Nonwoven Presentation

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1. WELCOME Presentation on: Non-woven

2. Presented by: Md. Al- Amin Masum ID: 2015100400011 Batch: 29 th BSc in Textile Engineering Southeast University [email protected]

3. Non-woven Introduction: Nonwoven fabric production is relatively new. Over the last few decades, it has created a very healthy impression. In USA and Europe, nonwoven companies continuously increase their production capacities and installed new plants and modern equipments.

4. History According to the statistics of 1978 from CIRFS, in Europe, the total amount of fabric used to produce nonwoven fabrics, is increased around 10% in 1978 compared with 1974. The uses of nonwovens are both disposal and durable. Nonwovens are still increasing in importance; production is increasing at the rate of 11% per annum.

5. Nonwoven Nonwoven are a sheet, web, or bat of natural and/or man-made fibers or filaments, excluding paper, that have not been converted into yarns, and that are bonded to each other by any of several means. The various methods for bonding are: Adding an adhesive. Thermally fusing the fibers or filament to each other or to the other melt able fiber or powder. Fusing fibers by first dissolved, and then re-solidifying their surface. Creating physical tangles or tuft among the fibers. Stitching the fibers or filaments in place.

6. Reasons for the increase use of Nonwoven The most important reason for the increased use of nonwoven is their economic manufacturing process. Viscose, polyester, polypropylene, cotton, wood pulp and waste fibers are the most used fibers for nonwoven production. Replacing traditional knits and woven. Widely used as interlining in blouses, jackets, blazer, waistband etc. Used for medical textiles with special barrier materials to protection. Nonwoven used as geotextile, construction site and several applications.

7. Manufacturing process of nonwoven Preparation of the fiber. Web formation. Web bonding. Drying. Curing. Finishing.

8. Process use for nonwoven production Nonwoven can be produce from Staple fiber webs Spun-laid continuous filament. Method of fiber laying Dry laying. Wet laying. Spun melt.

9. Dry laid For the production of nonwovens from staple fibers, a carding process is required for fiber separation and web formation. The webs produced by this system are known as dry laid webs. Dry-laid webs are subdivided according to the fiber orientation into three types: Parallel-laid. Cross-laid. Random-laid.

10. Parallel laid The mass per unit area of card web is normally too low to be used directly in a nonwoven. Additionally the uniformity can be increased by laying several card webs over each other to form the batt . The simplest and cheapest way of doing this is by parallel. The webs from each card fall onto the lattice forming a batt with three times the mass per unit area. If the cards are longer this method becomes unwieldy and instead the cards are placed side-by-side.

11. Cross laid When cross laying, the card (or cards) are placed at right angles to the main conveyor just one layer in on other layer. But in this case the card web is traversed backwards and forwards across the main conveyor, which itself is moving. The result is a zig-zag is formed.

12. Random laid The random-laid method produces the final batt in one stage without first making a lighter weight web. It is also capable of running at high production speeds but is similar to the parallel-lay method in that the width of the final batt is the same as the width of the random-laying machine, usually in the range of 3–4m. The degree of fibre opening available in an random-lay machine varies from one manufacturer to another, but in all cases it is very much lower than in a card.

13. Wet laid In wet laid system, a fiber slurry is collected on a wire mash, condensed to form a web and finally dried. The wet-laid process is a development from papermaking that was undertaken because the production speeds of papermaking are very high compared with textile production. Textile fibres are cut very short by textile standards (6–20mm).

14. Spun-melt Spun laying includes extrusion of the filaments from the polymer raw material, drawing the filaments and laying them into a batt . As laying and bonding are normally continuous, this process represents the shortest possible textile route from polymer to fabric in one stage. In addition to this the spun-laid process has been made more versatile.

15. Bonding methods used for nonwoven production Adhesive bonding: By saturation padding. By printing. By foam. By spraying. Thermal bonding: By applying heat on. Thermostatic fibers. Bi-component fibers. Thermoplastic powder. Mechanical entanglement of fibers: By needle punching. Water-jet entanglement. Stitch bonding.

16. Use of Nonwoven Home furnishings. Agriculture & landscaping Military. Automotive. Nonwoven Industries. Construction site. Nonwoven Geo textile. Nonwoven Medical textile.

17. Nonwoven for Medical textile Now-a-days nonwoven are widely used in medical textile. The reason of increasing used of nonwoven as medical textile because of its low cost and bio-compatible. Nonwoven medical textile Surgical gown clothes Face Mask. Bandages. Filter bandages. Lab coat. Coverall. Consultation coat. Apron Cleanroom wiper Cap Shoe cover.

18. Nonwoven for Geotextile A lot of geo-textiles made from nonwoven. Products of nonwoven used as geotextile. Non-woven geotextile, which have the texture of felt, are often quicker and cheaper to create but also have shorter lifespan and do nothing to help reinforce or stabilize the soil. Such as, Nonwoven pipe. Nonwoven filter. Load bearing sheet. Protection. Geo membranes. Geo composites.

19. Nonwoven application in construction Anti-radiation type construction textile will be very important in the future. Foil, special film, combined with materials such as foam thermal insulation products. Nonwoven used breathable, sound insulation wind and rain proof light houses.

20. Products of nonwoven Agriculture & landscaping Home furnishings Industrial Military automotive Crop covers Furniture construction sheeting Coated fabric Military clothings Trunk application Turf protection products Insulation, arms and back Clean room apparel Filters Floor covers Nursery overwintering Cushion ticking Cable insulation Reinforced plastics Front, back, side liners Weed control fabrics Dust covers Lab coats Protective clothing Wheelhouse covers Root bags Pillows, pillow cases Tapes Packaging Seat applications Containers Blankets Flame barriers Display felts Cover slip sheets Capillary matting Upholstery backings Conveyor belts wipers Foam reinforcement

21. Needle-punched Nonwoven Needle-punched nonwoven are created by mechanically orienting and interlocking the fibers of a spun-bonded or carded wed. This mechanical interlocking is achieved with thousands of barber felt needles repeatedly passing into and out of the web. The needle-punch process is illustrated in fig

22. Dry powder bonding nonwoven Thermoplastic powders may be used as an alternative to thermoplastic fibres for bonding in all the methods of thermobonding except for point bonding, where powder in the unbonded areas would be wasted and would drop out in use. Products made by powder bonding seem to be characterised by softness and flexibility but in general they have relatively low strength.Again there is a very wide range of uses covering particularly the high bulk applications, protective apparel and coverstock areas.

23. Cotton used for Non woven production Cotton fiber is widely known as a key textile ingredient, but its properties make it ideal for a range of nonwovens products, such as: diapers, baby wipes, feminine hygiene and adult incontinence products. With growing concerns about the environmental impact of synthetic fibers, cotton offers a flushable, compostable and comfortable alternative to man-made fibers. Diapers (75%) Baby wipes (71%) Feminine Napkins (80%) Tampons (82%) Adult Incontinence Products (61%)

24. Advantages of nonwoven Economical manufacturing process. It has the greatest compressive strength of all reinforce materials. Low coefficient of thermal expansion. High strength to weight ratio. Nonwoven have diversification application.

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