NRIPENDRAKUMARBEDI[1]-1.psdfkjngfgdsjfhuptx

sydfytgfygsiygfystdgfnygfygeyfs

1. INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY Structural Behaviour Of Water Transmissible Pavement Under Class A Loading. Presented by Nripendra Kumar Bedi Enrolment number:2300103825 M.Tech Structural Engineering First Year Second Semester Supervisor: Mr. Zishan Raza Khan Associate Professor Department of Civil Engineering Integral University

2. TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION LITERATURE REVIEW

3. INTRODUCTION Permeable pavement surfaces allow water to flow through them, either due to their porous material or nonporous blocks with gaps that enable water movement. Made from materials like porous concrete, porous asphalt, or interlocking pavers with gaps between them. Permeable pavement is often used in parking lots, sidewalks, driveways, and low-traffic roadways. These pavements can enhance the overall quality of urban infrastructure. Permeable pavements can be retrofitted into existing infrastructure to improve stormwater management. Permeable pavements can be designed to minimize maintenance requirements. Permeable pavements can contribute to achieving sustainable development goals.

4. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 1 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Assessment of Field Compaction of Aggregate Base Materials for Permeable Pavements Based on Plate Load Tests Yong-Jin Choi , Donghyun Ahn Tan Hung Nguyen Jaehun Ahn https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103817 2018 Research Paper It focuses on the behavior of open-graded aggregates used in permeable pavements, which are less studied compared to dense-graded materials The research investigates the compaction quality of open-graded aggregates through field experiments, using plate load tests to evaluate mechanical behaviors at various compaction levels. The paper discusses the challenges of using density-based quality control for open-graded aggregates and suggests modulus-based methods as a more effective alternative for assessing compaction quality The study highlights the advantages of permeable pavements in reducing surface runoff and preventing water contamination by allowing stormwater to infiltrate through the pavement

5. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 2 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE A Study on the Design Depth of Permeable Road Pavement through Dynamic Load Experiment Chun- Hua Hsing   Jun-Han Siao   Yu-Min Wang   https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134391 2022 Article The study found that the permeable road pavement’s strain and stress curves exhibit asymmetry due to the viscoelastic property of the open-grade friction course. The mechanical variations of the pavement are significantly affected by the axle configuration and changes in traffic speed. Based on regression models and construction uncertainty , the recommended design depth for permeable pavement is 30 cm to accommodate heavy traffic load. A combination of open-graded friction concrete, porous asphalt concrete, and permeable cement concrete is proposed for the pavement design.

6. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 3 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Dynamic Response of Fully Permeable Pavements Development of Pore Pressures under Different Modes of Loading Guoyang Lu Tom Törzs Pengfei Liu Zeyu Zhang4 Dawei Wang Markus Oeser Jürgen Grabe https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0003217 2020 Research Paper The paper discusses the dynamic response of fully permeable pavements, particularly focusing on the development of pore pressures under different loading conditions . The study investigates the performance of fully permeable pavements (FPP) and the influence of saturation on pore pressure development under different loading. It is found that pore water pressure significantly affects the bearing capacity of permeable pavement structures, with higher pressures observed under increased saturation. The findings suggest that understanding the stress state and degradation mechanisms in FPP is crucial for their wide application and durability in urban infrastructure.

7. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 4 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Structural Analysis of Pervious Concrete Pavement Mary Vancura Kevin MacDonald Lev Khazanovich https://doi.org/10.3141/2226-02 2011 Research Paper The paper focuses on the structural analysis and design of pervious concrete pavement , which is used as a pavement material. The study suggests that with appropriate thickness, base material, and depth, pervious concrete can provide adequate bearing capacity. The paper concludes that pervious concrete pavements can be effectively analyzed using existing models and that they have a promising structural performance when designed correctly. The study finds that pervious concrete has a lower modulus of elasticity compared to conventional concrete, suggesting a need for specific design adjustments.

8. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 5 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Effects of Different Factors on the Performance of Recycled Aggregate Permeable Pavement Concrete Ruidong Wu Shuning Shi Yu Shen Chen Hu Mengfei Luo Zichen Gan Bin Xiao Zeyu Wang https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15134566 2022 Research Paper The best performance is achieved when the ratio of small to large stones is 5:5, with a water binder ratio of 0.25 or 0.3, resulting in high compressive strength and good permeability. Using recycled aggregate up to a 50% replacement rate for ordinary aggregate does not significantly affect the strength, making it a viable option for sustainable construction. Incorporating fly ash reduces compressive strength initially but can improve long-term strength and permeability. The optimal replacement of cement with fly ash is 12%. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of recycled aggregate in permeable pavement concrete, contributing to the construction of 'sponge cities’.

9. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 6 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Pervious concrete under flexural fatigue loading: Performance evaluation and model development Othman AlShareedah Somayeh Nassiri Daniel Dolan https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.111 2019 Research Paper The study conducted tests on Pervious concrete with varying porosities and aggregate types to understand its fatigue life under different stress ratios. It was found that the fatigue life of Pervious Concrete is mainly controlled by the stress ratio, and porosity does not significantly affect the fatigue behavior 2 . The proposed fatigue models can be utilized in the thickness design of Pervious Concrete pavements, enhancing the understanding of Pervious Concrete’ s structural behavior under cyclic loading. This research contributes to the pavement design field by providing a model for predicting the fatigue life of pervious concrete, which is crucial for its use in infrastructure. .

10. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 7 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Structural and hydrological design of permeable concrete pavements Alalea Kia Jasmine M Delens Hong S. Wong C.R. Cheeseman http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2021.e00564 2021 Article The paper discusses the design of a new type of permeable concrete pavement, known as high-strength clogging resistant permeable pavement (CRP) , which addresses the limitations of conventional permeable pavements. Structural and Hydrological Benefits : CRP offers several advantages, including the ability to handle severe rainfall run-off volumes with low porosity suitability for both light and heavy load-bearing applications, and reduced pavement depth leading to material cost savings . The unique properties of CRP, such as the possibility of steel reinforcement, suggest it could be used in a broader range of infrastructure projects to improve urban flood resilience.

11. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 8 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Evaluation of Surface Infiltration Testing Procedures in Permeable Pavement Systems Robert A. Brown Michael Borst https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000808 2014 Article The paper evaluates different methods for testing surface infiltration in permeable pavement systems and suggests improvements for more accurate assessments. The study compares monthly random location testing with quarterly fixed location testing to measure surface infiltration rates of different permeable pavements. ASTM Method Applicability : The ASTM C1701 method may be suitable for permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP) , but further evaluation is needed for porous asphalt (PA). Future testing should strategically select fixed locations based on expected clogging patterns and use less water to enable more tests over the pavement surface area.

12. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 9 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Investigation on permanent deformation of unbound granular material base for permeable pavement: Laboratory and field study Ming Jia Hui Li Guibao Ma Xue Zhang Bing Yang Yu Tian Yi Zhang https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtst.2022.03.003 2022 Article The paper investigates the permanent deformation of Unbound Granular Material (UGM) bases used in permeable pavements, focusing on laboratory and field studies to develop a deformation prediction model. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding UGM base deformation due to its role in pavement durability and performance. A model is developed to predict permanent deformation of UGM bases under varied stress states, combining laboratory and field test data. The findings aim to improve pavement structure design and construction quality control by providing a method to estimate UGM base deformation.

13. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 10 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Performance evaluation of semi-flexible permeable pavements under cyclic loads Mahdi M. Disfani Alireza Mohammadinia Guillermo A. Narsilio & Lu Aye https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2018.1475666 2018 Article The paper discusses the performance of semi-flexible permeable pavements under cyclic loads.focusing on the use of tyre -derived aggregates (TDAs) mixed with crushed rock (CR) to enhance flexibility while maintaining load-bearing capacity. The study explores a pavement structure that transitions from semi-rigid due to CR aggregates to more flexible with higher TDA content. It investigates the impact of different blends of rigid-rigid and flexible-rigid inter-particular contacts on the pavement’s load-bearing mechanism. The paper compares plastic and recoverable deformations of the blends under monotonic and repeated loadings.

14. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 11 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Review of permeable pavement systems Miklas Scholz , Piotr Grabowiecki https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.11.016 2007 Review paper Permeable pavements help reduce surface runoff, improve water quality, and recharge groundwater. The paper reviews various permeable pavement systems, including porous asphalt, pervious concrete, and interlocking concrete pavers. Factors affecting the performance of these systems include material properties, design, and maintenance practices. Permeable pavements are suitable for parking lots, driveways, and low-traffic roads.

15. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 12 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Review of environmental performance of permeable pavement systems: state of the knowledge Jennifer A. P. Drake, Andrea Bradford and Jiri Marsalek https://doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2013.055 2013 Review paper The paper reviews the environmental benefits of permeable pavement systems, highlighting their ability to manage stormwater and reduce runoff. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding permeable pavements, including their design, implementation, and performance. The authors identify gaps in existing research and suggest areas where further studies are needed to improve the understanding and effectiveness of these systems. The paper includes numerous references to support its findings and discussions.

16. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 13 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Long-term stormwater quantity and quality performance of permeable pavement systems Benjamin O. Brattebo , Derek B. Booth* https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00410-X 2003 Review paper The study evaluates the long-term stormwater quantity and quality performance of permeable pavement systems. It highlights the effectiveness of these systems in managing stormwater runoff and improving water quality. The research underscores the sustainability benefits of using permeable pavements in urban areas. The paper includes multiple references for further reading and validation of the findings.

17. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 14 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE A new structure of permeable pavement for mitigating urban heat island Yong Liu, Tian Li ⁎, Hangyu Peng https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.041 2018 Review paper The paper introduces a new type of permeable pavement designed to mitigate the urban heat island effect. This pavement structure is shown to significantly reduce surface temperatures in urban areas. The study highlights the positive environmental impact of using permeable pavements, including improved water infiltration and reduced runoff. The findings suggest that this new pavement structure can be practically implemented in urban planning to enhance sustainability.

18. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 15 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Permeable Pavement as a Hydraulic and Filtration Interface for Urban Drainage J. Sansalone , M.ASCE1 ; X. Kuang2 ; and V. Ranieri3 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2008)134:5(666) 2008 Review paper The study evaluates the effectiveness of permeable pavement in managing urban runoff, showing its potential to reduce surface water flow. Highlights the pavement’s ability to filter pollutants from stormwater , improving water quality. Research suggests that permeable pavement can be a viable solution for urban drainage systems, addressing both flooding and pollution issues. The paper includes multiple references to support its findings and methodologies.

19. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 16 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE A comprehensive numerical analysis of the hydraulic behavior of a permeable pavement Giuseppe Brunetti, Jiř í Šimůnek, Patrizia Piro https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.07.030 2016 Review paper The study provides a detailed analysis of how permeable pavements manage water flow and infiltration. It uses advanced numerical models to simulate the hydraulic behavior under various conditions. The findings highlight the potential benefits of permeable pavements in reducing urban runoff and improving water quality. The research offers insights into the design and implementation of permeable pavements in urban planning.

20. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 17 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Field investigation of clogging in a permeable pavement system Terry Lucke & Simon Beecham https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2011.602182 2011 Review paper The study investigates how permeable pavement systems can become clogged over time, affecting their performance. Real-world data was collected to understand the extent and nature of clogging in these systems. The findings provide valuable information on how to maintain and manage permeable pavements to ensure their long-term effectiveness. The research highlights the environmental benefits of using permeable pavements, despite the challenges of clogging.

21. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 18 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Pore-structure models of hydraulic conductivity for permeable pavement X. Kuang a , J. Sansalone b,⇑ , G. Ying b , V. Ranieri c https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.024 2011 Review paper The paper discusses various models to understand the hydraulic conductivity of permeable pavements, focusing on how pore structure affects water flow. It includes experimental data and analysis to validate the proposed models. The findings are significant for urban planning and stormwater management , providing insights into designing more effective permeable pavements. The paper contains numerous references to previous studies and research in the field.

22. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 19 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE A Systematic Review of the Hydrological, Environmental and Durability Performance of Permeable Pavement Systems Mariacrocetta Sambito 1,* , Alessandro Severino 2 , Gabriele Freni 3 and Larysa Neduzha 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084509 2021 Review paper The study reviews how permeable pavement systems manage stormwater , reducing runoff and promoting groundwater recharge. It examines the environmental benefits, such as reducing urban heat islands and improving water quality. The paper assesses the long-term durability and maintenance requirements of permeable pavements. The paper includes numerous references to support its findings and conclusions.

23. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 20 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Water Quality Improvement Performance of Geotextiles Within Permeable Pavement Systems: A Critical Review Miklas Scholz https://doi.org/10.3390/w5020462 2013 Review paper Geotextiles significantly enhance water quality by filtering pollutants in permeable pavement systems. They are effective in removing various contaminants, including heavy metals and hydrocarbons. The efficiency of geotextiles depends on factors like material type, installation method, and environmental conditions. The paper suggests further research to optimize geotextile performance and long-term sustainability.

24. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 21 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Study of the Durability of a Fully Permeable Asphalt Pavement Structure Based on the Accelerated Pavement Test Method under Saturated Conditions   Zhihao  Yang   Linbing  Wang,    Bin Xu, .   Shulian  Li     Dongwei  Cao,  . Rui  Dong 2021 Review paper The study used an accelerated pavement test method under saturated conditions to evaluate the durability of fully permeable asphalt pavement . Porous cement concrete pavement showed better bearing capacity than porous cement-stabilized macadam. Structures A and D are recommended for mixed road surfaces and parking lots, while Structures B and C are suitable for sidewalks, squares, and inner roads of communities. Using a gravel cushion and antifilter geotextile can enhance the overall durability of the pavement.

25. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 22 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Water Transmissible Pavement: A physics of Granular Sub-base Permeability through Road Dust Analysis using Machine Learning Zishan Raza Khan  *   and Syed Aqeel Ahmad and Vikas Singh https://doi.org/10.56042/ijpap.v62i4.7768 2024 Review paper Rapid urbanization has led to increased impermeable surfaces, causing stormwater runoff issues. These pavements help manage stormwater by allowing water to percolate through their layers, reducing runoff. The study focuses on the clogging potential of permeable pavements due to road dust, using machine learning models to predict and analyze this behavior. GSB-III shows the best clog resistance under high dust loads, while GSB-V and GSB-VI are suitable for areas with lower dust loads.

26. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 23 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Permeable pavement used on sustainable drainage systems (SUDs): a synthetic review of recent literature M. Marchioni & G. Becciu 10.2495/UW140161 2014 Review paper Permeable pavements significantly reduce runoff volume by allowing water to infiltrate through their structure. These pavements enhance water quality by removing pollutants through sedimentation, filtration, adsorption, biodegradation, and volatilization. They contribute to sustainable urban drainage by mimicking natural pre-development conditions and reducing the impact of urbanization. Proper design and maintenance can extend the lifespan of permeable pavements, ensuring they remain effective over time.

27. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 24 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Experimental Infiltration Tests on Existing Permeable Pavement Surfaces Sara Simona Cipolla1 Marco Maglionico1 Irena Stojkov2 https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201400550 2016 Review paper The study aims to evaluate the infiltration performance of existing permeable pavement surfaces. Experimental infiltration tests were conducted on various permeable pavement surfaces. The results highlight the effectiveness of permeable pavements in managing stormwater and reducing surface runoff. The study suggests that permeable pavements can be a sustainable solution for urban water management. If you need more details, feel free to ask!

28. LITERATURE REVIEW FOR PAPER 25 PAPER TITLE AUTHOR / PUBLICATION DOI YEAR / TYPE OF PAPER INFERENCE Evaluation of a new experimental test procedure to more accurately determine the surface infiltration rate of permeable pavement systems Terry Luckea *, Floris Boogaardb,c and Frans van de Venc https://doi.org/10.1080/21650020.2014.893200 2014 Review paper The paper evaluates a new experimental test procedure designed to more accurately determine the surface infiltration rate of permeable pavement systems. The new method aims to provide more precise measurements compared to traditional methods. The findings can help in better designing and maintaining permeable pavements, which are crucial for urban planning and water management.

29. INFERENCES Types Of Pavements:-

30. RESEARCH GAP From the above research papers it can be concluded that no work on Structural Behaviour Of Water Transmissible Pavement in submerge condtions Under Class A Loading have been done.