New ornamentals......................ppt

New ornamentals..

1. NEW ORNAMENTALS

2. In the increasingly competitive international cut flower
as well as pot plant market, the novel ornamental
plants plays an important role in stabilization and
expanding market share.
Always novelty has been considered as an important
attribute in ornamental industry.
The consumer choice is also changing for product
quality
The new products normally fetch high prices than the
traditional crops
In this context introduction of new ornamental crops
is therefore continuous effort in the floriculture
industry.

3. Factors determines the importance of
new ornamental crops
•Local markets are saturated with all traditional
flowers therefore expansion is possible for many new
crops.
•The limiting factor in agricultural production is water
and floriculture has high return per unit water.
•India has a suitable climate for various flower
production all over the country round the year
•The changing consumers choice

4. stages for introduction and adaptation of
new exportable flower crops
•Searching for optimal crops.
•Selection and improvement.
• Developing propagation methods.
•Studying the growth and flowering, physiology and
developing practical means for their control.
•Evaluation of horticultural practices.
•Studying post harvest physiology and developing
practical methods for post harvest handling,
transport and storage.
•Shipments to markets abroad.

5. Potential exotic ornamental plants
•Heliconia,
•Alpinia,
•Protea,
•Liatris,
•Lilium,
•Gypsophyla,
•Wax flower,
•Alstroemaria,
•Statice/Limonium,
•Solidago

6. Flowers Exportable flowers
(millions of stems)
Gypsophila 116
Solidago 105
Ruscus 78
Wax flower 74
Hypericum 48
Limonium 41
Asclepias 27
Anemone 27
Safari sunset 20
Anigozanthos 17
New Cut flowers from Israel

7. Potential exotic ornamental plants
•Heliconia,
•Alpinia,
•Protea,
•Liatris,
•Lilium,
•Gypsophyla,
•Wax flower,
•Alstroemaria,
•Statice/Limonium,
•Solidago
Ruscus Hypericum Asclepias
Anemone Safari sunset
(Leucadendron)
Anigozanthos

8. HELICONIA: (Heliconia psittacorum; CN: Parrot's Beak;
Family: Heliconiaceae)
•Natives of tropical America
and distributed from Mexico to
Brazil, Peru and the West
Indies.
•Long stalked stems produced
from the ground reach a
height of 3 to 10 feet. The
flower stalks are 6 to 12
inches long with 3 to 6 bracts.

9. • The flower is a derivative of banana plant
•Offer something new for the floriculture
industry due to its striking colour and
inflorescence.
•Major Heliconia producing nations are
Barbados, Hawaii, Brazil and Venezuela,
Netherlands and Germany.
•This crop can be cultivated by using either
seeds or rhizomes.
•Seeds require 1 to 12 months for sprouting
while rhizomes 4 to 8 weeks.

10. ALPINIA ( Alpinia speciosa)
•commonly called as pink porcelain-lily, shell flower, shell
ginger, red ginger
•Morphology:
•Herb - robust, rhizomatous, clump-forming perennial
grow up to 4 m high
•inflorescence - drooping, showy,
 
•Leaves - Bright green, glabrous and
shining, up to 60 cm long and 20 cm wide.
 
•Flowers - In racemes up to 40 cm long, main
axis very hairy; white, waxy, pink-tinged bracteoles
enfold the buds;
•flowers orchid-like; corolla white, crinkled, yellow, with
red and brown variegations.
 
•Fruits : Red capsules”.

11. ALPINIA ( Alpinia speciosa)
•Habitat: 
It grows in
watercourses, forest
margins, roadsides, urban
open space in moist, warm,
coastal and inland regions.
•Propagation: 
Vegetatively
propagating

12. ALPINIA ( Alpinia speciosa)

13. PROTEA
•Proteas are a variable group includes 60
genera and 1400 species.
• Native to southern Africa and Australia
•It is evergreen,
•Protea flowers are composed of clusters of
narrow tubes that are often curved.
•The flowering season varies with genera;
•Proteas and Grevilleas flower in winter,
•Leucospermums tend to flower in summer.
•Protea flowers lasts for 1-2 weeks and
Banksia for > 2 weeks

14. USES OF PROTEAS
•Many Proteaceous plants make excellent
long-lasting cut flowers.
•Leucadendrons in particular are widely used as material
for floral decorations.
•Protea, Leucospermum, Banksia and Serruria flowers
can all be used to make impressive large arrangements
•Goblet-shaped Protea flowers are used as dry flowers
•Other genera such as Banksia and Leucadendron
produce seed heads or cones that can be used in dried
arrangements

15. Banksia
Protea

16. Fynbos

17. Propagation
•Proteas can be propagated either by means
of seed or vegetatively by means of cuttings.
•Only healthy plants that are not subject to
stress may be used for cuttings.
•No cuttings may be harvested from plants
that display any symptoms of disease.
•Terminal cuttings are used takes 6-16 weeks

18. CULTIVATION
•Soil: Good drainage is absolutely essential.
•Rich loams and heavy clays do not make
good protea soils.
•Planting: Autumn or winter is best in mild
areas.
•Cuttings are ready to be planted when the
new roots are well developed and
discoloured brown roots are visible on both
sides of the bag.
•The cuttings must then be planted in well-
drained acid soil that has not been fertilised.
•Pruning: Need occasional trimming.

19. GYPSOPHILA (Gypsophila elegance)
•It is also called as Showy Baby's-breath,
•is a short lived annual
•native to Southern Ukraine, Eastern Turkey and
Northern Iran.
•Plants grow up to 45 cm tall.
•The plant has a life span of 5-6 weeks.
•Florists use the flowers as filler in bouquets and it is
used in the landscape as a rock garden plant.
•For a long blooming season, one must plant seeds
every 3-4 weeks for continuous bloom.

20. Gypsophyla types

21. Gypsophyla types

22. Blooming
•In the greenhouse, the plants
bloom in about 4 weeks from
seed,
•An ideal plant for children to
grow and watch in classroom
or garden.
•The profuse single white
flowers are up to 1/2 inch (~10
mm) across.
•They are very showy.

23. •Propagation: Gypsophila elegans is best
propagated from seed.
•Culture:
•Gypsophila elegans need full sun to light shade
•Preferring a slightly acid soil mix. In the
greenhouse a soil mix of 2 parts peat moss, 1
part loam and1 part sand or perlite.
•Add 1 cup of hydrated lime to adjust pH.

24. STATICE (Limonium)
•Limonium is also known as Sea Lavender,
Statice, or Marsh-rosemary.
•Limonium is in Plumbaginaceae, the plumbago or leadwort
family.
•The genus has a distribution in Europe, Asia, Africa Australia
and North America
•Sea-lavenders normally grow as herbacius perennial plant,
growing 10-70
 cm tall from a rhizome
•A few are woody shrubs up to 2 m tall.
•Many species flourish in saline soils and are therefore
common near coasts and in salt marshes and also on saline
and alkaline soils in continental interiors.

25. Lymoniums

28. Cultivation
•Even though these plants are natives of salt marshes,
they will flourish in any good garden soil.
•In the greenhouse, they may be planted in 5-inch pots
filled with two parts of loam and one part of leaf mold,
with a bit of sand and well decomposed organic manure
added.
•Good drainage is a must.
•They need shading only from the harshest rays of the
sun.
•They should be given a cool spot with good ventilation
and when beginning to bloom, occasional doses of weak
liquid fertilizer.

29. Solidago canadensis ( Asteraceae)
Goldenrod is a yellow flowering plant.
About 100 perennial species make up
the genus Solidago.
Native of North America.
Goldenrods are easily recognized by
their golden inflorescence with
hundreds of small capitula
Used as cut flower, filler plant,

30. Solidago canadensis (Asteraceae)
•Propagation – by seed or by underground rhizomes or
by division of clumps
•Goldenrods are mostly short-day plants

31. Peruvian Lily/ Alstroemeria

32. Alstroemeria

33. •Alstroemaria flowers during late spring or
early summer.
•Orange, pink, rose, purple, red, yellow,
white or salmon colors.
•Named after the swedish botanist klas von
alstroemer,
• Consists of about 50 species.
Alstroemaria

34. Some Species of Alstroemeria
•Alstroemeria aurea - Lily of the Incas.
•Alstroemeria aurantiaca - Peruvian Lily/Alstroemeria
Princess Lily
•Alstroemeria caryophyllacea - Brazilian Lily
•Alstroemeria haemantha - Purplespot Parrot Lily
•Alstroemeria ligtu - Lily-of-the-Nile
•Alstroemeria psittacina - Lily of the Incas, White-
edged Peruvian Lily/White Alstroemeria
•Alstroemeria pulchella - Parrot Lily, Parrot Flower,
Red Parrot Beak, New Zealand Christmas Bell

35. Cultivation
•Plant alstroemeria in full sun in well-drained soil.
•Add organic fertilizer to the planting hole.
•Place the plants no deeper than they were
growing in the containers.
•Set the plants 1 foot apart.
•Mulch around with 3 inches of organic compost.
•Water well until soil is completely moist.
•Propagated by rhizomes

36. Cultivars and uses
•Many hybrids and about 190 cultivars
•with different markings and colors, ranging from white,
golden yellow, orange, to apricot, pink, red, purple
and lavender.
•Alstroemeria, which resembles a miniature lily, is very
popularly used in bouquets and flower arrangements
in the commercial cut flower trade.
•Alstroemeria have a vase life of about two weeks.

37. Wax flower
•Ciunnaelaucium uncinatum
schauer, Myrtaceae
•Native shrub in western
Australia.
•It was introduced to southern
California
•Research was carried out in
Israel, a fact that facilitated the
rapid development of the plant
as an important commercial
crop.
•It is a perennial shrub reaching
2-3 meters in height.

38. Morphology
•Perennial shrub grow upto 2-3m
•It has small narrow needle -
shaped leaves 10-40 mm long.
•It has small 5 petalled flowers,
which range in size from 10 - 25
mm in diameter,
•Flower branches up to 40 to 100
cm.
•Each branch produces 50 - 500
flowers buds
•Colors ranges from white, pink,
purple to variegated.
•It flowers from autumn through
winter to spring.

39. •In Israel this plant is being
grown on 300 ha.
•It is used mainly for cut flower
production, but also for cut
shoots with flowers buds, cut
foliage and flowering pot plants.
• Good filler flower in various
floral design and arrangements
•Israel became the main
exporter of wax flowers to
Europe in the winter.

40. •The crop can grow in most soils but prefers acid and
well-drained soils with the optimum pH being 6 - 6.5.
•It prefers dry conditions and has low water and fertilizer
requirements.
•It can grow in the optimum temperature range of 15 -
35°C but can tolerate lower temperatures.
•They can't withstand heavy frost.
•Flower induction requires short days; therefore buds
start appearing in autumn. Low night temperature also
influence induction and bud formation.

41. •Flowers start opening in late autumn and have a good shelf
life, branches with unopened flower buds can also be
marketed.
•Wax flower can be planted most of the year except in winter.
•The best planting seasons are spring and autumn.
•Recommended planting density is 300 - 700 plants per 1000
m
2
.
•Propagated by cuttings

42. Liatris (Blazing-star, Gay-feather or Button
snakeroot)
•Genus: Liatris
Species : spicta
Family : Asteraceae
•Exposure: Full sun, Partial shade
Hardiness: Hardy
Soil type: Well-drained/light, Moist
Height: 150cm
Spread : 45cm

43. Lisianthus

44. •Eustoma is a genus of 3 species in the family Gentianaceae,
found in warm regions of the Southern United States, Mexico,
Caribbean and northern South America.
•They are mostly found growing in grassland and areas of
disturbed ground.
•They are herbaceous annuals, growing to 15 – 60 cm tall, with
bluish green, slightly succulent leaves, and large funnel shaped
flowers growing on long straight stems.
•Eustoma grandiflorum is particularly popular and has a number
of cultivars that are grown for the cut flower market.
•The cultivated flower is also often known as Lisianthus, Texas
Bluebell, Prairie Gentian , Tulip Gentian or just Gentian.