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Germination and viability test

1. How Viability and Germination are related to each other Viability refers to the potential of a seed or spore to germinate and develop into a new plant. It indicates whether a seed is capable of growing under suitable conditions. Germination, on the other hand, is the process by which a seed or spore begins to sprout and develop into a new plant. The relationship between viability and germination lies in viability being a prerequisite for successful germination. A viable seed has the inherent capability to germinate when provided with suitable environmental conditions such as water, oxygen, proper temperature, and sometimes light. If a seed is viable, it means it has the potential to germinate, but it doesn't guarantee immediate or successful germination without the necessary favorable conditions.

2. Factors affecting seed viability and germination Seed coat - mechanical injury to seeds by threshing usually contributes to an immediate reduction in germination capacity and to an accelerated loss of viability in storage. Age of the Seed: Seeds naturally have a limited shelf life. As seeds age, their metabolic activity naturally declines. This means that the longer a seed is stored, the more likely it is to lose its ability to germinate and grow into a healthy plant. Seed Type : Different plant species have varying levels of seed viability. Some seeds are inherently longer-lasting than others. For example, certain tree seeds can remain viable for decades or even centuries, while others may lose viability within a few years. Genetic Factors : The genetics of the seed can also play a role in its viability. Seeds from genetically diverse populations may have better chances of survival in changing environmental conditions. Disease and Pathogens : Seeds can be vulnerable to diseases and pathogens that can reduce their viability. Proper cleaning and treatment of seeds before storage can help mitigate this risk.

3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION –  Percentage seed viablility – It is calculated by the following formula   Viability = Total number of viable seeds × 100. Total number of seeds kept

4. 2. Percentage germination- the criterion for germination was visual detection of the radical protrusion. The following formula was used : Germination % = No. of germinated seeds × 100 Total no. of seeds kept

5. Germination table

6. Germination Velocity Index

7. CONCLUSION Through these experiments we conclude that all the plants that had taken the viability test, germinate. There is an exception in the seeds of Cucumis melo . In Cucumis melo the germination is delayed and also most of the seeds do not germinate. There could be many reasons. Maybe the seeds are very old or have become dormant. The germination percent of Lens culinaris and Triticium aestivum is above 90% whereas Cucumis melo have very low germination percent. The germination velocity index of Lens culinaris and Triticium aestivum is high whereas the germination velocity index of Cucumis melo is very low .