Non Cyclic Transport

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1. Non – Cyclic Electron
Transport

2. •non-cyclic the electrons do not
return to the source
•non-cyclic process occurs to
produce ATP AND NADH which
will be used by the Calvin cycle to
produce the carbohydrate but
some times there occurs a cyclic
process to produce ATP to cope
up with Calvin cycle as it requires
more ATP than the NADH
•the electrons come
back to the source
•cyclic electron flow
could operate
independent of
photosystem II
Non – Cyclic Electron
Transport
Cyclic Electron
Transport

3. Non-cyclic
Electron
Transport in
Photosynthesis

4. DIFFICULT
words and
terms..!
...Be AWARE!

5. Photophosphorylation
refers to the use of light energy
from photosynthesis to ultimately
provide the energy to convert ADP
to ATP, thus replenishing the
universal energy currency in living
things.

6. Photosystem I
• the light energy complex for the cyclic electron
transport process used in some photosynthetic
prokaryotes.
• makes use of an antenna complex to collect light
energy for the second stage of non-cyclic
electron transport. It collects energetic electrons
from the first stage process which is powered
through Photosystem II and uses the light energy
to further boost the energy of the electrons toward
accomplishing the final goal of providing energy in
the form of reduced coenzymes to the Calvin
cycle.

7. Photosystem II
• makes use of an antenna
complex to collect light energy
for the first stages of non-
cyclic electron transport
• contains the same kind
of chlorophyll
a as Photosystem I but in a
different protein environment

8. present in every living
cell is NAD+. It
participates in electron
transport reactions in
cell metabolism
processes like glycolysis
Coenzymes

9. Pheophytin
is a chemical compound that
serves as the first electron carrier
intermediate in the electron
transfer pathway of photosystem
II

10. Plastocyanin
an important copper-containing
protein involved in electron-
transfer

11. thylakoid
•a membrane-bound
compartment inside chloroplasts
and cyanobacteria
•the site of the light-dependent
reactions of photosynthesis
•consist of a thylakoid
membrane surrounding a
thylakoid lumen

12. Plastoquinone (PQ)
•a molecule involved in the electron transport
chain in the light-dependent reactions of
photosynthesis.
•Plastoquinone is reduced (accepts two protons
(H+) from the stromal matrix of the chloroplast,
coupled to two electrons (e-) from photosystem
II), forming plastoquinol.
•transports the protons to the lumen of thylakoid
discs, while the electrons continue through the
electron transport chain into the cytochrome b6f
protein complex

13. Ferredoxins
are iron-sulfur proteins that mediate
electron transfer in a range of
metabolic reactions

14. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate (NADP)
a coenzyme used in anabolic
reactions, such as lipid and nucleic
acid synthesis, which require NADPH
as a reducing agent.

15. Adenosine (ATP)
•a multifunctional nucleotide used
in cells as a coenzyme
•transports chemical energy
within cells for metabolism

16. noncyclic
photophosphorylation

17. •a two-stage process involving
two different chlorophyll
photosystems
•occurs on thylakoid
membranes inside chloroplasts
noncyclic
photophosphorylation

18. •water molecule is broken
down into 2H+ + 1/2 O2 +
2e- by a process called
photolysis

19. two electrons from the water
molecule are kept in photosystem II,
while the 2H+ and 1/2O2 are left out
for further use

20. a photon is absorbed by chlorophyll
pigments on the surrounding of the
reaction core center of the
photosystem. The light excites the
electrons of each pigment, causing a
chain reaction that eventually
transfers energy to the core of
photosystem II , exciting the two
electrons that are transferred to the
primary electron acceptor,
pheophytin

22. The deficit of electrons is replenished
by taking electrons from another
molecule of water. The electrons
transfer from pheophytin to
plastoquinone, then to plastocyanin,
providing the energy for hydrogen ions
(H+) to be pumped into the thylakoid
space. This creates a gradient, making
H+ ions flow back into the stroma of the
chloroplast, providing the energy for the
regeneration of ATP.

24. The photosystem II complex replaced
its lost electrons from an external
source; however, the two other
electrons are not returned to
photosystem II as they would in the
analogous cyclic pathway. Instead, the
still-excited electrons are transferred
to a photosystem I complex, which
boosts their energy level to a higher
level using a second solar photon.

25. The highly excited electrons are
transferred to the acceptor molecule,
but this time is passed on to an enzyme
called Ferredoxin- NADP + reductase,
for short FNR, which uses them to
catalyse the reaction (as shown):
NADP+ + 2H+ + 2e- → NADPH + H+

27. The concentration of NADPH in
the chloroplast may help regulate
which pathway electrons take
through the light reactions. When
the chloroplast runs low on ATP
for the Calvin cycle, NADPH will
accumulate and the plant may
shift from noncyclic to cyclic
electron flow.

31. Thank
you for
listening

32. GROUP 9
MILTEOFE S. DAYANDAYAN
CHEDIROSE SALAZAR
MICHAEL ANDREW YGNACIO
FERNANDO SARDIDO