Notes on CPC part 1(Self)-I For Lecture.ppt

Cpcnotes

1. CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE, 1908
Introduction:-
ItconsolidatesthelawrelatingtoprocedureofCivil
Courts.
SchemeoftheAct:-Ithas158sectionsinthefirst
part(themainpart)and51ORDERSinthesecond
partcontainingRules.
TheSectionscontainthefundamentalprinciples,
andthuscreatejurisdiction,whereastheRulesdeal
withthedetailedprocedureastohowthe
jurisdictionshouldbeexercised.

2. Some Basic Terms (S.2)
1) Decree (2)
2) Decree-holder (3)
3) Government Pleader (7)
4) Judge (8)
5) Judgement (9)
6) Judgement-debtor (10)
7) Legal representatives (11)
8) Mesne profits (12)
(9) Order (14)

3. Parties to a Suit
Parties -The rival set of contesting persons in a suit;
Suit -An original civil Proceeding between two or more rivals;
Plaintiff-The party approaching the Court seeking relief;
Defendant -The party against whom the suit is filed and relief
sought;
There may be more than one plaintiff or defendant in a single suit
-the qualification is that the right of relief should arise out of the
same act or acts or transactions (Order I Rule 3 CPC);
The Court can however itself order separate trials to preclude
embarrassment or delay (Order I Rule 3 and 3 (A);

4. Necessary and Proper
parties
Apartyisconsidered“necessary”inasuitifthefactsofthecaseindicate
thatnoeffectiveormeaningfuldecisioncanbearrivedatinhisabsence,e.g,
atenanthimselfinasuitforevictingasub-tenant;
In the event of a necessary party not having been joined in the suit;
•The suit is liable to be defeated (due tonon-joinder; Order I Rule 9,
Privso);
Sometimesanunnecessarypartyisjoinedinthesuit,e.g.,theminorsonof
atenantinasuitforevictioneventhoughresidingwithhisfather;
oButthesuitdoesnotsufferforsuchmis-joinder(OrderIrule9CPC);
Objectionsagainst mis-joinder or non-joinder of parties to be taken at the
earliest opportunity(Order I Rule 13);
Court can strike out or add parties in its discretion Suo motto or on the
application of any party (Order I Rule 10 (2)CPC );

5. Pleadings (Orders VI to VIII CPC)
Pleadingmeans plaint or written
statement (Order VI Rule 1);
Plaint-Thedetailedapplicationsubmitted
bytheplaintiffinCourtseekingrelief
againstthedefendant;
WrittenStatement–Thedefendants’
detailedreplytothePlaintfiledtocontest
thesuit;

6. Pleadings Generally (Order VI)
Pleadings are only statements of Material
facts; not evidence(R. 2);
Pleadings require particulars of alleged
breaches, or the conditions precedent (Rs.
4 & 6);
Pleadings signed by party and pleader (R.
14);
Disclosure of party’s registered address
(R. 14A);
Pleadings to be verified (R. 15);

7. Amendment of pleadings
(Order VI Rule 17)
oNormally parties not permitted to amend;
oAmendments however may be allowed for
determining “ the real questions in
controversy”;
oTerms and conditions may be imposed by
Court;
oNormally no amendment after
commencement of trial;
oRejection of amendment in spite of
obtaining leave (R. 18);

8. Plaint (Order VII):-
Contents (R.1):-
Name of Court,
Particulars of Plaintiff,
Particulars of Defendant
Statement of either party’s special status,
Cause of action and its date of accrual,
Showing Court’s jurisdiction,
Relief claimed,
Amount of relinquishment / Set-off;
Valuation for Court-Fees;

9. Contents of Plaint (Contd.)
Precise amount in Money suits (R. 2);
Approximate amount or value in some cases
(proviso);
Description of immovable property (Rule 3);
Plaintiff’s status as representative (Rule 4);
Defendant’s interest and liability (Rule 5);
Grounds for exemption from limitation (Rule 6);
Specific statement of relief (Rule 7);

10. Return of Plaint (Rule 10 )
For presentation in proper Court;
After intimation to defendant (Rule 10A);
Rejection of Plaint (Rule 11)
No cause of action;
Undervalued and failure to correct valuation;
Insufficiently stamped;
Barred by any law;
Failure to correct clerical errors like not filing of sufficient copies;
Documents relied upon to be annexed (R. 14)

11. Written Statement, Set-off & Counter-claim
(Order VIII)
WS to be filed within 30 / 90 days of service (R. 1);
WS to contain:-
Documents relied upon in a defence (R. 1A);
Specific plea of new facts (R. 2);
Specific denials (3); No evasive denials (4);
Failure to deny specifically causes presumption of admission subject to
Court’s discretion (R. 5);
Particulars of set-off (Rule 6);

12. Counter Claim by defendant (Rule 6 A)
Counter Claim is in a way the defendant’s
own plaint against plaintiff;
Treated as a cross-suit;
Plaintiff to file WS;
To be governed by rules of a plaint;