Non-aligned movement.pptx

The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was created and founded during the collapse of the colonial system and the independence struggles of the peoples of Africa, Asia, Latin America and other regions of the world and at the height of the Cold War.

1. Non- Aligned Movement Dr. Surendra Kumar Yadawa IMS Unison University, Dehradun

2. What is Non-alignment? The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) was created and founded during the collapse of the colonial system and the independence struggles of the peoples of Africa, Asia, Latin America and other regions of the world and at the height of the Cold War.

3. What is meant by non-alignment movement? Opposition of Cold war Opposition of Alliances Non-involvement- Power Politics Peaceful coexistence Non-interference Independence in foreign policy A policy of action- not isolation Peaceful cooperation

4. Who were the founders of Non-Aligned Movement? The founding fathers of the Non-aligned movement were- Sukarno of Indonesia, Jawaharlal Nehru of India, and Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia, Gamal Abdul Nasser of Egypt and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana. Their actions were known as 'The Initiative of Five'.

5. What do you mean by NAM? Meaning of Non-Aligned Movement: The non-alignment refers to  an independent policy adopted by a country while keeping away from the power blocs . It is distinct from neutrality which means keeping aloof from international politics. Thus, non-alignment is a positive concept.

6. What is NAM explain? The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. After the United Nations, it is the largest grouping of states worldwide. Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) Current members of the Non-Aligned Movement.

7. What are the aims of NAM? To advocate sovereign equality of all states. To encourage friendly relations among countries. To advocate peaceful settlement of international disputes. To oppose the use of force and the use of nuclear weapons.

8. What are the main objectives of Non-alignment Movement? The main objective of the NAM at the beginning was to keep away the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa from the superpower rivalry and to protect and preserve their newly acquired independence. The other important objectives of the NAM are the following: To eliminate all those causes which could lead to war. To protect the nascent freedom of the new-born independent countries of Asia and Africa from colonial domination. To oppose colonialism imperialism and radial discrimination. To advocate sovereign equality of all states. To encourage friendly relations among countries. To advocate peaceful settlement of international disputes. To oppose the use of force and the use of nuclear weapons. To protect human rights and to protect the environment.

9. Why did the Non-Aligned Movement fail? Failure of Non-Aligned Movement The NAM has shown a tendency to ignore some of the human rights violations committed by member countries. NAM could not stop the arms race and bring an end to Nuclear Proliferation. It could not prevent regional confrontations.

10. What are the problems faced by non-aligned countries? Current Challenges facing the NAM include the necessity of protecting the principles of International law, eliminating weapons of mass destruction , combating terrorism, defending human rights, working toward making the United Nations more effective in meeting the needs of all its member states in order to preserve

11. Who is the current chairman of NAM? Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro officially handed the presidency of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) to Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, during the inaugural ceremony of Leaders' Meeting. Azerbaijan will hold the NAM presidency for 3 years until the 19th summit in 2022 .

12. Do you think that the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) has lost its sheen in today’s world? Give reasons to support your opinion. Approach: Write in brief about NAM Write why there is debate around the relevance of NAM Provide arguments whether it is relevant or not with reasons to support your opinion Provide Conclusion based on arguments provided. The Non-Aligned Movement is a Movement of countries representing the interests and priorities of developing countries. The Movement has its origin in the Asia-Africa Conference held in Bandung, Indonesia in 1955. Non-Aligned Movement was formed during the Cold War as an organization of States that did not seek to formally align themselves with either the United States or the Soviet Union but sought to remain independent or neutral.

13. Relevance With the disintegration of the USSR and the end of the cold war in 1991, non-alignment, both as an international movement and as the core of India’s Foreign Policy, lost some earlier relevance and effectiveness. However, non-alignment retained some core values and enduring idea, after the end of the cold war it started giving more importance to economic ideas. NAM is still relevant today. This is because of the following reasons: NAM was based on the principle that decolonised countries share a historical affiliation and can become powerful if they all come together. This affiliation is still relevant.

14. NAM stressed on the idea that it is not necessary for small and poor countries in the world to follow any powerful country if they are able to follow any independent foreign policy. NAM is also based on the value of democratizing the international system by thinking about an alternative world order to address several issues such as poverty and existing inequalities. With the emergence of neo colonialism ( use of economic, political, cultural or other pressure to influence former colonies), many newly independent nations were unable to take concrete decisions in the economic fields due to the pressure exerted by the powerful nations and organisations like the World Bank, WTO, IMF etc. Under such circumstances, NAM came forward to help these countries in trying to assert their economic rights.

15. USA off late has emerged as a powerful nation. NAM has immense potentialities and experience to prevent the dominating of USA over countries like Iraq and Afghanistan. Thus, NAM still remains an important and powerful force which aims at achieving international peace, disarmament and economic development. Non-Alignment has not lost its relevance rather it has stood the test of time. It has served the useful purpose of protecting and preserving the interest of the Third World countries well in the past, so it is also expected to serve their interest well in the future to come.

16. Thank You