nutrients_nutrients_interaction_3[1].pptx

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1. MINER A LS

2. Calcium The following nutrients impact the absorption, utilization and/or excretion of calcium: Vitamin D accelerates the absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract. High consumption of potassium reduces the urinary excretion of calcium. High intakes of sodium, caffeine, or protein cause an increase in the urinary excretion of calcium.

3. Copper Copper is known to react with a variety of other nutrients like iron, zinc, molybdenum, sulfur, selenium, and vitamin C. Iron and zinc—interfere with absorption of copper. Zinc supplements, when taken at 50 milligrams or more on a daily basis over an extended period of time, can lower availability of copper.

4. Iron The most advantageous nutrient for helping to increase the absorption of plant-food iron is vitamin C, 25 milligrams of vitamin C may as much as double the absorption of plant food iron from that meal. Copper is another key nutrient for supporting iron metabolism. In this case, it is transport of iron around the body that relies in many ways on the presence of copper. So important is this relationship that iron-deficiency anemia may sometimes reflect the more basic underlying problem of copper deficiency.

5. Interaction of potassium with other nutrient Through a mechanism known as the "sodium-potassium" pump, sodium and potassium work together closely to initiate muscle contraction and nerve transmission, and to maintain the body's normal distribution of fluid. Most of the potassium in body is stored inside of cells, while most of the sodium in body is stored in the fluid that surrounds cells. During muscle contraction and nerve transmission, potassium leaves the cell and sodium enters the cell via the "sodium-potassium pump." This transfer causes a change in electrical charge within the cell, which initiates the muscle contraction or the nerve impulse. Because sodium attracts water, once the muscle contraction or nerve impulse is initiated, the sodium is immediately pumped out of the cell to prevent water from entering the cell and causing the cell to swell or burst, and potassium is pumped back into the cell. Potassium

6. Interaction of zinc with other nutrient A Tolerable Upper Limit (UL) for zinc of 40 milligrams per day was set by the National Academy of Sciences in 2000 for all adults 19 years and older. The establishment of this limit was largely related to the ability of zinc - particularly supplemental zinc - to impair the status of other nutrients. The most important of these nutrients are copper and calcium . Even at moderate doses of 18-20 milligrams that can easily be obtained from food, zinc can compromise the body's supply of copper unless foods rich in copper are also included in the diet. Zinc

7. Interaction of iodine with other nutrient The conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodthyronine (T3) requires the removal of an iodine molecule from T4. This reaction requires the mineral selenium. The iodine molecule that is removed gets returned to the body's pool of iodine and can be reused to make additional thyroid hormones. If body is deficient in selenium , the conversion of T4 to T3 is slowed, and less iodine is available for the thryoid to use in making new hormones. Iodine

8. Interaction of selenium with other nutrient Selenium is indirectly responsible for keeping the body's supply of at least three other nutrients intact: these three other nutrients are vitamin C , glutathione, and vitamin E . Although the chemistry of these relationships is complicated, it centers around an enzyme (protein molecule in the body that helps "jump start" a chemical reaction) called glutathione peroxidase. This enzyme cannot function without selenium. Both iron deficiency and copper deficiency appear to increase the risk of selenium deficiency. Selenium

9. Interaction of manganese with other nutrient High doses of manganese may inhibit the absorption of iron, copper, and zinc . Alternatively, high intakes of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iron , copper and zinc may inhibit the absorption of manganese. Manganese

10. Interaction of magnesium with other nutrient The relationship between magnesium and calcium is one of the most actively researched, and yet not fully understood mineral-to-mineral relationships. On one hand, magnesium is required in order for calcium to maintain a balanced role in the body's metabolism. On the other hand, magnesium can compete with calcium and prevent calcium from trigger certain events, like the relay of a nerve message or the contraction of a muscle. Because of the complex relationship between calcium and magnesium, healthy diets almost always need to contain foods rich in both minerals. Magnesium also has an important relationship with potassium , and helps regulate the movement of potassium in and out of our cells . Magnesium

11. Interaction of chromium with other nutrient Diets high in simple sugars increase the urinary excretion of chromium and rob the body of some of the chromium it needs. Diets rich in whole grains can also decrease absorption of chromium, since whole grains contain a compound called phytic acid, which can bind to chromium, form an insoluble complex, and prevent it from being absorbed . Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) increases the absorption of chromium. Chromium