Nutrients & Deficiency disease

Deficiency diseases

1. Nutrients & deficiency disease K . Mamta Biological science

2. Nutrients The constituents of the food which are essential for the body are called nutrients. Types of nutrients Carbohydrates - Provide energy Proteins - Help in growth Fats - Provide energy Vitamins - Help in physiological activities Minerals - Act as regulators in physiological activities Water - Transports food, regulates body temperature .

3. carbohydrates

4. P rotein

5. fats

6. Vitamins & Minerals

7. W ater

8. Water content in vegetables, fruits and food items Name of the food Water melon Cucumber Mushroom Milk Potato Egg A bread slice Water content 99% 95% 92 % 87 % 75 % 73 % 25%

9. Deficiency Diseases: Diseases caused due to the deficiency of nutrients in food that we eat are called deficiency disease Deficiency diseases and their symptoms Nutrient : Protein Food source : Fish, meat, egg(albumin), milk, peas, cereals Deficiency disease : Kwashiorkar (children from 1-5 age) Symptoms : retarded growth, potbelly, swollen limbs

10. Nutrient : Protein Food source : Fish, meat, egg(albumin), milk, peas, cereals Deficiency disease : Marasmus Symptoms : Thin limbs, weak appearance, enlarged head, loss of weight, retarded physical and mental growth.

11. Nutrients : Vitamin A Food source : Fish liver oil, egg, milk, ghee, butter, carrot, corn, yellow fruits, greens. Deficiency disease : Night blindness Symptoms : Defective vision, blindness in dim light

12. Nutrients : Vitamin B Food source : Whole grains, pulses, unpolished rice, milk, fish, meat, peas, gram, raw vegetables Deficiency disease : Beri-beri Symptoms : Unhealthy nerve, muscle fatigue

13. Nutrients : Vitamin C Food source : Orange, lemon, gooseberry, green chillies , tomato. Deficiency disease : Scurvy Symptoms : Bleeding gums

14. Nutrition : Vitamin D Food source : Fish-liver oil, milk, egg. It is also synthesised by the skin with the help of sunlight. Deficiency disease : Rickets Symptoms : Weak and bow bones

15. Nutrition : Vitamin E Food source : Vegetable oils, green vegetables, whole wheat, Mango, Apple, Greens Deficiency disease : Infertility Symptoms : Sterility and reduction of immunity

16. Nutrition : Vitamin K Food source : Green vegetables, Tomato, Cabbage, Egg, Milk and milk products. Deficiency disease : Hemorrhage (blood does not clot) Symptoms : Loss of excessive blood even for a small wound

17. Minerals Nutrients : Iodine Food source : Milk, Iodized Salt, Prawn, Crab Deficiency disease : Goitre Symptoms : Inflammation in neck

18. Nutrients : Calcium Food source : Milk, Fish, Wheat, Green Gram Deficiency disease : Disintegration of bones and teeth Symptoms : Weak bones and teeth.

19. Nutrients: Iron Food source : Meat, Apple, Greens, Dates Deficiency disease : Anaemia Symptoms : Body fatigue, Giddiness.