Non Violence for Peace

Relationship between Peace and Violence

1. Non Violence for Peace Relationship between Peace and Violence By M.VIJAYALAKSHMI Assistant Professor

2. Unit – 2: Non Violence for Peace 2.1 Relationship between peace and violence 2.2 Role of violence in our lives and the lives of others 2.3 Exposure to Non violence through media 2.4 Consequences-Crisis and the management- Factors that influence non- violence.

3. Unit – 2: Non Violence for Peace 2.1 Relationship between peace and violence

4. Violence is emerging in an unprecedented manner in human society Children naturally absorb the spirit of violence in the atmosphere Therefore the need to cherish peace in the hearts of children has risen as urgent issues to be addressed Peace education helps teachers and students to perceive causes for violence

5. Indian Scriptures – Three kinds of violence Mental ( Manasik ) Verbal ( Vachik ) Physical ( Kayeek )

6. Violence has several configurations Individuals (fight between two individuals) Groups (clashes of gangs) Communities (caste conflicts and communal violence) Nations (war between two countries) Cultures (world wars and contemporary Anglo-American war in Afghanistan, Iraq, etc.)

7. Definition of Violence “Violence is the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment , or deprivation” - UNESCO

8. Relationship between Peace and Violence Peace does not mean the total absence of any conflict It means absence of violence in all forms and the unfolding of conflict in a constructive way Preamble to the UNESCO Constitution – Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defence of peace must be constructed

9. Peace is a quality describing a society or a relationship that is operating harmoniously Two categories According to Galtung – Positive Peace Negative Peace

10. Positive Peace More than the absence of violence; it is the presence of social justice through equal opportunity, a fair distribution of power and resources, equal protection and impartial enforcement of law Negative Peace The absence of direct violence (physical, verbal and psychological) between individuals, groups and governments

11. Positive peace – achieved through eliminating the structural, socio-cultural and ecological violence Structural violence – Life spans are reduced when people are socially dominated, politically oppressed or economically exploited Class and caste situations are the source of violence – lead to sense of inferiority and relative deprivation among people

12. Both structural and socio-cultural violence inevitably produce conflict and often direct violence, including family violence, racial violence, hate crimes, terrorism, genocide, and war Ecological problems rebound on human in the form of damage to the foundation of their lives and to their health, or as additional costs Intra familial violence occurs in the child’s immediate environment

13. Positive peace - Approaches Establishing peace through world order by supporting international law, compliance with multilateral treaties, use of international courts, and nonviolent resolution of disputes, participation in international organizations, trade and communication

14. Establishing social equality and justice, economic equity, ecological balance; protecting citizens from attack, and meeting basic human needs Establishing civil peace that provides the constitutional and legal means necessary to settle differences nonviolently

15. Eliminating indirect violence, that shortens the life span of people, shortens unequal life chances, or reduces quality of life for any citizen Practicing conflict resolution as a foundation for building peaceful interpersonal and international relationships

16. Negative Peace Absence of direct violence (physical, verbal and psychological) between individuals, groups and governments Immediate symptoms – conditions of war, and the use and effects of force and weapons

17. Negative Peace - Approaches Managing interpersonal and organizational conflict in order to control, contain and reduce actual and potential violence Reducing the incidence of war by eliminating the extreme dangers of the war system Limiting war through international crisis management Preventing war through strategic deterrence and arms control

18. Sources are taken from Slidesharenet.com Web sources