Nose bleed

First Aid

1. These happen when weakened or dried out blood vessels in the nose rupture. They can be caused by a bang on the nose, or by picking or blowing it. They can occasionally have more serious causes such as high blood pressure or a fractured skull. Nose Bleed

2. To treat a nosebleed: Sit the casualty down and tell them to tilt their head forward. Pinch the nose. Use the thumb and index finger and tell the patient to breath through the mouth. Continue the pinch for 5 to 10 minutes. Advice the child not to sniff, speak or swallow until it has stopped . If the bleeding hasn't stopped after 10 minutes repeat 1-2 more times. If the bleeding still persists take the child to hospital in an upright position. Nose Bleed

3. To treat a nosebleed: To prevent re-bleeding after the bleeding has stopped, advise the casualty not to pick or blow the nose and not to bend down until several hours after the bleeding episode. If bleeding lasts for more than 30 minutes. Or if the casualty is on anti-coagulant drugs, take or send them to the A&E. If the patient suffers from frequent nosebleeds they should be advised to make an appointment with the doctor. Nose Bleed

4. Particles of dirt or dust in the eye can be washed out with cold tap water. Make sure that the water does not run into the good eye. Chemicals in the eye should be treated in the same way, ensuring abundant amounts of water are used. Call 999 for an ambulance. If the injury is more serious: Keep the casualty still. Gently cover the eye with a soft sterile dressing. Tell the casualty to close their good eye, as movement of this will cause movement in the injured eye. Take the casualty to A & E or call 999 for an ambulance. Eye Injury