardhan 606 CE to 647 CE Harshavardhana , ruled kannauj nearly 1400 years ago. His court  poet, Banabhatta , wrote his biography, the  Harshacharita , in Sanskrit.His empire was extended from North and Northwest India to East till Kamarupa (Assam) and Narmada river till South.  This gives us the  genealogy of Harsha, and ends with his becoming  king. Xuan Zang, a chinese pilgrim spent a lot of time at Harsha’s court and left  a detailed account of what he saw.He was defeated by chalukya king Pulakeshin II.

10. Harshvardhana

11. Dynasties of South India The Pallavas and Chalukyas were most ruling dynasties of South India. Kanchipuram was the capital of Pallavas. Aihole was the capital of Chalukyas . It was an important trading and religious centre . The Best known  Chalukaya ruler was Pulakeshin II. A Parshasti was composed by his court poet Ravikirti . According to Ravikirti , he led expeditions along both the West and the East coasts. He also defeated Pallavas king. Both dynasties frequently raided one another’s land.

12. Famous ruler of chalukyas

13. Administration of the kingdoms The village was the basic unit of administration. The King always try to win the support of men who were powerful. In South India Sabha was an assembly of brahmin land owners. Ur was an assembly of non brahmin land owners. Nagaram was an organization of merchants. These assemblies were controlled by rich and powerful land owners and merchants. Many of these local assemblies continued to function for centuries.

14. Ordinary people in the empires Kalidasa is known for his plays depicting life in the King’s court. His most play is Abhigynana Sakuntalam is the story of love between a king name Dushyanta and a woman name Sakuntala . Most kings and brahmins used to speak sanskrit . Ordinary people used to speak Prakrit language.

15. King’s Army in the Empires These kings had maintained well organised army. Elephants, Chariots, Cavalary and Foot soldiers were there in the army. Samantas used to provide well maintained troops whenever king’s needed. Samantas were not given regular salaries, they collected the land revenue from the areas assigned to them by the king.

16. Account of Fa Xian(A Chinese Pilgrim) According to Fa Xian there was caste differences in the society the lower caste people were treated as untouchable and expected to live far away from the city.