OBE Agricultural Economics Curriculum (1).pdf

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1. Outcome Based Curriculum Review for B.Sc. Agricultural Economics program

Revised by:
No Name University
1.
Lidiya Mekonen
[email protected] [phone]
Haramaya University
2.
Belayneh Yohannes
Email:[email protected] ([phone])
Mekdela Amba University
3.
Gurmesa Baisa
Email: [email protected] ([phone])
Jinka University

Adama, Ethiopia
June, 2025

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Table of Contents
Contents Page
Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………………………… 5
1.INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………… 6
1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................. 6
1.2 Rationale of the Program ......................................................................................................... 7
2.Vision and Mission …………………………………… …..………………………………………. 8
2.1. Vision of the University ......................................................................................................... 8
2.2. Mission of the University ...................................................................................................... 8
3. Vision and Mission of the Program…………………………… ………………………………. 9
3.1. Vision of the Program ............................................................................................................ 9
3.2. Mission of the Program .......................................................................................................... 9
4. PROGRAM OBJECTIVE AND LEARNING OUTCOMES .............................................. 10
4.1. Program Education Outcomes ............................................................................................. 10
4.2. Program Learning Outcome .................................................................................................. 11
5. PROGRAM PROFILE ......................................................................................................... 13
5.1. Graduate (Professional) Profile ............................................................................................. 13
5.2. Admission Requirement ....................................................................................................... 15
5.3. Graduation Requirements ..................................................................................................... 15
5.4. Duration of the Program ....................................................................................................... 16
5.5. Mode of Delivery ................................................................................................................. 16
5.6. Degree Nomenclature ........................................................................................................... 16
5.7. Assessment and Evaluation Systems ..................................................................................... 16
5.7.1. General Assessment and Evaluation Methods ................................................................ 16
5.7.2. Grading System ............................................................................................................. 17
6. RESOURCES AND FACILITIES……………… ……………………………………………… 18
7. Quality Assurance Mechanisms………………………………………………………………. 19
8. Description of the course code Assignment……………………………………………………. 19
8.1. Course Categories.............................................................................................................. 20

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8.2. Course Breakdown ............................................................................................................... 22
8.3. Second Year........................................................................................................................ 26
8.3.1. Microeconomics I (AgEc 211) ...................................................................................... 26
8.3.2. Introduction to Statistics (Stat 221) ............................................................................ 30
8.3.3. Principles of Accounting (Acct 231) ............................................................................ 34
8.3.4. Crop Production and Management (Plsc 241) ............................................................ 38
8.3.5. Animal Production and Management (AnSc 251) ...................................................... 43
8.3.6. Sociology (Soci 261) ..................................................................................................... 48
8.3.7. Inclusiveness (SNIE 212) ............................................................................................. 52
8.3.8. Microeconomics-II (AgEc 212) .................................................................................... 58
8.3.9. Macroeconomics-I (AgEc 222) .................................................................................... 63
8.3.10. Statistics for Economists (AgEc 232)......................................................................... 69
8.3.11. Introduction to Agricultural Extension (RDAE 242) ................................................ 72
8.3.12. Natural Resource Management (NRM 252) ............................................................. 76
8.3.13. Farm Power and Machinery (AgEn 262) .................................................................. 84
8.3.14. Gender and Youth in Development (RDAE 272) ...................................................... 88
8.4. Third Year ...................................................................................................................... 93
8.4.1. Mathematics for Economists (AgEc 311) .................................................................... 93
8.4.2. Macroeconomics II (AgEc 321) ................................................................................... 98
8.4.3. Farm Management (AgEc 331) ................................................................................. 103
8.4.4. Research Methods for Agricultural Economics (AgEc 341) ..................................... 107
8.4.5. Ethiopian Economy (AgEc 351) ................................................................................ 112
8.4.6. Seminar in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 461) ....................................................... 115
8.4.7. Global Trends (GlTr1012) ......................................................................................... 118
8.4.8. Econometrics (AgEc 312) .......................................................................................... 126
8.4.9. Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 322) .............................. 129
8.4.10. Operations Research in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 332) ................................ 133
8.4.11. Agricultural Credit and Finance (AgEc 342) .......................................................... 138
8.4.12. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis (AgEc 352) .......................................... 142

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8.4.13. History of Economic Thoughts (AgEc 362) ............................................................. 147
8.4.14. Senior Research Proposal (AgEc 372) ..................................................................... 152
8.5. Forth Year ......................................................................................................................... 155
8.5.1. International Agricultural Trade (AgEc 411) ........................................................... 155
8.5.2. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics (AgEc 421) ................................ 160
8.5.3. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperatives Management (ABVM 431) ............. 164
8.5.4. Food and Agricultural Policy (AgEc 441) ................................................................. 168
8.5.5. Practical Attachment (AgEc 451) .............................................................................. 174
8.5.6. Value Chain Analysis and Development (ABVM 222) ............................................. 175
8.5.7. Entrepreneurship (Mgmt 411) ................................................................................... 180
8.5.8. History of Ethiopia and the Horn (Hist 1012) .......................................................... 185
8.5.9. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis (AgEc 412) .......................................... 193
8.5.10. Agricultural Marketing (AgEc 422) ........................................................................ 197
8.5.11. Institutional and Behavioral Economics (AgEc 432) .............................................. 202
8.5.12. Development Economics (AgEc 442) ....................................................................... 208
8.5.13. Economics of Climate Change (AgEc 462) ............................................................. 212
8.5.14. Senior Research Project (AgEc 472) ....................................................................... 218
8.5.15. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (FSPT 412) ............................................................ 221

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Executive Summary
The B.Sc. in Agricultural Economics is a forward-looking program designed to equip graduates with
the knowledge and practical skills needed to address Ethiopia’s agricultural and socio-economic
challenges. Delivered over four years (eight semesters), the program awards a Bachelor of Science
(B.Sc.) degree in Agricultural Economics (Amharic: “የሳይንስ ባችለር ዲግሪ በግብርና ምጣኔ
ሐብት”). It aligns with Outcome-Based Education (OBE) reforms introduced by the Ministry of
Education and incorporates the National Indigenous Knowledge (IK) Framework, enabling students
to combine modern innovations with traditional practices for sustainable, context-specific solutions.
The revised curriculum emphasizes analytical, quantitative, and practical competencies, bridging the
gap between theory and application. Students build strong foundations in econometrics, agricultural
price and market analysis, risk management, policy evaluation, rural development economics, and
sustainable resource use. Training in advanced software such as R, SPSS, and STATA enhances their
ability to analyze data and generate actionable insights. Interdisciplinary by design, the program
integrates economics, agronomy, environmental science, agribusiness, and indigenous practices.
Learning is further enriched through fieldwork, internships, case studies, and industry collaboration.
Graduates are prepared for diverse career paths in agricultural policy analysis, market research,
agribusiness consulting, financial institutions, development organizations, and academic research. The
program also provides a strong foundation for advanced studies in agricultural economics, economics,
and related disciplines. Overall, the B.Sc. in Agricultural Economics is a modern, market-responsive,
and socially relevant program that produces competent, innovative, and socially responsible
professionals capable of driving Ethiopia’s agricultural transformation and contributing to broader
socio-economic development.

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Agriculture remains the backbone of the Ethiopian economy, employing the majority of the population
and contributing significantly to national GDP, food security, and export earnings. However, despite
its potential, the sector continues to face challenges related to low productivity, limited market
integration, and vulnerability to climate variability. Addressing these challenges requires a new
generation of professionals equipped with advanced knowledge, practical skills, and the ability to
innovate within complex and changing environments.
Recognizing this, the Ethiopian government has implemented a series of strategic reforms aimed at
transforming both the agricultural and education sectors. Notably, the introduction of Outcome-Based
Education (OBE) by the Ministry of Education marks a major shift in the design and delivery of
higher education programs. OBE emphasizes the integration of theory and practice, the development
of critical thinking and problem-solving skills, and the preparation of graduates who can meet labor
market demands and contribute meaningfully to community development.
In parallel, the National Indigenous Knowledge (IK) Framework calls for embedding local
knowledge into formal education. This approach safeguards Ethiopia’s cultural and ecological heritage
while enhancing the relevance of education by linking scientific knowledge with traditional practices.
Students are encouraged to integrate modern innovations with indigenous wisdom, thereby building
context-specific, sustainable solutions to local challenges.
The Department of Agricultural Economics at Haramaya University, established in 1960, has a long-
standing tradition of excellence in training professionals for Ethiopia’s agricultural sector. To maintain
its relevance and effectiveness in the face of national reforms and global trends, the department has
undertaken a comprehensive review and revision of its B.Sc. Agricultural Economics program,
Haramaya University in collaboration with Mekdela Amba University and Jinka University. This
joint effort ensures alignment with national policy directions, labor market needs, and the expectations
of stakeholders.

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The revision transforms the curriculum into an Outcome-Based Education (OBE) framework,
enhancing its relevance, effectiveness, and student-centeredness. Unlike the previous curriculum,
which provided only a foundational approach, the new design emphasizes clear learning outcomes,
deeper conceptual understanding, and practical competencies that prepare students for a wide range of
professional roles. The program is structured to bridge the gap between academic theory and real-
world applications, making graduates more competitive and adaptable in a dynamic labor market.
This repair was driven by the rapid transformation of Ethiopia’s agricultural sector, the increasing
need for interdisciplinary skills, and the demand for graduates who can integrate economic analysis
with innovations in agriculture, natural resource management, and development policy. By embedding
modern scientific approaches with indigenous knowledge, the revised program equips students with
the ability to generate sustainable, context-specific solutions and to play a meaningful role in
Ethiopia’s agricultural and socio-economic transformation.
1.2 Rationale of the Program
Curriculum review is an ongoing, dynamic process that requires a proactive approach to ensure that
educational programs remain relevant, competitive, and responsive to societal needs. The revision of
the BSc Agricultural Economics curriculum is driven by several key considerations:
 Policy Compliance: The revised curriculum aligns with national and institutional standards,
including the Ministry of Education’s shift toward Outcome -Based Education. This ensures
that graduates possess the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required by Ethiopia’s Ten-Year
Strategic Plan and the Home-Grown Economic Reform agenda.
 Student Competitiveness: By updating course content, introducing new subjects, and
incorporating modern pedagogical methods, the program equips students with up-to-date
competencies that enhance their employability in a rapidly changing job market.
 Market Responsiveness: The revision process takes into account the evolving demands of the
labor market, including the growing role of the private sector, agro-industries, cooperatives,
financial institutions, and research organizations. Graduates are trained to be adaptive,
innovative, and capable of addressing real-world economic and agricultural challenges.

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 Integration of Indigenous Knowledge: In line with the National IK Framework, the
curriculum promotes the integration of indigenous knowledge with modern science. This
enhances the relevance of education, supports community development, and fosters
sustainable, context-specific problem-solving skills.
 Enhanced Learning Experience: The revised curriculum incorporates active learning
methods, practical fieldwork, case studies, and other learner-centered approaches. This
enriches the overall learning experience and better prepares students for professional and civic
engagement.
Generally, the revised BSc Agricultural Economics program is designed to produce well-rounded,
competent, and socially responsible graduates who can contribute to Ethiopia’s agricultural
transformation and broader socio-economic development.
2. VISION AND MISSION
2.1. Vision of the University

The University strives to be one of the top ten universities in Eastern Africa with an international
reputation by 2035.
2.2. Mission of the University
The University is committed to:
1. Training competent graduates across diverse fields of study;
2. Undertaking knowledge-generating, problem-solving, and cutting-edge research; and
3. Providing demand-driven and transformative community engagement activities that contribute
to sustainable development at the local, national, regional, and global levels.

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3. VISION AND MISSION OF THE PROGRAM
3.1. Vision of the Program
The program does its best to be one of the leading schools among East African Universities with
International Accreditation.
3.2. Mission of the Program
The mission of the B.Sc. in Agricultural Economics program is to:
1. To develop skilled and knowledgeable graduates in Agricultural Economics.
2. To conduct innovative, problem-oriented, and high-impact research.
3. To deliver responsive and transformative community engagement initiatives that support
development at various levels.

Mapping of Mission of the Program (MPs) with Mission of the University
MPs Mission 1 Mission 2 Mission 3
MP-1 √ √ √
MP-2 √ √
MP-3 √

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4. PROGRAM OBJECTIVE AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
4.1. Program Education Outcomes
PEO1: Sustainable Development Leadership: - Lead and contribute to sustainable agricultural
development by integrating economic growth strategies with environmental stewardship and climate
resilience
PEO2: Agricultural Policy Formulation and Implementation: - Formulate, analyze, and implement
evidence-based agricultural and rural development policies that promote inclusive growth,
environmental sustainability, and food security.
PEO3: Technological and Data-Driven Innovation: Connect digital tools, data analytics, and
resource optimization models to enhance agricultural productivity and policy effectiveness.
PEO4: Financial and Agribusiness Advisory Services: Deliver evidence-based financial and
investment advisory services to privets and public services.
PEO5: Project Design and Impact Evaluation: Problem identification prioritize set up, Design,
manage, and evaluate agricultural development projects with a focus on economic impact, scalability,
and sustainability
Table:2 Mapping of PEO with Mission of the program
M1 M2 M3
PEO1   
PEO2   
PEO3  
PEO4  
PEO5   

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4.2. Program Learning Outcome
Upon completing the BSc program in Biology, graduates will be able to have the following core
competencies:
Table: Program Learning Outcome
N.o PLOs Core Competencies Statement
1. PLO1 Understand sustainable agricultural development goals and the interlinkages between
economic growth and environmental impacts.
2. PLO2 Understand basic economics theories and principles of resource utilization in
agriculture.
3. PLO3 Understand climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies, and their integration
with agricultural development policies.
4. PLO4 Understand the economic viability and profitability of agricultural production,
processing, and marketing
5. PLO5 Understand international trade principles, futures markets, and investment policies in
agriculture.
6. PLO6 Apply digital agricultural technologies and resource utilization practices to promote
sustainability.
7. PLO7 Formulate agricultural and climate-related policies and development strategies.
8. PLO8 Assess and manage risks in agriculture; provide advisory services to investors,
financial institutions, and stakeholders.
9. PLO9 Analyze and evaluate the design, implementation, and management of agricultural
development projects and agribusiness operations.
10. PLO10 Utilize socio-economic data and analytical tools to conduct policy-relevant, evidence-
based research in agricultural economics and resource management
11. PLO11 Exhibit a strong entrepreneurial mindset and a solution-oriented approach in
agribusiness development.
12. PLO12 Value the role of data-driven decision-making and digital innovation in agricultural
transformations
Generic outcomes

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13. PLO13 Ethical and Global Professionalism Skills: The ability to act with integrity, uphold
moral values, make ethically sound decisions, and operate effectively across diverse
countries, cultures, and regulatory environments.
14. PLO14 Leadership Skills: - The capacity to inspire, guide, and influence others toward
achieving common goals.
15. PLO15 Teamwork Skills and Institutional Alignment : - The ability to collaborate
effectively with others in a group setting.
16. PLO16 Understanding and Respect of Other Cultures and Customs: -Awareness
and appreciation of cultural diversity and practices different from one’s own.
17. PLO17 Decision-Making Skills: - The ability to analyze situations, weigh options, and
choose appropriate actions.
18. PLO18 Organization and Planning Tasks: - Knowledge and skills related to setting
objectives, prioritizing activities, and managing time and resources efficiently.
19. PLO19 Communication skills: Communicate effectively in both professional and community
based agricultural settings
Table 3: Mapping PLO with PEO

PEO1 PEO2 PEO3 PEO4 PEO5
PLO1 
PLO2   
PLO3  
PLO4  
PLO5  
PLO6  
PLO7  
PLO8  
PLO9  
PLO10   
PLO11 
PLO12 
PLO13   
PLO14  
PLO15 

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PLO16  
PLO17   
PLO18 
PLO19   

5. PROGRAM PROFILE
5.1. Graduate (Professional) Profile
The graduate of the BSc in Agricultural Economics program is equipped with strong analytical,
technical, and managerial competencies. He/she is capable of generating and interpreting economic
information related to farm production methods, resource use, and agricultural technologies. The
graduate can analyze and evaluate the linkages among production, processing, distribution, and
consumer demand, as well as understand the interactions between agriculture, the environment,
agribusiness, and policy frameworks.
The program integrates economic theory with agricultural fundamentals and incorporates insights into
the social, technological, and environmental dynamics that influence production and marketing
decisions. As a result, graduates are well-prepared to pursue dynamic careers in business, policy,
natural resource management, and agricultural development, contributing effectively to Ethiopia’s
socio-economic transformation.
Graduates of Agricultural Economics are expected to serve in multiple roles at both micro and
macro levels, engaging in strategic decision-making, project implementation, policy formulation, and
advisory services. They can assume positions across diverse institutions, including government
agencies, financial institutions, agribusiness firms, non-governmental organizations, and international
development agencies.

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Through different roles, Agricultural Economics graduates contribute to enhancing agricultural
productivity, strengthening food security, promoting efficient resource use, and supporting evidence-
based decision-making in both public and private sectors.
5.1.1. Graduate profiles
Upon successful completion of the BSc in Agricultural Economics, graduates will be able to meet the
following Program Learning Outcomes (PLO):
Knowledge
PLO1: Understand sustainable agricultural development goals and the interlinkages between
economic growth and environmental impacts.
PLO2: Understand basic economics theories and principles of resource utilization in agriculture.
PLO3: Understand climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies, and their integration with
agricultural development policies.
PLO4: Understand the economic viability and profitability of agricultural production, processing, and
marketing
PLO5: Understand international trade principles, futures markets, and investment policies in
agriculture.
PLO6: Understand postharvest management principles to enhance food security.
PLO7: Understand data management principles, socio-economic analysis, and their applications in
agricultural decision-making.
Skills
PLO8: Apply digital agricultural technologies and resource utilization practices to promote
sustainability.
PLO9: Formulate agricultural and climate-related policies and development strategies.

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PLO10: Assess and manage risks in agriculture; provide advisory services to investors, financial
institutions, and stakeholders.
PLO11: Analyze and evaluate the design, implementation, and management of agricultural
development projects and agribusiness operations.
PLO12: Utilize socio-economic data and analytical tools to conduct policy-relevant, evidence-based
research in agricultural economics and resource management
Attitude
PLO13: Demonstrate a commitment to sustainable and environmentally responsible agricultural
practices.
PLO14: Exhibit a strong entrepreneurial mindset and a solution-oriented approach in agribusiness
development.
PLO15: Value the role of data-driven decision-making and digital innovation in agricultural
transformations
5.2. Admission Requirement
Students admitted directly from secondary school are required to meet the national higher education
enrollment criteria of that year. After successfully completing first year common courses, students will
join the program competitively based on their interest, grade point of the first year and performance
in quantitative courses. Others like re-admission and advance standing shall be treated according to
the academic rules and regulations of the Universities.
5.3. Graduation Requirements
Students who are directly admitted from secondary school are expected to take a total of 152 credit
hours (57 courses). At the end of the program, the student is required to have a Cumulative Grade
Point Average (CGPA) of 2.00 with no “F” letter grade in any courses.

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5.4. Duration of the Program
A four-year academic time is required to acquire a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in Agricultural
Economics. Students will join the program after successfully completing first year common courses.
Since the program is a multidisciplinary and reasonably quantitative, students should have a strong
background in mathematics
5.5. Mode of Delivery
The courses will be delivered through lectures, case study, providing exercise and assignment, project
work, term papers, research work and presentation. The aim is not only to train the students adequately
but also evaluate whether they qualify in the course or not. In addition, latest technologies, like E-
learning would be used to deliver the courses. Students would be evaluated based on written and
computer base assignments, class participation, and presentation, reports, mid-term and final
examination.
5.6. Degree Nomenclature
Students who have successfully completed graduation requirements can earn the following degree:
Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) degree in Agricultural Economics. Its Amharic version is “የሳይንስ ባችለር
ዲግሪ በ ግብርና ምጣኔ ሐብት”.
5.7. Assessment and Evaluation Systems
5.7.1. General Assessment and Evaluation Methods
Though the weight and the type of assessment varies based on the nature of the course and underline
course objective, the following methods will be employed to assess the competency of the student.
Course work
 Assignments, group work, presentation of reports and term papers, class participation, and quiz.
 Mid semester and final examination
Practical Work
 Activities, practical, and field visits and reports
 Practical and Written examination
Research and project works

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 Quality of paper written and presented
 Way of presentation
 Topic presented
5.7.2. Grading System
Grading system will be as per the academic policy and the grading scale to be used will be fixed- scale
as indicated below.

Table 4: Grading system
Raw Mark Interval- Corresponding fixed Correspond Status Class Description

[100 %] Number Ding Description



[90,100] 4 A+ Excellent First class with Great


Distinction

[85, 90) 4 A


[80, 85) 3.75 A-


[75, 80) 3.5 B+ Very Good First class with


[70, 75) 3 B Distinction


[65, 70) 2.75 B- Good First class


[60, 65) 2.5 C+


[50, 60) 2 C Satisfactory Second Class


[45, 50) 1.75 C
-
Unsatisfactory Lower Class



[40,45) 1 D Very Poor Lower Class


[<40) 0 F Fail Lowest Class



Remarks
 A student cannot graduate with a cumulative GPA of less than 2.0 out of the 4 scale grading
system. Therefore, he/she should at least score on average a minimum of C and above which
is satisfactory status to graduate.
 A student with “D
”
can pass to the next semester if it is first semester period and it increases
with level/year of students. A student with a good stand (CGPA>2) can graduate if he/she
scores„ and any course.
 A student in with specific semester all cannot Ds‟ pass to the next semester.
 A student with a good stand can pass to the next semester and even can graduate if he/she
scores D in any course.
 A student with F must repeat the course for two times and the grade will be any of what a

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student can score
 The details of all of the above will be done in the harmonized Academic Policy.
6. RESOURCES AND FACILITIES
In order to effectively and efficiently run the Agricultural Economics program, the human and physical
resources needed are described as follows:
Resource requirement for the program

S. No Resource Quantity Remark
1 Lecturer (MSc) and above 15 Qualifications must be in Agricultural
Economics, Economics, Agribusiness,
Natural Resources Economics or
Development Economics
2 Technical assistant 2 One of them to coordinate programs and the
other for assisting computer labs
3 Computer Lab 1 To teach Statistical and Econometrics
software and Computer applications
4. Educational center and
Library
1 To reserve program specific papers and
books (journals, magazines, newspapers,
books, …) and video teaching center

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7. QUALITY ASSURANCE MECHANISMS
To maintain and enhance the quality of the Agricultural Economics program, the following
mechanisms will be implemented in line with the University’s quality assurance policy:
 Program-Level Self-Assessment: Regular evaluation of courses, including course content
review and curriculum updates.
 Stakeholder Consultations: Periodic meetings with stakeholders to gather feedback and
ensure program relevance.
 Employer Feedback Surveys: Systematic collection of employer input to evaluate
graduate performance and market readiness.
 Instructor Performance Evaluation: Assessment of teaching competence, effectiveness,
and professional development needs.
 Workshops and Training: Conducting college- and university-wide workshops to
improve teaching practices, research, and student learning outcomes.
8. DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE CODE ASSIGNMENT

The departmental courses are coded taking four letters from the name of the program, Agricultural
Economics (AgEc). The departmental courses start with the code AgEc followed by a three-digit
numerical code. The first digit indicates the year in which course is offered, the second digit
indicates the order of courses offered in the semester and the third digit indicates the semester in
the academic year.

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8.1. Course Categories
8.1.1. Core Courses (Departmental)
Table 5: course break down

No. Courses Name Course code Cr. Hr

1. Microeconomics I AgEc 211 3
2. Microeconomics II AgEc 212 3
3. Macroeconomics I AgEc 222 3
4. Macroeconomic II AgEc 321 3
5. Operations Research in Agricultural Economics AgEc 332 3
6. Econometrics AgEc 312 4
7. Research Methods in Agricultural Economics AgEc 341 3
8. Development Economics AgEc 342 3
9. International Trade AgEc 411 3
10. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics AgEc 421 3
11. Food and Agricultural Policy AgEc 441 3
12. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis AgEc 412 3
13. Agricultural Marketing AgEc 422 3
14. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis AgEc 352 3
15. Institutional and Behavioral Economics AgEc 432 3
Total CrHrs 46



II. Core Courses (Non-Departmental)

No. Courses Name Course code Cr. Hr
1. Crop Production and Management PlSc 241 3
2. Natural Resource Management NRM 252 4
3. Animal Production and Management AnSc 251 3
4. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture FSPT 412 3
5. Value chain Analysis and Development ABVM 222 3
Total CrHrs 16

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III. Supportive Courses (Departmental)*

No. Courses Name Course code Cr. Hr

1. Senior Research Proposal AgEc 372 1
2. Senior Research Project AgEc 472 3
3. Statistics for Economists AgEc 232 3
4. Mathematics for Economists AgEc 311 4
5. Farm Management AgEc 331 3
6. History of Economic Thoughts AgEc 262 2
7. Ethiopian Economy AgEc 351 2
8. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperative Management ABVM 431 3
9. Seminar in Agricultural Economics AgEc 461 1
10. Agricultural Credit and Finance AgEc 341 3
11. Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics AgEc 421 3
Total Cr Hrs. 28

IV. Supportive (Non-Departmental)

No. Courses Name Course code Cr. Hr
1. Introduction to Statistics Stat 221 3
2. Principle of Accounting Acct 231 3
3. Gender Youth and Development RDAE 272 2
4. Farm Power and Machinery AgEn 262 2
5. Sociology Soci 261 2
6. Introduction to Agricultural Extension RDAE 242 2
Total CrHrs 16

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8.2. Course Breakdown
First Year

Year I, Semester I

No Course Name
Course
Code Cr. Hr. ECTS

1. Critical Thinking LoCT 1011 3 5

2. General Physics Phys1011 3 5

3. Communicative English Skills I FLEn1011 3 5

4. Geography of Ethiopia and the Horn GeES1011 3 5

5. Mathematics for Natural Sciences Math1011 3 5

6. General Psychology Psch1011 3 5

7. Physical Fitness SpSc1011 Contacts, P/F P/F
8 History of Ethiopia and the Horn Hist1011 3 5

Total 21 35

Year I Semester II

No Course Name
Course
Code Cr. Hr. ECTS

1. Introduction to Emerging Technologies EmTe1012 3 5

2. Social Anthropology Anth1012 2 4

3. General Biology Phys1012 3 5

4. General Chemistry Chem1012 3 5

5. Communicative English Skills II FLEn1012 3 5

6. Moral and Civics MCiE1012 2 4

7. Introduction to Economics (E) Econ1012 3 5

Total 19 33

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Second Year

Year II Semester I

No Course Name Course Code Cr. Hr. ECTS

1. Microeconomics-I AgEc 211 3 5

2. Introduction to Statistics Stat 221 3 5

3. Principles of Accounting Acct 231 3 5

4. Crop Production & Management PlSc 241 3(2+1) 5

5. Animal Production and Management AnSc 251 3(2+1) 5

6. Sociology Soci 261 2 3

7. Inclusiveness SNIE 271 2 3

Total 19 31

Year II Semester II

No Course Name Course Code Cr. Hr. ECTS

1. Microeconomics II AgEc 212 3 5

2. Macroeconomics-I AgEc 222 3 5

3. Statistics for Economists AgEc 232 3 5
4. Mathematics for Economists AgEc 272 4 7

5. Introduction to Agricultural Extension RDAE 242 2 3

6. Natural Resource Management NRM 252 4( 3+1) 7

7. Farm Power and Machinery AgEn 262 2(1+1) 3

Total 20 33

24. 24

Third Year

Year III Semester I

N
o
Course Name Course Code Cr. Hr. ECT
S
1. Econometrics AgEc 311 4(3+1) 7
2. Macroeconomics II AgEc 321 3 5
3. Research Methods in Agricultural Economics AgEc 341 3 5
4. Ethiopian Economy AgEc 351 2 3
5. Seminar in Agricultural Economics AgEc 361 1 2
6 Gender and Youth in Development RDAE 371 2 3
7. Global Trends GtTr 1012 2 3
Total 18 28


Year III Semester II

No Course Name Course Code Cr. Hr. ECTS

1. Farm Management AgEc 312 3 5

2. Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics AgEc 322 3 5

3. Operations Research in Agricultural Economics AgEc 332 3 5

4. Agricultural Credit and Finance AgEc 342 3 5

5. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis AgEc 352 3 5

6. History of Economic Thoughts AgEc 362 2 3

7. Entrepreneurship Mgmt 372 3 5

Total 20 33

25. 25

Fourth Year

Year IV Semester I

No Course Name Course Code Cr. Hr. ECTS

1. International Trade AgEc 411 3 5

2. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics AgEc 421 3 5

3. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperative Management ABVM 431 4 7

4. Food and Agricultural Policy AgEc 441 3 5

5. Practical Attachment AgEc 451 2 3

6. Value Chain Analysis and Development ABVM 461 3 5

7. Senior Research Proposal AgEc 471 1 2

Total 19 32

Year IV Semester II

No Course Name Course Code Cr. Hr. ECTS

1. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis AgEc 412 3 5

2. Agricultural Marketing AgEc 422 3 5

3. Institutional and Behavioral Economics AgEc 432 3 5

4. Development Economics AgEc 442 3 5

5. Economics of Climate Change AgEc462 3 5

6. Senior Research Project AgEc 472 3 5

7. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture FSPT 482 3 5

Total 21 35

26. 26

8.3. Second Year
8.3.1. Microeconomics I (AgEc 211)
Course Description
This course introduces students to basic economic concepts; scarcity; choice and opportunity cost;
consumer theory; demand; preference; utility; factors of production; production functions;
production costs; profit functions; concepts of market structures; perfectly competitive market
structure; monopoly market structure; equilibrium price and output determination under perfect
competitive and monopoly models.
Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to understand the fundamental concepts and
principles of Economics, including scarcity and opportunity cost. They will be able to analyze
demand and supply theories, consumer behavior, and utility maximization. Additionally, students
will explain firm behavior in terms of profit maximization and cost minimization. They will also
compare different market structures and determine equilibrium price and output under conditions
of perfect competition and monopoly.
Course Learning Outcomes (CLO):
CLO-1: Define and explain the basic concepts and principles of economics.
CLO-2: Analyse the concept of scarcity and opportunity cost in decision-making.
CLO-3: Apply the theory of demand and supply to real-world economic situations.
CLO-4: Interpret theories of utility and consumer behaviour and their practical applications.
CLO-5: Explain the fundamental theories of production.
CLO-6: Differentiate between various types of production relationships.
CLO-7: Analyse the theory of costs, including cost curves in relation to production.
CLO-8: Describe the characteristics and implications of different market structures.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √

√

√

√

√ √

27. 27

CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-5 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-6 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-7 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-8 √

√

√

√ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
Topic One: Introduction to
Economics
√ √
Topic Two: Theories of Demand
and Supply
√ √
Topic Three: Theory of Utility and
Consumer Behavior
√
Topic Four: Theory of Production √ √ √
Topic Five: Theory of Cost √ √
Topic Six: Perfect Competitive
Market
√ √ √
Topic Seven: Monopoly Market
Structure
√

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester I
Course Name Microeconomics-I
Curse Code AgEc 211
Credit hours 3CrHrs/5ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours
Course Load
Contact Hours

28. 28

Topics
Lecture Practical
/
Tutorial
Sub-
Tota
l
Indepe
ndent
study
Tota
l
(Hrs
)
Delivery Assessmen
t
Topic One: Introduction to
Economics
1.1 Definition and scope of
Economics
1.2 Branches of Economics
1.3 Methods in Economics
1.4 Economic problems and
Economic system
1.5 Scarcity; choice and
opportunity cost
3 3 7.5 10.
5
Lecture
and
Class
Discussi
on
Quiz, Short
worksheet,
and mid
exam
Topic Two: Theories of
Demand and Supply
2.1.Definition and law of
demand
2.2.Determinants of demand
2.3.Definition and law of
supply
2.4.Determinants of supply
2.5.Market equilibrium
approaches
2.6.Elasticities of demand and
supply
11 1 12 30 42 Lecture
and
Group
Exercise
s
Quiz, Short
worksheet,
and mid
exam
Topic Three: Theory of
Utility and Consumer
Behavior
3.1. Definition of utility
3.2. Axioms of consumer
preferences and consumer
behavior
3.3. Methods of measuring
utility
3.4.Total utility and marginal
utility
3.5. Indifference curves and
Budget constraint
3.6. Utility maximization
3.7. Change in income and
consumer choices
3.8. Change in price:
substitution and income
effects on consumer
choices
7 1 8 20 28 Lecture
and
Class
Discussi
on
Quiz,
Assignment
, and mid
exam

29. 29

Topic Four: Theory of
Production
4.1. Introduction to inputs and
production function
4.2. Short run production
function
4.3. Long run production
function
8 1 9 22.5 31.
5
Lecture Quiz and
final exam
Topic Five: Theory of Cost
5.1. Basic concepts of costs
5.2. Short run costs
5.3. Long run cost
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Short
worksheet,
and final
exam
Topic Six: Perfect
Competitive Market
6.1. Definitions and basics of
market structures
6.2. Perfect competitive
market structure
6.2.1. Basic features of perfect
competitive market
structure
6.2.2. Nature of demand and
revenue curve under perfect
competitive market
6.3. Determination of
equilibrium price and
output under perfect
competitive market
4 1 5 12.5 17.
5
Lecture
and
Class
Discussi
on
Quiz,
Assignment
, and final
exam
Topic Seven: Monopoly
Market Structure
7.1. Basic features of
monopoly market and
causes of monopoly
7.2. The nature of demand and
revenue curves under
monopoly
7.3.Determination of
equilibrium price and
output under multi-plant
and price discriminating
monopoly
7.4. Welfare loss of monopoly
4 1 5 12.5 17.
5
Lecture
and
Class
Discussi
on
Quiz, and
final exam
Total Course Load 43 5 48 120 168

30. 30

Assessment
Continuous assessments……………...50%
Work sheet and assignment ….15
Quiz…………………………...5
Mid Exam……………………..30
Final Exam…………………………….50%

References

Hal Varian. 2005. Intermediate Microeconomics, A modern Approach 7
th
Edition
David Besanko and Ronald R. Braeutigam. 2011. Microeconomics 4
th
edition
Robert S. Pindyck and Daniel L. Rubenfield. 1995. Microeconomics 3
rd
edition
Geoffery A. Jehle and Phlip J. Reny. 2011. Advanced Microeconomic Theory 3
rd
edition
8.3.2. Introduction to Statistics (Stat 221)
Course Description
Students of Agricultural Economics must learn and understand the basic statistical concepts and
methods. It enables them to understand means of data collection, organization, analysis and
interpretation of both quantitative and qualitative data/information in logical and meaningful terms
in the field of Agricultural Economics. It covers basic concepts in statistics; the importance of
statistics in conducting researches, methods of sampling; graphical descriptive techniques such as
frequency distribution tables, graphs/diagrams/charts; numerical descriptive techniques such as
measures of central tendency and dispersion; probability theory and rules; random variables and
probability distributions; sampling distributions; statistical estimation and inference and
hypothesis testing.
Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to apply basic statistical concepts and methods to
summarize and present data relevant to agricultural economics. They will also use inferential
statistical techniques, including confidence intervals and hypothesis testing, to draw meaningful
conclusions from sample data.
Course Learning Outcomes (CLO):
CLO-1: Explain basic statistical concepts and methods used in agricultural economics.

31. 31

CLO-2: Organize and summarize data using appropriate descriptive tools such as tables,
diagrams, graphs, and descriptive statistics.
CLO-3: Construct confidence intervals to estimate population parameters and differences
between groups.
CLO-4: Perform hypothesis tests to make statistical inferences based on sample data.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-2 √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-4 √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4
Topic 1: Introduction √
Topic 2: Graphical Descriptive
Techniques
√
Topic 3: Numerical Descriptive Techniques √ √
Topic 4: Probability Theory and Rules √
Topic 5: Random Variables and Probability
Distributions
√ √
Topic 6: Sampling Distributions √ √ √
Topic 7: Statistical Estimation √ √
Topic 8: Hypothesis Testing √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/class year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester I
Course Name Introduction to Statistics
Curse Code Stat 221
Credit hours 3CrHrs/5ECTS
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours

32. 32

Instructor Name:

e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs)
Lect
ure
Practical
/ Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic 1: Introduction
1.1 What is statistics
1.2 Types of Statistics
1.3 Variables and Types of Data
1.4 Scales of Measurement
1.5 Functions of Statistics
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture
and Class
Discussio
n
Quiz and
mid exam
Topic 2: Graphical Descriptive
Techniques
2.1 Frequency Distribution Table:
Qualitative and quantitative
FDs
2.2 Absolute and Relative FDs
2.3 Cumulative FDs
2.4 Frequency Distribution Charts
2 2 4 10 14 Lecture
and
Group
Work
Quiz,
assignment,
and mid
exam
Topic 3: Numerical Descriptive
Techniques
3.1 Measures of Central Tendency
3.2 Measures of Dispersion
3.3 Measures of Skewness and
Kurtosis
2 3 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture
and
Group
Exercises
Quiz and
mid exam
Topic 4: Probability Theory and
Rules
4.1 Some Basic Concepts of
Probability
4.2 Definitions and Types of
Probability
4.3 Basic Rules of Probability
2 1 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture
and Class
Discussio
n
Quiz,
assignment,
and mid
exam
Topic 5: Random Variables and
Probability Distributions
5.1 Random Variables
5.2 Discrete Probability
Distributions
5.3 Continuous Probability
Distributions
5.4 Expected Value and Variance
of a Random Variable
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture
and Class
Discussio
n
Quiz,
assignment,
and final
exam

33. 33

Topic 6: Sampling Distributions
6.1. Sampling Techniques
6.2.Sampling Distributions of
Sample Mean
6.3. Sampling Distributions of
Sample Proportions
3 1 4 10 14 Lecture
and Class
Discussio
n
Quiz,
assignment,
and final
exam
Topic 7: Statistical Estimation
7.1 Point Estimation
7.2.Desirable Properties of
Estimators
7.3 Interval Estimation
7.4 Determining the Sample Size
7.5. Overview of Methods of
Estimation
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
Discussio
n
Quiz, test,
and final
exam
Topic 8: Hypothesis Testing
8.1 Basic Concepts in Hypothesis
Testing
8.2 Hypothesis Tests about a
Population Mean
8.3 Hypothesis Tests about a
Population Proportion
8.4 Analysis of Variance: Various
Experimental Designs in
Agricultural Researches
8.5 Chi-Square Tests
9 3 12 30 42 Lecture
and
Group
Exercises
Test,
assignment,
and final
exam
Total Course Load 34 14 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments……………...50%
Assignment ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Test………………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….5

References

Bowem E.K. and Starr M.K. (1982). Basic Statistics for business and Economics. McGraw-Hill,
Inc.
Chandan J.S, et al (1995). Business Statistics, 2
nd
edition.
Gupta, C.B. (1997). An introduction to statistical Methods, Vikas Publishing House.
Mann, P.S. (1997). Introductory Statistics. 3
rd
edition.

34. 34

Manson D., et al (1999). Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics. McGraw-Hill, 10
th

edition.
Salvatore D. and Reagle D. (2005). Statistics and Econometrics.
Sincich, T. (1993). Statistics by Examples. 5
th
ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Studenmund, A.H. (1992). Using Econometrics: A Practical Guide. 2
nd
edition, Harper Collins
Publishers Inc.

8.3.3. Principles of Accounting (Acct 231)

Course Description
The course is designed to introduce students with the basic accounting concept, principles and its
application; it include activities in the accounting cycle; accounting related to merchandizing
business, cash management, accrual and deferrals, receivable and plant asset. Completing the
course students able to use accounting principles in the real business: they will be able to apply
accounting language to communicate accounting information to the users; able prepare financial
statements to show financial positions of the real business.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to understand and apply fundamental accounting
principles, including the accounting cycle, rules of debit and credit, and the preparation of financial
statements. They will also demonstrate knowledge of accounting for merchandise businesses, cash,
receivables, and plant assets within real-world business contexts.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the importance of basic accounting principles and the role of accounting in
real-world business operations.
CLO-2: Interpret and communicate accounting information through financial statements.
CLO-3: Apply the rules of debit and credit in recording business transactions.
CLO-4: Describe and execute key activities in the accounting cycle.

35. 35

CLO-5: Demonstrate understanding of accounting procedures related to merchandise
business, cash, receivables, and plant assets.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√ √

√

√

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5
Topic One: Accounting: Overview √ √
Topic Two: The Accounting Cycle √ √ √
Topic Three: Completion of the
Accounting Cycle
√ √ √ √
Topic Four: Accounting for
merchandizing business
√ √ √ √
Topic Five: Accounting for cash √ √ √
Topic Six: Accruals and Deferrals √ √ √ √
Topic Seven: Receivables √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester I
Course Name Principles of Accounting
Course Code Acct 231
Pre-requisites None
Credit hours 3CrHrs/5ECTS
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:

36. 36

Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact Hours Indepen
dent
study
Total
(Hrs)
Lect
ure
Practical
/ Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Accounting:
Overview
1.1. D
efinition of Accounting
1.2. A
ccounting as a language of
business
1.3. T
he accounting Profession
1.4. U
sers of Accounting information
1.5. B
asic Accounting principles
1.6. B
usiness transaction
1.7. B
asic Accounting Equation
1.8. F
inancial Statement
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz,
Assignment,
and Mid
exam
Topic Two: The Accounting
Cycle
2.1 Nature of the account
2.2 Classification of the account
2.3 Charts of the account
2.4 Rules of Debit and credit
2.5 The process of journalizing and
posting transactions
2.6 Preparation of the trial balance
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz and
Mid exam
Topic Three: Completion of the
Accounting Cycle
3.1 Accrual Vs Cash bases of
Accounting
3.2 The adjusting Process
3.3 Preparation of Work sheet
3.4 Closing process
3.5 Preparation of reversing entry
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz and
Mid exam

37. 37

Topic Four: Accounting for
merchandizing business
4.1 Merchandizing business:
Definition
4.2 Inventory management
Approaches
4.3 Accounting for purchase and
sales of Merchandise
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz,
Assignment,
and Mid
exam
Topic Five: Accounting for cash
5.1 Nature of cash
5.2 Special characteristics of cash
5.3 Methods of cash management
5.4 Analyzing Business
Performance
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Six: Accruals and
Deferrals
6.1 Accounting for Accruals
6.2 Accounting for Deferrals
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Seven: Receivables
1.1 Classification of Receivables
1.2 Maturity date and interest
computation
1.3 Accounting for Account
Receivable
1.4 Accounting for Note
receivable
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz,
Assignment,
and Final
exam
Topic Eight: Plant Asset
8.1 Meaning of plant asset
8.2 Acquisition and Disposal of
Plant Asset
8.3 Accounting for Depreciation of
Plant Asset
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz and
Final exam
Total Course Load 32 16 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Assignment …10
Mid Exam …..40
Final Exam……………….50%

References
Fess and Warren, Accounting Principles 16th Edition
Warren, Reeve, and Fess, Accounting 20th Edition

38. 38

Kimmel, Weygandt, and Kieso, Accounting Tools for Business Decision Making, 4
th
edition, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2011
8.3.4. Crop Production and Management (Plsc 241)

Content Description
The course intends to introduce students with the basic principles of crop production and
management. It acquaints students with the physical and biological factors that affect crop
production, basic classification of crops, the distribution of major crops by agro-ecological zones,
cropping systems, agronomic/cultural practices of crop production, evaluation of different farming
systems; new concepts and approaches of farming systems, organic farming, crop pests and
diseases and their management (cost and losses), cost and benefits of agronomic practices, and
inputs utilized for optimum enterprise selection and application rate.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to explain the principles of crop production, major
cropping systems, and general agronomic practices. They will be able to analyze the economic
impacts of agronomic operations, including input costs, crop losses, and cost-benefit relationships.
Additionally, students will be able to recommend appropriate cropping systems and profitable crop
enterprises tailored to different agro-ecological conditions.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):

CLO-1: Identify the principles of crop production and describe major cropping systems.
CLO-2: Explain general agronomic processes and analyze their associated costs.
CLO-3: Evaluate crop losses due to weeds, pests, diseases, and post-harvest factors, and
assess their economic impacts.
CLO-4: Recommend suitable cropping systems for different agro-ecological zones and
outline appropriate management practices.
CLO-5: Assess the cost-benefit aspects of agronomic operations and input use for major crops.
CLO-6: Make informed decisions on selecting profitable crop enterprises based on economic
and agronomic analysis.

39. 39

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √ √ √

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5 CLO-5
Topic one: Environmental Factors
Affecting Crop Production
√ √ √
Topic Two: Classification of Crop
Plants
√
Topic Three : Reproduction in crop
Plants
√
Topic Four: Agronomic/cultural
Practices of crops
√ √ √ √ √ √
Topic Five: Individual Crops √ √ √ √ √ √
Topic Six: Horticultural Crops √ √ √
Topic Seven :Introduction to fruit
crops production
√ √ √
Topic Eight: Introduction to
Vegetable Crops Production
√ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester I
Course title Crop Production and Management
Course code Plsc 241
Credit hour 3 (2+1) Cr.Hrs /5 ECTS
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:

40. 40

Consultation hours
Topics Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact Hours Independent
study
Total
hours Lecture Practical
/ Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic one: Environmental
Factors Affecting Crop
Production
1.1. Physical Environment
Factors
1.1.1. Soil
1.1.2. Temperature
1.1.3. Light
1.1.4. .Moisture
1.1.5. Humidity
1.1.6. Wind
1.1. Biotic Factors
1.1.1. Disease
1.1.2.Insect
1.1.3.Weed
4 6 10 40 50





Lecture Quiz, Class
Participation
, and Mid
exam
Topic Two: Classification of
Crop Plants
2.1.Biological classification
2.2.Agronomic classification
2.3.Special purpose classification
2.4.Classification based on life
Habit
4 6 10 25 35 Lecture
and
Group
Practical
Practical
Assignment,
and Mid
exam
Topic Three: Reproduction in
Crop Plants
3.1. A sexual mode reproduction
3.2. Sexual mode reproduction
2 3 5 8 13 Lecture Quiz, Test,
and Mid
exam
Topic Four:
Agronomic/cultural Practices
of crops
4.1. Site selection
4.2. Land preparation
4.3. Sowing /planting
4.4. Fertilizer application
4.5. Disease & insect control
4.6. Harvesting
4 6 9 15 37 Lecture
and
Field
Practical
Work
Group
Assignment,
Field
Practical
Report, Mid
exam
Topic Five: Individual Crops
5.1 Cereals
5.2 Pulses
2 3 5 8 13 Lecture Quiz,
Individual
Assignment,
and Final
exam

41. 41

Topic Six: Horticultural Crops
6.1. Classification of
Horticultural Crops
6.2. Importance and Problems of
Horticultural Crops
Production in Ethiopia
6.3.Methods of Establishing and
Managing Horticultural
Crops
6.4.Site Selection
6.5.Directing Growth of
Horticultural Crops
6.6. Land Preparation
6.6.1. Site Clearing
6.6.2. Terracing and Irrigation
6.6.3. Laying out the Planting
Field
6.6.4. Digging Holes for Planting
6.6.5. Planting Fruit Tree
Seedlings
6.7. Irrigation and Fertilization
6.8. Training and Pruning
6.9. Control of Weeds, Pests and
Diseases
6.10. Postharvest Handling of
Horticultural Crops
8 12 24 60 84
















Lecture,
Field
Trip, and
Practical
Activity
Quiz, Field
Trip Report,
and Final
exam
Topic Seven :Introduction to
fruit crops production
7.1. Nutritional Value of Fruits
7.2. Social and Economic Value
of Fruit Crops
7.3. Propagation
7.3.1. Layering
7.3.2. Grafting
7.3.3. Budding
7.3.4. Specialized Vegetative
Structures
4 6 9 6 15 Lecture
and
Field
Visit
Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Eight: Introduction to
Vegetable Crops
Production
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Production of Vegetable in
Ethiopia
4 6 10 25 35 Lecture
and
Field
Visit
Test and
Final exam

42. 42

8.3. Per capita Production and
Expenditure of Vegetables in
Ethiopia
8.4. Food values of Vegetables
8.5. Need for Vegetables
Production in Ethiopia
8.6. Current Issues (thrusts) in
Vegetable Industry
8.7. Types of Vegetable Growing
(gardening)
8.8. Vegetable Seeds and Seed
Growing
Total Course Load 32 48 80 200 280
Practical Work
Group Assignment 1. Students will be grouped into four. Each group will submit
different plant/crop parts for each classification.
Individual Assignment 1. Each student will be responsible to identify seed
sample of the 8 cereals, 5 legumes 2 oil crops and two root/tuber crops
Group Assignment 2. There will be 5 students in each group. Each group will
be assigned to a piece of land on which they will do all (except site selection and
harvesting) the agronomic/cultural practices of 2 cereals and 2 legumes of their
choice.
Individual Assignment 2. Based on Group Assignment 2, each student is
expected to differentiate seedling s of the crops he/she used.
Field trip to fruit and vegetable farms and processing industries
Fruit and vegetable grading, packaging and storage techniques
Assessment
Continuous assessments……………...50%
Practical Assignment ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Test………………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….50%

Reference
Jackson IJ. 1991. Climate, Water and Agriculture in the Tropics. Longman Scientific
&Technical Publishers. England
Martin, H.J. W.H. Leonard and D.L. Stamp. 2006. Principles of field crops production. 4
th

ed. Macmillan Publishing Co., New York.
Onwueme i.C and Sinha T.D 1991. Field crop production in tropical Africa. CTA. The
Netherlands

43. 43

Pratley, J. (ed) 2003. Principles of Field Crop Production. 4
th
ed. Oxford University Press.
Victoria, Austerilia.
Purseglove, J.W. 1968 Tropical Crops: Dicotyledons, Longman Group Limited New York.
Purseglove, J.W. 1968. Tropical Crops: Monocotyledons. Longman Group Limited, New York.
press Ltd, England.
Samson, J.A. (1991) Tropical fruits. 2
nd
ed. Essex, England.
Jules Janic (1986). Horticultural science. W.H. Freeman and company. USA
Garner.R.J.,Chauhri.S.A., and CWBHPC (1988) The Propagation of Tropical Fruit Trees.
Common wealth Agriculutral Bureaux Farnham Royal, Slough, SL2, 3BN, England.
Rubatzky, V.E., M. Yamaguchi.1997. World Vegetables, Principles, Production, and Nutritive
Values, 2
nd
ed. International Thomson Publishing, New York.
Nakasone, H.Y., R.E. Paull.1999. Tropical Fruits. CAB International, New York.
Youdeowei, A., F.O.C. Ezedinma, O.C. Onazi.1995. Int roduction to Tropical
Agriculture.Longman, London and New York.
Rehm,S., G. Espig.1991. The Cultivated Plants of Tropics and Subtropics. CTA, Verlag Josef
margrave, Germany.
Shewfelt R.L. and S.E. Prussia, 1993. Postharvest Handling: A System Approach. Academic Press,
Inc, London, 358p.
Wills, R., McGlasson, B, Graham, D., and D. Joyce, 1998. Postharvest: an Introduction to the
Physiology and Handling of fruit, vegetables and ornamentals, 4
th
ed. Hyde Park Press,
Adelaide, South Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia,262p.

8.3.5. Animal Production and Management (AnSc 251)

Course Description
The course aimed to introduce students with the basic concepts, potentials and contribution of
livestock and poultry production system and their management in Ethiopia. The course covers the
roles of farm animals in the Ethiopian agriculture, major aspects of nutrition, breeding, health care,
and housing and routine management aspects of tropical animals with major emphasis on beef
cattle, small ruminant, poultry, camel and bee keeping.

44. 44


Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to demonstrate knowledge and practical skills in
livestock production and farm management across various animal enterprises, including beef,
dairy, poultry, bees, swine, and small ruminants. They will also be able to analyze and apply
concepts related to the economic importance, challenges, opportunities, and management
techniques within the livestock sector, with a particular focus on the Ethiopian context.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Demonstrate basic skills in handling various farm practices across beef, dairy,
poultry, bee, swine, and small ruminant farms.
CLO-2: Explain key concepts of livestock production and management.
CLO-3: Discuss the economic importance of the livestock sub-sector within the Ethiopian
economy.
CLO-4: Analyze major challenges and opportunities in the livestock sector.
CLO-5: Apply appropriate management techniques in animal production and processing.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5
Topic One: Introduction √ √ √
Topic Two: Dairy Cattle Production √ √ √ √

45. 45

Topic Three: Beef Cattle Production √ √ √ √
Topic Four: Sheep and Goats Production √ √ √ √
Topic Five: Poultry production and
Hatchery Management
√ √ √ √
Topic Six: Apiculture √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester I
Course title Animal Production and Management
Course code Ansc 251
Credit hour 3 (2+1) CrHrs/5 ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load
Total
(Hrs)
Delivery Assessment
Contact hours Indepen
dent
study
Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Introduction

3 3 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Discussion
Quiz and
Mid exam
Topic Two: Dairy Cattle
Production
2.1. Origin, Domestication,
Population and
Distribution of Dairy
cattle
2.2. Dairy Cattle Breeds
2.3. Dairy Cattle Production
System
2.4. Feeding of Dairy cattle
2.5. Reproduction in Dairy
Cattle
2.6. Dairy and Dairy product
Marketing
2.7. Managements of Dairy
Cattle
2.8. Constraints of Dairy
Production
6 9 15 38 53 Lecture
and Field
Visit
Quiz,
Practical,
and Mid
exam

46. 46

Topic Three: Beef Cattle
Production
3.1. Origin, Domestication,
Population and
Distribution of Beef
cattle
3.2. Beef Cattle Breeds
3.3. Beef Cattle Production
System
3.4. Feeding of Beef cattle
3.5. Reproduction in Dairy
Cattle
3.6. Beef Cattle and Beef
Products Marketing
3.7. Managements of Beef
Cattle 3.8. Constraints
of Beef Production
5 9 14 35 49 Lecture
and
Practical
Practical,
Assignment,
and Mid
exam
Topic Four: Sheep and
Goats Production
4.1. Origin, Domestication,
Population and
Distribution of Shoats
4.1.1. Origin,
Domestication,
Population and
Distribution of Sheep
4.1.2. Origin,
Domestication,
Population and
Distribution of Goats
4.2. Sheep and Goats
4.2.1. Breeds of Sheep
4.2.2. Breeds of Goats
4.3. Shoats Production
System
4.4. Feeding of Shoats
4.5. Reproduction in Sheep
and Goats
4.6. Managements of Shoats
4.7. Constraints of Shoats
Production
6 9 15 37 52 Lecture
and
Practical
Quiz,
Assignment,
and Final
exam
Topic Five: Poultry
production and
Hatchery
Management
6 9 15 37 52 Lecture
and
Practical
Quiz,
practical,
and Final
exam

47. 47

5.1. Origin and
classification of
poultry
5.2. Poultry production
systems in Ethiopia
5.3. Incubation and
hatchery operation
5.4. Poultry houses
5.5. Poultry management
5.5.1Brooder management
5.5.2. Grower management
5.5.3. Layer management
5.5.4Broilers management
Topic Six: Apiculture

6 9 15 38 53 Lecture
and Field
Visit
Quiz,
assignment,
and Final
exam
Total Credit Hrs 32 48 80 200 280
Assessment
Continuous assessments……………..50%
Practical Assignment ……20
Quiz…………………….10
Mid exam………………..20
Final Exam………………………….50%

References
Maule, J.P., 1990.The cattle of the tropics. Melksham wilts. 219p
Jarrige, R., and Beranger, C., 1992. World Animal Science: Production-System Approach. A.
Neimann-Sorensen and D.E. Tribe (eds). Elsevier. Amsterdam. The Netherlands.
Barrett, M. z., and Larkin, P.J.1974. Milk and Beef Cattle Production in the Tropics.
Derek H. Goodwin, 1977. Beef Management and Production: A Practical Guide for Farmers and
Students
Gerrard, Frank, 1971. Meat Technology.
Jarrige, R., and Beranger, C., 1992. World Animal Science: Production-System Approach. A.
Neimann-Sorensen and D.E. Tribe (eds). Elsevier. Amsterdam. The Netherlands.
Maule, J.P., 1990.The cattle of the tropics. Melksham wilts. 219p Ensminger M.E. and Parker R.O.,
1986. Sheep and goats Science.

48. 48

Devendra C. Meleroy G. B., 1982. Sheep and goats production in the tropics. Peacock C. and
Melerory G.B. 1982. Goat production in the tropics
CAB international 1992. Manual of sheep production in the tropics. Mowlen A. 1982. Goat
farming. Hart E. 1985. Sheep. A guide to management. Mackenzie D. 1993. Goat
husbandry
Payne, W.J.A, 1990. An introduction to Animal Husbandry in the tropics. 4
th
edition. Longman
Scientific and Technical. London, UK.

8.3.6. Sociology (Soci 261)

Course Description
This course intends to help students understand the complex human behaviors. The course is
designed to give students basic knowledge about society in general and rural society in particular.
It helps students to conceptualize definitions; nature and scopes of sociology; historical
development and theories of sociology; the relationships between sociology and other disciplines;
society, culture, socialization and social movements.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to explain the foundational concepts, scope, and
historical development of sociology and rural sociology, including their relationships with other
disciplines. They will also be able to analyze key sociological theories and concepts related to
social change, socialization, and social movements.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the core concepts of sociology and rural sociology.
CLO-2: Describe the nature, scope, and significance of sociology in understanding society.
CLO-3: Summarize the historical development of sociology and interpret major sociological
theories.
CLO-4: Analyse the interrelationships between sociology and other academic disciplines.
CLO-5: Explain the causes and theoretical perspectives of social change.

49. 49

CLO-6: Describe the processes of socialization and the dynamics of social movements.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √

√

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5 CLO-6
Topic one: Emergence of Sociology √ √ √
Topic Two: Culture √
Topic Three: Social groups,
organizations and social networks
in rural societies
√ √
Topic Four: Social structure and
institutions of rural society
√ √ √
Topic Five: Socialization √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester I
Course Name Sociology
Course Code Soci 261
Target group Year II Semester I
Credit hour 2 CrHrs/3ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:

50. 50

Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact hours
Total
(Hrs)
Lect
ure
Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Independ
ent study
Topic one: Emergence of
Sociology
1.1 Definition, scope and
importance of rural sociology
1.2 The development of sociology,
1.3 Importance/significances of
studying sociology
1.4 The major theoretical
perspectives in sociology
1.5 methods of sociological research
1.6 Definition of Rural Sociology?
1.7 Origins of Rural Sociology
1.8 Scope and Importance of Rural
Sociology
1.9 The Concept of Rural and
Difference between Rural and
Urban
1.10 Rural-Urban Continuum
Debate
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and
Group
Discussi
on
Quiz and
Mid exam


Topic Two: Culture
2.1 The concept of culture
2.1 Characteristics of culture
2.3 universality, generality and
particularity of culture
2.4 cultural variation and change.
2.5 Attitudes toward Cultural
Variation
2.5.1. Ethnocentrism
2.5.2. Cultural relativism
8 8 20 28 Lecture
and
Discussi
on
Quiz, Case
study, and
Mid exam
Topic Three: Social groups,
organizations and social
networks in rural societies
3.1 social groups and group
processes
3.2 factors influencing group
interaction
3.3 social organization and social
networks
6 6 15 21 Lecture
and
Group
work
Case study
and Final
exam
Topic Four: Social structure and
institutions of rural society
8 8 20 28 Lecture Case study,
Assignment,

51. 51

4.1 Social stratification
4.2 Rural Social Institutions
4.2.1The Rural Family
4.2.2 Rural Religious Institutions
4.2.3. Rural School (Education)
4.2.4 Rural Leadership and political
Institutions
4.2.5 Rural economic institutions
and Final
exam
Topic Five: Socialization
5.1 The concept of socialization
5.2 human biological bases for
socialization
5.4 Types and patterns of
socialization
5.5 Agents of Socialization
5.6 Multiple and Contradictory
Influences of Socialization
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz,
Assignment,
and Final
exam
Total Cr. Hrs. 32 32 80 112
Assessment
Continuous assessments……………...50%
Case study ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Mid exam…………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….50%

Reference:
Smith,T and Zope, P (1970)Principles of Inductive Rural Sociology. Philadelphia: F.A Davis
Company
Hurd, Geoffery and others (1973) Human Societies: An Introduction to Sociology. London:
Routleage and Kegan Paul Ltd
Kon, I.S (ed) (1979) A History of Classical Sociology. Moscow: Progress Publishers
Lamm, Robert P. and Schaefer, Richard T. (1983) Sociology. New York: McGraw Hill
Lenski, Gerhard and Lenski, Jean (1982) Human Societies: An Introduction to Micro Sociology
(4
th
ed).New York:McGraw Hill
Poostchi,Iraj(1986)Rural Development and Developing Countries: An Interdisciplinary
Introductory Approach. Canada: The Alger Press Ltd
Raj,Hans(1987)Introduction to Sociology with Objective Questions(2
nd
ed)New Delhi: Surjeet
Publications

52. 52

Maxwell, Milton A, Sutherl and, RobertL. and Wood Ward Julian L.(1961)Introductory Sociology
(6
th
ed). Chicago:J.B.Lippincott Company
Schaefer, Richard T. (2000) Sociology: A Brief Introduction (3
rd
ed). Boston: McGraw Hill

8.3.7. Inclusiveness (SNIE 212)

Course Description
Special needs education refers to people with divers’ disabilities, gifted and talented, and divers’
population being at risk of education and development. As per the institutional reform that is
focusing on enhancing development for all population, the field of inclusive education is taking
center stage in institutional planning and improvement. This course introduces the process of
achieving inclusion with all appropriate accessibility and established support system at
institutional level.

In this course, the higher education students will learn how to assess, understand and address the
needs of persons with disabilities and provide relevant support or seek extra support form experts.
He/she also learns how to adapt and implementing services for an inclusive environment that
aimed to develop holistic development such as affective, cognitive and psychosocial skills of the
population with disabilities. Identification and removal/management of environmental barriers
would find a crucial place in the course. The students learn how to give more attention and support
for students with; hearing impairments, visual impairment, deaf-Blind, autism, physical and health
impairments, intellectually challenged, emotional and behavior disorders, learning difficulty,
communication disorders, gifted and talented student, and those at risk due to different reason
(population who are environmentally and culturally deprived, abused, torched, abandoned, and
orphaned and vulnerable..etc). All University students will be given the chance to study the specific
developmental characteristics of each group of students with disabilities and come up with
appropriate intervention strategies in inclusive settings of their respective professional
environment and any development settings where all citizens are equally benefited.

53. 53

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to identify tools and strategies for creating inclusive
environments that accommodate individuals with diverse disabilities and potentials. They will
explore the benefits of collaboration among stakeholders in designing and implementing inclusive
practices across various areas of life. Additionally, students will discover and apply methods for
modifying environments, services, and practices to effectively meet the needs of individuals with
disabilities in inclusive settings.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Identify the developmental needs and potentials of individuals with special needs
across various aspects of life.
CLO-2: Demonstrate an inclusive and respectful attitude toward individuals with special
needs in learning, working, and living environments.
CLO-3: Apply appropriate assessment strategies to inform evidence-based planning for
inclusive support.
CLO-4: Adapt learning and working environments to suit the needs and potentials of
individuals with special needs.
CLO-5: Select and utilize appropriate support services that address individual and group needs
of persons with disabilities.
CLO-6: Collaborate with professionals and stakeholders to ensure inclusive practices and
promote the well-being of persons with special needs.
CLO-7: Create and sustain inclusive environments that support the full participation and
success of all individuals.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-2 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-3 √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

54. 54

CLO-4 √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-5 √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-6 √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-7 √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √



Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Understanding students with
diverse needs/special needs
√ √
Topic Two: Understanding Inclusion √ √
Topic Three: Identification of Population
with Special Needs
√ √
Topic Four: Assessment in special needs √ √
Topic Five: Differentiated Services for
Populations of Special needs
√ √
Topic Six: Promoting Positive Behaviors
Institution-wide
√ √
Topic Seven: Resources for the Inclusive
environment
√ √ √
Topic Eight: Collaborative Partnerships
with stakeholders
√ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/ class year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester I
Course Title Inclusion in Education and Development
Course Code SNIE 212
Credit hour 2CrHr/4ECTS
Pre-requisites
Status of the course Compulsory/Common
Lecture class/ Room
No

Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact hours

55. 55

Topic
Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs)
Topic One: Understanding
students with diverse
needs/special needs
1.1. Overview of students with
various special needs;
1.2 Theoretical models such as
the right model, medical
model and social model of
special needs and its
relevance.
1.3 Educational of students
with various special needs.
1.4 Attitudinal barriers and
means to enhance
awareness among the
community members and
political leaders.
1.5 The relationship between
Poverty and Disability
1.6 Planning effective
development of population
with special needs in
inclusive settings
8 8 20 28 Lecture
and
Group
Discussio
n
Quiz and Mid
exam
Topic Two: Understanding
Inclusion
2.1.Definition of inclusive
environment and the
support system
2.2.Elements of Inclusive
environment
2.3.Characteristics of inclusive
environment
2.4.Special needs population’s
right in the inclusive
environment
2.5.Benefits and Challenges of
Inclusion
2.6.Strategies in addressing
individual needs.
2.7.Policies, legislations,
strategies, legal framework
and other related
documents.
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and
Group
Discussio
n
Group
Presentation
and Mid exam

56. 56

Topic Three: Identification of
Population with Special
Needs
3.1. Development of checklists
for identification of various
difficulties.
3.2. Procedure of identification
3.3. Identifying learners needs,
potentials and difficulties in
learning
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Group work
and Mid exam
Topic Four: Assessment in
special needs
4.1.Strategy and procedure to
develop assessment
instrument
4.2.Relevant components of
assessment instrument
4.3.Progressive assessments
4.4.Portfolios
4.5.Implication of assessment
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture
and
Group
Discussio
n
Group work
and Mid exam
Topic Five:
Differentiated
Services for
Populations of
Special needs
5.1. Content-specific resources
for students
5.2. Instructional technology
5.3.Individualized service plan
5.4.Interdisciplinary
individualized services plan
teams
5.5.Curriculum enrichment
5.6.The role and
responsibilities of a general
education teacher in the
5.7.Implementation of the
individualized services
5.8.Planning group intervention
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Assignment
and Final exam
Topic Six: Promoting Positive
Behaviors Institution-wide
6.1.Behavior management
modifications
6.2.Classroom management for
inclusive environment
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Assignment
and Final exam

57. 57

6.3.Social relationships and
collaboration in an
inclusive environment
Topic Seven: Resources for
the Inclusive environment
7.1. Modification of
environment and materials
7.2. Adapting learning and
working process according
to the needs
7.3. Identifying human material
and other resources that
help inclusive
environmental activities.
7.4. Accessing adapted
technologies
7.5. Accessing communication
through various means such
as Sign Language
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and Field
observati
on
Quiz and Final
exam
Topic Eight: Collaborative
Partnerships with
stakeholders
8.1. Collaboration to
successfully move towards
inclusion
8.2. Planning Inclusive
development in all sectors
8.3. Implementing inclusive
8.4. Individualized support as
per the law, policies and
directives
8.5. Evaluation and monitoring
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and
Group
work
Assignment
and Final exam
Total Hours 32 32 80 112
Assessment …………....……50%
Assignment…………....20%
Overall Performance…..10%
Mid exam………………20
Final exam…………….50%

References

58. 58

Alemayehu Teklemariam and Temsegen Fereja (2011). Special Need Education in Ethiopia:
Practice of Special Needs Education around the World. Washington: Gallaudet
University Press.
Alemayehu Teklemariam (2019). Inclusive Education in Ethiopia: WILEY and Blackwell:
Singapore
A Teachers Guide (2001). UNESCO. Inclusive Education and Classroom Practice in Secondary
Education (2004).
Berit H. Johanson and Alemayehu Teklemariam (2006). Towards Special Needs Education as a
University Discipline: An Important step on the way to Education for All. In When All
Means All. Hakapaino Oy: Helsinki
Tirussew Teferra and Alemayehu Teklemariam (2007). Including the Excluded: Integrating
disability into EFA Fast Track Initiative Process and National Education Plans in Ethiopia.
World Vision
MOE (2007). School Improvement Program
MOE (2010). Special Needs Program strategies implementation guide.
MOE (Ministry of Education). (2006). Special Needs Education Program Strategy. Addis
Ababa
Understanding and responding to children’s need in inclusive classroom (2010).
www.european-agency.org
ዓለማየሁ ትክለማርያም (2009). በመተባበር መማር፡- አንድ ለሁሉም፣ ሁሉም ለአንድ፣ አዲስ አበባ፡-
ፋርኢስት አታሚ
ዓለማየሁ ትክለማርያም (2011). አካቶ ትምህርት ለምን፣ምን፣ለነማን እንዴት፤ አዲስ አበባ፡-ፋርኢስት አታሚ

8.3.8. Microeconomics-II (AgEc 212)

Course Description
This course is a continuation of Microeconomics I and requires successful completion of
Microeconomics I. It introduces students to features of monopolistic competitive market structure;
features of oligopolistic market structure; equilibrium price and output determinations under

59. 59

monopolistic competitive and oligopoly models; factor prices and income determinations; why
market fails and the role of governments; game theory and strategic behavior; and introduction to
general equilibrium and welfare economics.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will examine the characteristics and outcomes of monopolistic
and oligopolistic market structures, focusing on price and output determination. They will analyze
factor pricing under various market conditions, exploring the causes of market failures and the role
of government intervention. Additionally, students will be introduced to foundational economic
concepts such as game theory, general equilibrium, and welfare economics.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the basic features of monopolistic competition.
CLO-2: Compare and contrast different models of oligopoly.
CLO-3: Analyse the determination of factor prices under perfect and imperfect market
structures.
CLO-4: Evaluate elasticities of input substitution, the impact of technological progress, and
patterns of income distribution.
CLO-5: Assess the causes of market failure and the role of government intervention.
CLO-6: Apply game theory concepts to analyse strategic behaviour in economic contexts.
CLO-7: Interpret the foundational concepts of general equilibrium and welfare economics.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √

60. 60

CLO-4 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√ √

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-7 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Monopolistic Competitive
Market Structure
√
Topic Two : Oligopoly Market Structure √ √
Topic Three: Factor Prices and Income
Determinations
√ √ √
Topic Four: Market Failure and the Role
of Government
√
Topic Five: Game Theory √ √ √
Topic Six: General Equilibrium and
Welfare Economics


Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester II
Course Name Microeconomics-II
Curse Code AgEc 212
Credit Hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Microeconomics-I (AgEc 211)
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total

61. 61

Topic One: Monopolistic
Competitive Market Structure
1.1. Review of market structures
1.2. Introduction and basic features
of monopolistic competitive
market
1.3. Product differentiation and the
demand curve
1.4. The concept of product group
and industry
1.5. Short run equilibrium of
monopolistic competitive market
1.6. Long run equilibrium of
monopolistic competitive market
1.6.1. E
quilibrium with new firms
entering the product group
1.6.2. E
quilibrium with price
competition
1.6.3. E
quilibrium though price
competition and free entry
1.6.4. E
xcess capacity, mark up and
welfare loss in monopolistic
competition
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture and
Group
discussion
Quiz,
Worksheet
assignment,
and Mid
exam
Topic Two : Oligopoly Market
Structure
2.1.Introduction and basic features
of oligopoly
2.2.Non-collusive oligopoly
2.2.1. Cournot model
2.2.2. Kinked demand curve model
2.2.3. Bertrand duopoly model
2.2.4. Stackelberg Model
2.3.Collusive oligopoly
2.3.1. Cartel
2.3.2. Price leadership
9 3 12 30 42 Lecture Quiz and
Mid exam
Topic Three: Factor Prices and
Income Determinations
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Factor pricing in perfectly
competitive market
9 3 12 30 42 Lecture Quiz,
Worksheet,
and Mid
exam

62. 62

3.2.1. Demand of a firm for a single
variable factor in short run: labor
3.2.2. Demand of a firm for several
variable factors: labor and capital
3.2.3. The market demand for a
factor
3.2.4. Individual supply of labor
3.2.5. Market supply of labor
3.2.6. Equilibrium price and
employment of labor
3.3. Factor pricing in imperfectly
competitive markets
3.3.1. Monopolistic power in the
product and perfect competitive
in factor market
3.3.2. Monopolistic market in the
output and monopsony in factor
market
3.3.3. Bilateral monopoly
3.3.4. Competitive buyer and
monopoly union (labor union)
3.4. The elasticity of input
substation, technological
progress and income distribution
3.4.1. The elasticity of input
substitution and the shares of
factors of production
3.4.2. Technological progress and
income distributions
Topic Four: Market Failure and
the Role of Government
4.1. Concepts of market failures
4.2. Why market fails and the role of
governments
4.2.1. Imperfect competitions
4.2.2. Externalities
4.2.3. Public goods
4.2.4. Imperfect information
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Five: Game Theory
5.1. Game theory and strategic
behavior: concepts and definitions
5.2. Dominant strategy and Nash
equilibrium
5.3. Prisoners’ dilemma
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz,
Worksheet
Assignment,
and Final
exam

63. 63

5.4. Mixed strategies and Nash
equilibrium
5.5. Repeated games
5.6. Sequential games
Topic Six: General Equilibrium
and Welfare Economics
6.1. Introduction to general
equilibrium
6.2. Introduction to welfare
economics
6 6 15 21 Lecture Assignment
and Final
exam
Total Course Load 38 10 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments…………….........50%
Work sheet and assignment ….15
Quiz…………………………...5
Mid Exam…………………….30
Final Exam……………………………....50%

References
Hal Varian. 2005. Intermediate Microeconomics, A modern Approach 7
th
Edition
David Besanko and Ronald R. Braeutigam. 2011. Microeconomics 4
th
edition
Robert S. Pindyck and Daniel L. Rubenfield. 1995. Microeconomics 3
rd
edition
Geoffery A. Jehle and Phlip J. Reny. 2011. Advanced Microeconomic Theory 3
rd
edition

8.3.9. Macroeconomics-I (AgEc 222)

Course Description
Macroeconomics I (AgEc222) is a three credit hours course and it is expected to be covered in 48
hours. This course begins by introducing students with the definition and elements of
Macroeconomics. This will be followed by a brief review of controversies in macroeconomics so
as to set the scene for issues that will be discussed in the rest of the course and in Macroeconomics
II. This will be started with discussion of Macroeconomic evolution. Then, the course covers the
issues of National Income Accounting, Economic Performance and Business Cycle, aggregate
demand and aggregate supply analysis, macroeconomic problems (unemployment and inflation),
and macroeconomic policies (fiscal and monetary policy).

64. 64


Course objective
At the end of this course, students will understand the fundamentals of Macroeconomics, including
its key components and major macroeconomic problems; analyze the evolution of macroeconomic
thought by examining different schools of Macroeconomics; apply the principles of national
income accounting and explain the measurement and interrelationships of aggregate economic
variables; and explain how macroeconomic equilibrium is determined, how labor markets operate
under different models, and how fiscal and monetary policies are used to stabilize the economy.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the fundamental concepts of Macroeconomics and identify its key
components.
CLO-2: Analyse and compare the major schools of thought in Macroeconomic theory.
CLO-3: Apply the national income accounting system to measure and interpret economic
performance.
CLO-4: Evaluate the relationships among aggregate economic variables such as output,
income, and prices.
CLO-5: Assess the determination of equilibrium real GDP and price level through the
interaction of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.
CLO-6: Identify and explain major macroeconomic problems affecting national economies.
CLO-7: Derive and interpret labour demand and supply curves within Classical and Keynesian
frameworks.
CLO-8: Examine and critique the role of fiscal and monetary policies in stabilizing the
economy.
Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √

65. 65

CLO-2 √ √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √ √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-7 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-8 √ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
Topic One: Introduction √ √
Topic Two: National
Income Accounting
√ √ √
Topic Three: Economic
Performance and
Business Cycle
√ √ √
Topic Four: Aggregate
Demand and Supply
Analysis
√ √ √ √ √
Topic Five:
Macroeconomic
Problems
√ √ √ √ √
Topic Six:
Macroeconomic
Policies
√ √ √

Content Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester II
Course Name Macroeconomics-I
Curse Code AgEc 222
Credit Hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Status of the course Compulsory
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:

66. 66

Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lect
ure
Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction
1.1. Concepts and Definition of
Macroeconomics
1.2. Key elements of
Macroeconomics
1.3. Macroeconomics schools of
thoughts
1.3.1. Classical and neo-classical
school of thought
1.3.2. Keynesian school of thoughts
1.3.3. New classical and New
Keynesians
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Quiz and
Mid exam
Topic Two: National Income
Accounting
2.1. Definitions of National Income
Accounting
2.2. The Basic Model: The Circular
Flow Diagram
2.3. National Income Accounts’
Measures
2.4. Approaches to national income
accounting
2.4.1. Value added approach
2.4.2. Income approach
2.4.3. Expenditure approach
2.5. Limitations of GDP as a
Measure of Welfare
2.6. Nominal GDP vs. Real GDP
2.7. GDP deflator and inflation rate
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture
and
Group
exercises
Quiz,
Assignment,
and Mid
exam
Topic Three: Economic
Performance and Business Cycle
3.1.Definition and Concepts of
Business Cycle
3.2.Phases of Business Cycle
3.3.Causes and Effects of business
cycle
3.4.Theories of business cycle
3.4.1.Keynesian theory
3.4.2.Monetarist Theory of Business
Cycle
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
discussio
n
Assignment
and Mid
exam

67. 67

3.4.3.Rational Expectation Theory
3.4.4.Real Business Cycle Theory
(RBC)
3.4.5.Political Business Cycle
3.5.Forecasting Business Cycle:
Indicator Forecasting
Topic Four: Aggregate Demand
and Supply Analysis
4.1.Aggregate demand
4.1.1. Aggregate Demand curve
4.1.2. Changes in Aggregate
Demand
4.2.Aggregate supply
4.2.1. Short run Aggregate Supply
Curve
4.2.2. Long run Aggregate Supply
Curve
4.2.3. Determinants of change in
Aggregate Supply
4.2.4. Aggregate supply models
4.3.Macroeconomic equilibrium
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture
and Class
discussio
n
Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Five: Macroeconomic
Problems
5.1. Unemployment
5.1.1.Definition and Measurement
of Unemployment
5.1.2. Types of Unemployment
5.1.3. Relationship between
Unemployment and Output
5.1.4. Labour Market Equilibrium
5.1.5. Labour supply and Business
Cycle
5.2. Inflation
5.2.1. Concepts and Definition of
Inflation
5.2.2. Price indexes
5.2.3. Causes and Consequences of
Inflation
5.3. Relationship between
Unemployment and Inflation
Rates
5.4.Business Cycle Fluctuation
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture
and
Debates
Assignment
and Final
exam
Topic Six: Macroeconomic
Policies
6.1. Monetary Policy
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
Debates and
Final exam

68. 68

6.1.1. Monetary policy tools
6.1.2. Monetary Policy and
Aggregate Demand
6.2. Fiscal Policy
6.2.1. Changes in Government
Purchases
6.2.2. Changes in Taxes
6.3. Stabilization Policy
discussio
n
Total Course Load 38 10 48 120 168
Assessment Methods
Assignments (Macroeconomic debates) 20%
Mid-exam 30%
Final examination 50%
Total 100%

References
Mankiw, N. G., 2016. Macroeconomics, 9
th
ed., Worth Publishing, U.S.A.
Mankiw, N. Gregory, 2000. "Macroeconomics," Worth Publishers, New York
Branson, W., 1989. Macroeconomic Theory and Practice. 3re ed., New York Harper and Row
Publishers.
Dornbusch, R., S. Fischer and R. Startz, 2002. Macroeconomics, 8th ed., Tata McGraw-Hill
Edition.
Dornbush, R., Fisher, S. , 1990. Macroeconomics. Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill
Jeffrey D. Sachs and Felipe Lаrrain B., 1993. Macroeconomics in the Global Economy, Prentice
Hall, Inc., first edition
Jerome Adda and Russell Cooper, 2003. Dynamic Economics (DE) by MIT Press.
Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, 2004. Recursive Macroeconomic Theory (RMT) 2nd Ed.,
MIT Press.
Michael Wickens, 2008. Macroeconomic Theory: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Approach
(MT), Princeton University Press.
Olivier Jean Blanchard and Stanley Fischer, Lectures on Macroeconomics, Prentice Hall of India
vt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2000
Parkin, Michael, and Robin Bade, 2000. Macroeconomics. 4th ed. Toronto: Addison Wesley.

69. 69

Shapiro, E., 2000. Macroeconomic Analysis 5
th
ed. Galgotia Publications Ltd.

8.3.10. Statistics for Economists (AgEc 232)

Course Description
The rationale for providing Statistics for Economists is to equip the students clearly understand
basic probability theory; discrete and continuous probability distribution; joint and conditional
probability distribution; sampling and sampling distribution; estimation and hypothesis testing.
The course is a very useful to agricultural economics students in their academic pursuit and a prior
knowledge of Statistics for Economists is essential for the students to comfortably understand
econometrics. Students are thus advised at the beginning to bear in mind the integration between
statistics and econometrics, which is offered in the following semester.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to apply the fundamental concepts of probability,
statistical inference, and hypothesis testing to analyse and model economic data effectively.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLO):
CLO-1: Uunderstand the basic concepts of probability theory and probability distributions.
CLO-2: Differentiate between various methods of parameter estimation and perform
hypothesis testing.
CLO-3: Apply statistical tools and techniques in economic analysis and modelling.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √

70. 70

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3
Topic One: Basic Probability Theory √
Topic Two: Random Variables and Discrete Probability
Distributions
√
Topic Three: Continuous Probability Distributions √
Topic Four: Joint and Conditional √ √
Topic Five: Sampling and Sampling Distributions √ √
Topic Six: Estimation √ √ √
Topic Seven: Hypothesis Testing √ √
Topic Eight: Index Number √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/class year Agricultural Economics/ year two semester one
Class Year Year 2 Semester II
Course Name Statistics for Economists
Curse Code AgEc 232
Credit Hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Introduction to statistics (Stat221)
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name:

e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lect
ure
Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Basic Probability
Theory
1.1. Definitions of Probability
1.2. Axioms of Probability
1.3. Marginal probability
1.4. Conditional Probability
1.5. Joint probability
1.6. Bayes' Theorem
6 6 15 21 Lectures
and
guided
reading
Quiz and
Mid exam
Topic Two: Random Variables and
Discrete Probability
Distributions
2.1. The Concept & Definition of a
Random Variables
2.2. Discrete Random Variables and
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture Quiz and
Mid exam

71. 71

their Probability Distributions
2.1.1. Bernoulli Distributions
2.1.2. Binomial Distributions
2.1.3. Trinomial Distribution
2.1.4. Multinomial Distribution
2.1.5. Hypergeometric Distribution
2.1.6. Poisson Distribution
Topic Three: Continuous
Probability Distributions
3.1. Normal Distribution
3.2. t – Distribution
3.3. Exponential Distribution
3.4. Gamma (Erlang) Distribution
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lectures
and
Homewor
k
assignme
nts
Quiz,
Assignment,
and Mid
exam
Topic Four: Joint and
Conditional
4.1. Probability Distributions
Joint Distributions
4.2. Marginal Distributions
4.3. Conditional Distributions and
Independence
4 2 6 15 21 Quiz and
Mid exam
Topic Five: Sampling and Sampling
Distributions
5.1. Random Sample
5.2. Statistic and Sample Moments
5.3. Law of Large Numbers
5.4. Central Limit Theorem
5.5. Sampling from Bernoulli and
Poisson Distributions
5.6. Sampling from a Normal
Distribution
5 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture Assignment
and Final
exam
Topic Six: Estimation
6.1. Basic Concepts of Estimation
6.2. Methods of Point Estimation
6.3. Desirable Properties of
Estimators
6.4. Interval Estimation
6.5. Estimation with small and large
samples
3 2 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture
and
guided
reading
Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Seven: Hypothesis Testing
7.1. Concept of index number
7.2. Characteristics of index
Number
7.3. Use of index number
7.4. Problem related to index
number
7.5. Classification of index number
3 2 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture
and
guided
reading
Assignment
and Final
exam

72. 72

7.6. Methods of constructing index
numbers
Topic Eight: Index Number
8.1. Concept of index number
8.2. Characteristics of index
Number
8.3. Use of index number
8.4. Problem related to index
number
8.5. Classification of index number
8.6. Methods of constructing index
numbers
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Final exam
Total Course Load 38 10 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous Assessment………… …..50%
Group assignments……….20%
Mid exam……………………….. 30%
Final Examination………………………….50%

Text Books/References:
Mood, A.M., F.A. Graybill and D.C. Boes (1988). Introduction to the Theory of Statistics, 3rd ed.,
McGraw-Hill.
Miller, I. and M. Miller (2002). John E. Freund’s Mathematical Statistics, 6th ed., Delhi: Pearson.
Freund, J.E. and G.A. Simon (1992). Modern Elementary Statistics, 8th ed., New Jersey: Prentice-
Hall.
Hooda, R. P. (2003). Statistics for Business and Economics, 3rd ed., New Delhi: Macmillan.
Freund, J.E. and R.E. Walpole (1987). Mathematical Statistics, 5th ed., New Delhi: Prentice Hall.
Hays, W.L (1994). Statistics, 5th ed., Florida: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
Hoel, P.G. (1984). Introduction to Mathematical Statistics, 5th ed.

8.3.11. Introduction to Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services (RDAE 242)

Course Description

This course introduces students to the basic concepts of agricultural extension and rural
development; philosophy and principles of agricultural extensions; history of agricultural

73. 73

extensions; role of agricultural extension in rural development; extension programme
development; implementation and evaluations; extension approaches for technology adoption and
diffusion of technology; challenges of agricultural extension policies with special emphasis on
extension policies in Ethiopian context.

Course objective
At the end of this course, students will be expected to become acquainted with the basic concepts
of agricultural extension and understand the role of agricultural extension in the adoption of
agricultural technologies.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the concepts, philosophy, and principles of agricultural extension.
CLO-2: Describe the historical development of agricultural extension and evaluate its role in
technology adoption and diffusion.
CLO-3: Apply various techniques used in agricultural extension practices.
CLO-4: Critically evaluate problems related to agricultural extension policies in Ethiopia.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4
Topic One: The History, Development, and Future of
Agricultural Extension
√ √
Topic Two: Extension Approaches √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Extension Strategies √ √ √
Topic Four : Diffusion and adoption of innovation √ √

74. 74

Topic Five : Extension & Extension Education √ √
Topic Six:- Extension Methods and Methods of
Influencing Human Behavior
√ √
Topic Seven:-Participatory Extension Approach √ √ √ √
Topic Eight:-Challenges for Agricultural Extension
Policies
√ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester II
Course Name Introduction to Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services
Course Code RDAE 242
Credit Hour 2CrHr/3 ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail
Tutor Name: e-mail
Consultation hours
Topics
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact hours Indepen
dent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: The History,
Development, and Future of
Agricultural Extension
1.1.The history of extension
1.2.The future
1.3.Extension terminology &
evolving definitions
1.4.Communication
processes within
extension systems
1.5.Paradigms of agricultural
extension4
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Quiz and Mid
exam
Topic Two: Extension
Approaches
2.1. Extension goals
2.2. Alternative ways of
organizing extension
2.2.1. General Clientele
Approaches
2.2.2. Extension to Selected
Clientele
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Group
assignment
and Mid
exam

75. 75

2.3. Present and future role of
extension staff Institutions
Topic Three: Extension
Strategies
3.1. Definition
3.2. Components of
Extension Strategies
3.2.1 Extension Objectives
3.2.2. Identification of
Clegories
3.2.3. Formulating Extension
Strategies
3.2.4. Selecting Appropriate
Extension Method
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Quiz and Mid
exam
Topic Four : Diffusion and
adoption of innovation
4.1 Definition
4.1. Innovation and diffusion
of innovation
4.2. The adoption process
4.3. Characteristics of social
system of adoption
4.4. Adoption category
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and Group
discussion
Quiz and Mid
exam
Topic Five: Extension &
Extension Education
5.1.Extension and
Government policy
5.2. Objectives of Extension
Organization
5.3. The role of Agricultural
Extension Services in the
AKIS
5.4. Models of Research-
Extension Linkage
5.5. Extension Education
4 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Six: - Extension
Methods and Methods of
Influencing Human
Behavior
6.1. Classification of
extension methods
6.1.1. According to Use
6.1.2. According to Form
6.2. Perception, Attitude and
Decision Making
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and Case
discussion
Assignment
and Final
exam

76. 76

6.2.1. Perception
6.2.2. Attitude
6.2.3. Decision Making
6.3. Methods of Influencing
Human Behavior
6.4. Designing Effective
Extension Messages
Topic Seven:-Participatory
Extension Approach
7.1. What is Participation?
7.2. Why Should Farmers
Participate
7.3. Who will participate?
7.4. When to Improve
Participation Approach
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and Group
discussion
Quiz and
Final exam
Topic Eight:-Challenges for
Agricultural Extension
Policies
8.1. Challenges for Farmers
and agriculture at large
8.2. Reinventing Extension
8.3. In conclusion: a new
societal for Extension
4 4 10 14 Lecture
and
Debate
Group
assignment
and Final
exam
Total Credit Hours: 32 32 80 112
Assessment:
Continuous Assessment………………………50%
Group assignments………………..20%
Mid exam…………………………30%
Final Examination……………………………50%

References
W. Van Den Ban & H.S. Hawkins (Agricutural) Exension Particularly In Extension Methods
Areas)
Jon Moris (Extension Alternatives In Tropical Africa Particularly In Exte Nsion Approaches
Areas)
Daniel B. & Baxter (Particularly In T&V Extesion System)

8.3.12. Natural Resource Management (NRM 252)

Course Description

77. 77

This course covers the concept and types of various natural resources and management perspective
of basic natural resources. The course will deliver major factors leading to natural resource
degradation and the consequence of due to degradation of natural resources. The course also covers
causal relationship between human development and natural resource/environmental degradation.
Population growth vs environment, poverty versus environment will be systematically delivered
to students. New paradigm to sustainable natural resource management to tackle the impact of
population growth, expansion of agricultural land and insatiable farming system on land and water
resource, environment, ecosystem intended to be covered in this course as well. Finally, the course
introduces students with the natural resource base in Ethiopia and how ill management of resources
resulted in soil erosion, nutrient depletion, low crop yield and low level of living.

Course objective
At the end of this course, students will be expected to become acquainted with the basic concepts
of agricultural extension and understand the role of agricultural extension in the adoption of
agricultural technologies.
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the environmental and natural resource base of Ethiopia.
CLO-2: Analyse the major factors contributing to environmental and natural resource
degradation.
CLO-3: Describe key concepts and systems related to natural resource management.
CLO-4: Evaluate the interconnections among poverty, population growth, and environmental
challenges.
CLO-5: Apply the principles of natural resource conservation in environmental planning.
CLO-6: Assess the principles and practices of sustainable natural resource management.
CLO-7: Interpret the causes and consequences of global environmental change.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

78. 78

CLO-1 √ √ √ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √ √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-6 √ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-7 √ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5 CLO-6 CLO-
7
Topic One: Environment and natural
resource related concepts
√ √
Topic Two: Natural resources and
components of the environment
√ √
Topic Three: Ecological concepts and
perspectives
√ √
Topic Four: Conservation and
management of natural resources
soil and water conservation and
management
√ √ √ √
Topic Five: Land conservation and
management
√ √ √ √
Topic Six: Sustainability, sustainable
development and natural
resources
√ √ √ √ √ √
Topic Seven: Human impacts on
resources and ecosystems
√ √ √ √ √
Topic Eight: Global and regional
concerns and their implications to
natural resources
√ √ √
Topic Nine: Institutional and policy
aspects of natural resource
management
√ √
Topic Ten: Land use planning, rural
land capability and participatory
decision making
√ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester II

79. 79

Course Name Natural Resource Management
Course Code NARM 252
Credit Hour 4 (3+1)Crhr/7 ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail
Tutor Name: e-mail
Consultation hours
Topics
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact hours Indepen
dent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Environment
and natural
resource related concepts
1.1. Introduction to
Environment
1.2. Environmental
Management
1.3. Natural Resources
1.4. Natural Resource
Management
1.5. A brief History of
Resource use, Technology
and Development
5 5 10 25 35 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Natural
resources and components
of the environment
2.1. Hydrosphere Resources
2.1.1. The Hydrologic
cycle
2.1.2. Human influences
on the hydrologic cycle
2.2. The Atmosphere
2.3. Lithospheric and
Energy Resources
2.3.1. Lithosphere
6 6 18 45 63 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Assignment,
Mid exam

80. 80

2.3.2. Renewable and non-
renewable resources
2.3.3. Resources and
reserves
2.3.4. Various
lithospheric energy
sources
2.4. Biosphere: Biomes,
Ecosystems, and
Biosystems
Topic Three: Ecological
concepts and
perspectives
3.1. What is Ecology?
3.2. Scope of Ecology
3.3. Disciplines of
Ecology
3.4. Fundamental
Concepts and Principles of
Ecology
4 4 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Four :
Conservation and mana
gement of natural resou
rces soil and water
conservation and
management
4.1. The Concept of
Conservation and
Sustainable Utilization of
Resources
4.2. Soil Resource
Conservation and
Management
4.3. Water Conservation
and Management
4.3.1. The water resource
6 6 12 30 42 Lecture
and
Practical
Demonstr
ation
Quiz, Mid
exam

81. 81

4.3.2. Water availability
and use
4.3.3. Types of water
resource management
Topic Five: Land
conservation and
management
5.1. Land
5.1.1. Effects of land usage
5.2. Forest
5.2.1. Forest distribution
5.2.2. Uses of forests and
forest products
5.2.3. Deforestation
5.3. Biodiversity
Conservation and
Management
5.3.1. Biological resources
5.3.2. Root causes of
biodiversity loss in
Ethiopia
5.3.3. Cross-cutting causes
of biodiversity loss
6 6 12 30 42\ Lecture
and Class
discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Six: Sustainability,
sustainable development
and natural resources
6.1. Sustainability
Principles
6.2. Models of
Sustainability and
Sustainable Development
6.3. The Sustainability
Challenges
4 4 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Assignment,
Final Exam
Topic Seven: Human
impacts on resources
and ecosystems
5 5 10 25 35 Lecture
and Group
Assignment,
Final Exam

82. 82

7.1. Human Impacts on
Resources and Ecosystems
7.1.1. Overexploitation of
mineral resources
7.1.2. Utilization and
modification of terrestrial
ecosystems
7.1.3. Impacts of
agricultural activities on
natural ecosystem
7.1.4. Environmental costs
of utilizing forest
ecosystems
7.1.5. Environmental costs
of utilizing rangelands
7.1.6. Environmental costs
of utilizing marine
ecosystems
7.1.7. Environmental costs of
utilizing freshwater
ecosystems
Presentati
on
Topic Eight: Global and
regional concerns and
their implications to
natural resources
8.1. Air Pollution
8.2. Global Warming
8.3 Green House Effect
8.4. Ozone Layer
Depletion
8.5. Global Climate
Change
8.6. Desertification
8.7. Deforestation and
Loss of Biodiversity
4 4 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Quiz,
Assignment,
Final Exam

83. 83

Topic Nine: Institutional
and policy aspects of
natural resource
management
9.1. Institutional and
Policy Aspects of Natural
Resource Management
9.2. Environmental
Principles
9.3. Aspects of
international Law
9.4. Important Lessons
Learned from
International
Environmental
Agreements
4 4 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Quiz, Final
Exam
Topic Ten: Land use
planning, rural land
capability and
participatory decision
making
10.1. Land Use Planning
10.2. Rural Land
Capability
10.3. Participatory
Decision Making
4 4 8 20 28 Lecture
and Class
discussion
Final Exam
Total Credit Hours: 48 48 96 240 336
Assessment/Evaluation
 Quiz --------------------------------------------------------- 5%
 Assignment -------------------------------------------------15%
 Mid-term Exam --------------------------------------------30%
 Final exam --------------------------------------------------50%

Refferences
Bessette G 2004. Involving the Community: A Guide to Participatory Development
Communication. International Development Research Centre: Ottawa,Canada.
Brady, John ed. 2006. Environmental Management in Organizations. The IEMA Handbook.
Easthscan Publications Limited. UK & USA.

84. 84

Chuang, Liu-Huiung, et.al., 1991. Soil and Water Conservation: A world Wide Goal, The 1991
Year Book of Agriculture.
Maravelan R 2005. Principles of Environmental Engineering. Narayanaguda, India: Scitech

8.3.13. Farm Power and Machinery (AgEn 262)

Course Description
This course briefly exposes students to the basic principles of agricultural mechanization: design
and construction of farm machinery; power transmission and lubrication; tillage history and
requirements, objectives; primary tillage implements, secondary tillage implements, Planting
machinery, fertilizer applicators, chemical applicators, weeders; harvesting and threshing
equipment; selection and management of farm machinery, estimation of cost and performance of
farm machinery, handling and maintenance of farm machinery.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to identify appropriate agricultural machinery and
determine power requirements and sources based on specific operational needs. Additionally, they
will develop effective machinery management strategies, including equipment matching,
ownership decisions, and exploring alternative use options such as leasing or custom hiring.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Identify appropriate equipment for various agricultural operations.
CLO-2: Calculate the power requirements for specific agricultural tasks.
CLO-3: Select suitable power sources based on operational needs.
CLO-4: Develop feasible machinery management programs.
CLO-5: Make informed decisions regarding machinery ownership versus alternative options
such as leasing or custom hiring.
CLO-6: Evaluate compatibility between tractors and implements for efficient operation.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

85. 85

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5 CLO-6
Topic One: Concepts of Agricultural
mechanization
√ √ √ √
Topic Two: Farm machinery √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Transmission of power
Importance
√ √
Topic Four: Tillage √ √ √
Topic Five: Planting equipment √ √ √ √
Topic Six: Fertilizer and chemical
applicators
√ √ √
Topic Seven: Harvesters & threshers √ √ √ √ √
Topic Eight: Estimation of cost of farm
machinery
√ √ √
Topic Nine: Selection & management of
farm machinery
√ √ √
Topic Ten: Handling and maintenance
of farm machinery
√ √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester II
Course Name Farm Power and Machinery
Course Code AgEn262
Credit Hour 2 (1+1)CrHr/3ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:

86. 86

Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Concepts of
agricultural
mechanization
1.1. Definition,
1.2. history,
1.3. levels,
1.4. objectives, benefits,
limitations
1.5. status of agricultural
mechanization
1 3 4 10 14 Lecture,
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Farm
machinery
2.1. Definition,
2.2. Basic principles (Force,
work, power), materials
of construction, sources
of power (Internal
Combustion Engine
1 3 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz,
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Transmission
of power Importance
3.1. Objectives
3.2. Methods
3.2.1. Direct drive pulleys &
belts,
3.2.2. Sprocket & chain
3.2.3. Gears
3.2.4. Lubrication
1 3 4 10 14 Lecture,
Practical
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Tillage
4.1. Introduction,
4.2. Primary tillage equipment
4.2.1. Mold board
4.2.2. Disc
4.2.3. Rotary
4.2.4. Chisel
4.2.5. Subsoile
4.3. Secondary tillage
equipment
4.3.1. Harrows
4.3.2. Cultivators
4.4. Methods of ploughing with
a tractor
1 3 4 10 14 Lecture,
Field Work
Assignment,
Mid Exam

87. 87

Topic Five: Planting
equipment
5.1. Definition
5.2. Planting methods
5.3. Classification of
planting machinery 5.4.
Functional requirements
& components of planting
machinery
5.5. metering & metering
devices
5.6. calibration
2 6 8 20 28 Lecture,
Practical
Assignment,
Final Exam
Topic Six: Fertilizer and
chemical applicators
6.1. Broadcaster
6.2. Granular
6.3. Liquid fertilizer
applicators
6.4. Sprayers & dusters
2 6 8 20 28 Lecture,
Field Work
Assignment,
Final Exam
Topic Seven: Harvesters &
threshers
7.2. Harvesting
7.3. Harvesting methods and
equipment
7.3.1. M
ower
7.3.2. B
alers
7.4. Threshing and threshing
equipment components
7.5. Combine harvester
2 6 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Eight: Estimation of
cost of farm machinery
1.1. Fixed and variable costs
1.2. Timelines cost
1.3. Cost per hours of
operation
1.4. Cost per area covered
2 6 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Nine: Selection &
management of farm
machinery
9.1. Machine performance
9.2. Capacity estimation
9.2.1. Field capacity
9.2.2. Material capacity
2 6 8 20 28 Lecture Assignment,
Final Exam

88. 88

9.3.Machinery management:
owning or hiring?
9.4. Fitting capacity to time
available
9.5. Estimation of power
Topic Ten: Handling and
maintenance of farm
machinery
10.1. Definition
10.2. Objectives
10.3.Approaches of
maintenance and repair
10.4.Strategies for extending
machinery life
2 6 8 20 28 Lecture Assignment,
Final Exam
Total Credit Hours 16 48 64 160 224
Assessment
Continuous assessments……………...50%
Practical Assignment ………………20
Quiz……………………….10
Mid exam………………………..20
Final Exam…………………………….50%

Refferences
Donnell Hunt & David Wilson (2016). Farm Power and Machinery Management: Eleventh
Edition. Waveland Press
Kalay Khan, Jagvir Dixit, Padam Singh & Mukesh Rana (2021). Elements of Farm Power and
Machinery. Brillion Publishing
Waswa F., Shitanda D and Mukolwe, M. (2022). Farm Energy, Power and Machinery for Non-
Engineers: A Reader for University and College Students in Kenya. KurArts Designs and
Digital Printers, Nairobi.

8.3.14. Gender and Youth in Development (RDAE 272)

Course Description
This study equips learners to incorporate the concepts of gender in Agricultural Economics. It
focuses on issues related to the impact of Agricultural interventions specifically on women and
youth, understanding women’s and youth position, how changes in the economic aspect of the
agriculture might affect gender inequality, and the main constraints for women and youth in terms
of gaining from participation. It discusses how different national and worldwide policies and goals

89. 89

are directing both development organizations and private firms to improve women and youth
positions in the economic development of the sector.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to analyze the roles, equity issues, and contributions
of gender and youth within the context of Agricultural Economics. They will also apply gender
analysis frameworks and evaluate policies to effectively mainstream gender and youth in
agricultural economic planning and development.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the concepts of gender and youth within the context of Agricultural
Economics.
CLO-2: Analyse the roles, positions, and equity issues related to gender and youth in
agricultural economic systems.
CLO-3: Apply gender analysis frameworks and tools in agricultural contexts.
CLO-4: Integrate gender and youth considerations into agricultural economic planning and
decision-making.
CLO-5: Evaluate policy issues and implications related to gender and youth in Agricultural
Economics.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-
1
√ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-
2
√ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-
3
√ √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √
CLO-
4
√ √

√

√ √ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

90. 90

CLO-
5
√ √

√

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5
Topic One: Concept of Gender Gender’ and its
difference from ‘Sex’
√
Topic Two: Gender Analysis Frameworks/Tools √ √ √
Topic Three: Women & Men Farmers in Rural
Development
√
Topic Four: Empowerment of women √ √
Topic Five: Rural Youth in Agricultural Rural
Development
√ √
Topic Six: Leadership for Development √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester II
Course Name Gender and Youth in Development
Course Code RDAE 272
Credit Hour 2CrHr/3ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topics Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical
/Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Concept of Gender
Gender’ and its difference from
‘Sex’
1.2 Gender Division of Labor
(GDoL)
1.2.1 Triple roles of gender
1.2.2 Practical & Strategic
Gender Needs/ Interests (PGN
& SGN)
1.3 Policy Approaches to Women
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
n, Case
Study
Quiz,
Assignment,
Mid exam

91. 91

1.3.1 WID – Women in
Development
approach/movement
1.3.2 GAD – Gender and
Development
approach/movement
1.4 Critical areas of concern/
intervention for women in
development worldwide
1. 4.1 Global History of women’s
movement
1.4.2 National Context for
Gender Issues
1.4.3 Gender related problems in
Ethiopia
Topic Two: Gender Analysis
Frameworks/Tools
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Gender Analysis Frameworks
(GAF)
2.3 The Harvard Gender
Analytical Framework
2.4 The Moser Gender Analytical
Framework
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Presentati
on
Group Work,
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Three: Women & Men
Farmers in Rural
Development
3.1 The need to work with both
men & women farmers
3.2 Barriers to women ’s
involvement in extension
3.3. Difficulties faced by Rural
Development workers in
reaching women farmers
3.4 Developing Appropriate
Extension Packages for Women
3.5 Contacting rural women
3.6 Mobilizing women groups for
self-help development
3.7 Policy Related Issues for
Rural Women
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Participat
ory
Discussio
n
Assignment,
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Four: Empowerment of
women
4.1 Concept of empowerment
4 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam

92. 92

4.2 Economic empowerment of
women
4.3 Social Empowerment
Topic Five: Rural Youth in
Agricultural Rural
Development
5.1 Who are the rural youth?
5.2 Common problems faced by
rural youth world-wide
5.3 Rural Youth in Extension
5.4 Attempts made to organize the
rural youth in Ethiopia
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Class
Discussio
n
Quiz, Group
Assignment,
Final exam
Topic Six: Leadership for
Development
6.1. Introduction
6.2 Qualifications for lay leaders
6.3 Methods of selecting lay
leaders
6.4 Opinion Leadership
6.5 Opinion leader ship
6.6 Theories of leadership
6.7 Style of leadership
6 6 15 21 Lecture Final exam
Total Credit Hours 32 32 80 112
Assessment:
Continuous assessment 50%.
Each assessment not greater than 15%
Final exam 50%

References
Bruce, J., 1989, ‘Homes Divided’, World Development, Vol.17, No.7, pp979-991, Pergamon Press
Evans, A., 1991, ‘Gender issues in rural household economics’, IDS Bulletin, Vol.22, No.1,
Institute of Development Studies, Brighton
Byrne, B., and Koch-Laier, J., with Baden, S., and Marcus, R., 1996, ‘National machineries for
women in development: experiences, lessons and strategies for institutionalizing gender in
development policy and planning’, BRIDGE Report, No.36, Institute of Development
Studies, Brighton
Bloomington, Indiana University Press Moore, H. 1994, A Passion for Difference, Cambridge,
Polity Oxfam, 1995, ‘Women and Culture,’ Gender and Development, Oxfam Journal, Vol.3,
No.1, February, Oxfam, Oxford

93. 93

Bunch, C., and Carrillo, R., Gender Violence: A Development and Human Rights Issue, Center for
Women’s Global Leadership.
Development Assistance Committee (DAC), 1998, ‘Gender, Equality and Culture’, in DAC Source
Book on Concepts and Approaches linked to Gender Equality, OECD, Paris
Development, ol.23, No.11, pp2001-04 Kandiyoti, D., 1998, ‘Gender, power and contestation:
rethinking bargaining with patriarchy’, in Jackson, C., and Pearson, R., (eds.), 1998, Feminist
Visions of Development: Gender Analysis and Policy, Routledge, London.
Mohanty, C. (1991) ‘Under Western Eyes. Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourse’ in
Mohanty, C., Russo, A. and L. Torres (eds.), 1991, Third World Women and the Politics of
Feminism,
Nussbaum, M., and Glover, J., 1995, Women, Culture and Development: A Study of Human
Capabilities, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
The British Council, 1999, ‘Violence against Women: A briefing document on international issues
and responses’, The British Council, London.
Heise, L., with Pitanguy, J., and Germain, A., 1994, ‘Violence Against Women: The hidden health
burden,’ World Bank Discussion Paper, No.255, International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development, The World Bank, Washington D.C.

8.4.Third Year
8.4.1. Mathematics for Economists (AgEc 311)

Course Description
This course focuses on the mathematical methods and models that are required to understand
current economics and to investigate economic models. The purpose of this educational unit is to
expose students to the basic concepts and area of economic application of mathematics. It is aimed
to equip students with the basic mathematical tools and techniques that can be used for solving
and formulating business problems and for making business decisions (in market equilibrium
analysis and price determination, break-even and marginal analysis, investment appraisal,
optimization problems and determination of Producers’ and Consumers’ surplus).

94. 94

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to apply mathematical tools such as linear algebra,
calculus, and optimization techniques to analyze and solve economic problems. They will
understand and compute the time value of money, including interest rates, annuities, and mortgage
payments. Additionally, students will be able to solve both unconstrained and constrained
optimization problems using analytical methods, including Lagrange Multipliers and the Border-
Hessian determinant.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Apply linear and matrix algebras to economic problems
CLO-2: Understand time value of money and calculate interest rates on investments, annuities,
and mortgage payments.
CLO-3: Apply the univariate and multivariate differential calculus to solve economic
relationships
CLO-4: Apply integration rules on economic theories
CLO-5: Apply the technique of unconstrained optimization in solving economic problems
CLO-6: Solve constrained optimization problems using substitution, Lagrange Multiplier and
Border-Hessian determinant method

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

95. 95

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5 CLO-6
Topic One: Introduction to
Mathematics as a language for
Economists
√
Topic Two: Equations and
Economic Applications
√ √ √
Topic Three: Sequences, Series and
Mathematics of Finance
√
Topic Four: Limit √
Topic Five: Univariate Differential
Calculus and its applications
√ √ √
Topic Six: Multivariate Differential
Calculus and its applications
√ √ √ √
Topic Seven: Integral Calculus in
Economics
√ √ √
Topic Eight: Matrix Algebra and its
applications
√ √ √
Topic Nine: Optimization √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester I
Course Name Mathematics for Economists
Course Code AgEc 311
Credit hours 4CrHr/7ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours tives
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs)

Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction
1.1 Mathematics as a language for
Economists
1.2 Mathematical Economics:
Basics and Purposes
1.3 Economic Models
2 2 5 7 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam

96. 96

Topic two: Equations and
Economic Applications
2.1. Linear function
2.2. Economic applications of
Linear function
2.3. Nonlinear functions
2.4. Economic applications of non-
linear and quadratic functions
2.5. Functions and curves in
Economics
2.5.1. Modeling of supply and
demand analysis, market
equilibrium, national income
determination
2.5.2. Modeling of revenue, cost and
profit
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture,
Tutorial
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Sequences, Series and
Mathematics of Finance
3.1 Sequence and Series
3.1. Arithmetic and geometric
progressions
3.2 Interest Rates, Savings and
Loans
3.3 Compounding and Discounting
3.4 Present Value and Investment
appraisal
3.5 Annuities and Perpetuities
3.6 Mortgage Payments and
Amortization
6 4 10 25 35 Lecture Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Limit
4.1 The concept of limit and rate of
change
4.2 The limit theorem and
evaluation of limits
2 2 5 7 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Five: Univariate Differential
Calculus and its applications
5.1 Definition of derivative and its
basic rules
5.2 Economic applications of
derivatives
5.2.1 Marginal analysis
5.2.2 Point price elasticity of
demand
5.3 Relative maximum and
minimum
5.3.1 First order derivative test for
relative extremum
5.3.2 Second order derivative test
for relative extremum
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam

97. 97

5.4 Further topics on Applications
5.4.1 Monotonicity
5.4.2 Concavity and convexity
5.4.3 Curve sketching
Topic Six: Multivariate Differential
Calculus and its applications
6.1 Partial Derivatives
6.2 Higher-order partial derivatives
and Young’s Theorem
6.3 Total differential
6.4 Total derivatives
6.5 Economic applications of
multivariate calculus
6.5.1 Marginal analysis
6.5.2 Level curves and Rate of
Substitutions
6.5.3 Homogeneity and Return to
Scale
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture,
Tutorial
Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Seven: Integral Calculus in
Economics
7.1 Indefinite and Definite
integrals
7.2 Fundamental rules of
integration
7.3 Integration by substitution and
by parts
7.4 Economic applications of
integral calculus
7.4.1 Developing a total function
from marginal function
7.4.2 Investment capital formation
7.4.3 Consumer’s and Producer’s
Surplus
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture,
Tutorial
Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Eight: Matrix Algebra and
its applications
8.1 Application of Basic Matrix
operations
8.2 Determinants and Inverse of a
Matrix
8.3 Solving a system of linear
economic equations by
Cramer’s rule
5 3 8 20 28 Lecture,
Tutorial
Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Nine: Optimization
9.1 Unconstrained optimization
9.1.1 Optimization with one any
many variables
9.1.2 Multi-product Monopolist
8 4 12 30 42 Lecture,
Tutorial
Assignment,
Final exam

98. 98

9.1.3 Cournot Duopoly Ignoring
Interdependence for
Homogenous Product
9.1.4 Joint Duopoly Assuming
interdependence
9.2 Constrained optimization
9.2.1 Constrained optimization with
equality and inequality
constraints
9.2.2 Cost minimization and profit
maximization
9.2.3 Maximization of Logarithmic
Utility Function
Total Course Load 45 19 64 160 224
Assessment
Continuous assessments…...50%
Assignment-I…...10
Assignment-II….10
Quiz………….….5
Mid Exam …….25
Final Exam……………….50%

References
Simon Carl P and Lawrence Blume.,1994. Mathematics for Economists. W.W.Norton.
Mike Rosser, 2003. Basic Mathematics for Economists, 2
nd
edition. Routledge.
Alpha Chiang and Kevin Wainwright, 2005. Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics,
4
th
edition, McGraw-Hill.
Ian Jacques, 2018. Mathematics for Economics and Business, 9th edition, Prentice Hall.
Sydsæter, Knut, Peter Hammond, Arne Strøm and Andrés Carvajal, 2016. Essential Mathematics
for Economic Analysis, 5th edition, Pearson.
Raymond A. Barnett, Michael R. Ziegler, Karl E. Byleen. 2011. Calculus for business, economics,
life sciences, and social sciences. 12th edition.
Teresa Bradley and Paul Patton, 2008. Essential Mathematics for Economics and Business, John
Wiley & Sons.

8.4.2. Macroeconomics II (AgEc 321)

Course Description

99. 99

Macroeconomics II (AgEc321) is a three credit hour course and it is expected to be covered in 48
hours. It is an extension of Macroeconomics I and focuses on advanced concepts in
macroeconomics. The course begins by introducing students with the equilibrium income
determination. This will be followed by consumption spending and related theories; investment
spending and saving and related theories and money market. The course also covers the issues of
product and money market models, the concepts of balance of payments and exchange rate and,
economic growth and development issues.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to analyze the determinants of national income,
including consumption, investment, and equilibrium income. They will evaluate the role of
monetary and fiscal policies using IS-LM analysis and understand the function of money and
capital markets in stabilizing the economy. Additionally, students will be able to explain key
macroeconomic issues such as balance of payments, exchange rates, and economic growth and
development.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain how equilibrium income is determined
CLO-2: Discuss the theories of consumption, investment and its effect on national income
determination.
CLO-3: Explain the role of money in an economy
CLO-4: Analyze the IS and LM curves and how the monetary and fiscal policy instruments
stabilize the economy
CLO-5: Understand the concept of capital market and its components
CLO-6: Describe balance of payment and types of exchange rates
CLO-7: Explain growth and development issues in macroeconomics

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

100. 100

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

P
LO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-7 √ √ √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-2 CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Equilibrium Income
Determination
√
Topic Two: Consumption Spending √
Topic Three: Investment and Saving √
Topic Four: The Money Market √ √
Topic Five: Product and Money
Market Model
√ √ √
Topic Six: Balance of Payment and
Exchange Rate
√
Topic Seven: Economic Growth and
Development
√


Content and Thematic Plan
Program/ class year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester I
Course Title Macroeconomics II
Course Code AgEc321
Credits hour 3CrHrs/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Macroeconomics I (AgEc222)
Status of the course Compulsory
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

101. 101


Topic
Total Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact hrs. Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs.) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Equilibrium Income
Determination
1.1. The Components of income
1.2. Keynesian Cross and the
Economy in Equilibrium
1.3. Fiscal policy and Multipliers
1.3.1. Government Purchase
multiplier
1.3.2. Tax multiplier
1.3.3. The Balanced Budget
Multiplier
3 1 4 10 14
Lecture,
Discussion,
Practical
Work and
Case Study
Quiz and
Mid Exam
Topic Two: Consumption
Spending
2.1. Definition and Concepts of
Consumption
2.2. Theories of Consumption
2.2.1. Keynesian absolute income
hypothesis
2.2.2. Relative Income hypothesis
2.2.3. Fisher’s Intertemporal Model
2.2.4. Modegliani’s Life-Cycle
Hypothesis
2.2.5. Friedman’s Permanent
Income hypothesis
6 2 8 20 28
Lecture,
Discussion,
Practical
Work and
Case
Studies
Quiz and
Mid Exam
Topic Three: Investment and
Saving
3.1. Meaning of capital and
investment
3.2. The Rationales and Decision
Criteria for Investment
3.3. Investment Demand and
Saving Curve
3.4. Theories of Investment
3.4.1. Keynesian marginal
efficiency of capital (MEC)
3.4.2. Accelerator theory of
investment
3.4.3. Internal fund theory of
investment
3.4.4. Tobin q – theory of
investment
3.4.5. Neo-classical theory of
investment
3.5. Determinants of Investment in
Less Developed Countries
6 2 8 20 28
Lecture,
Discussion
and
Practical
Work
Assignment,
Quiz, and
Mid Exam

102. 102

Topic Four: The Money Market
4.1. Types of Money
4.2. Money Supply
4.2.1. Components of money
supply
4.2.2. Creation of money and
banking system
4.2.3. A simple Model of Money
Supply
4.2.4. Money supply, Near Money
and Seigniorage
4.2.5. Income Velocity of Money
and Quantity Theory
4.3. Demand for Money
4.3.1. Major functions of money
4.3.2. Theories of demand for
money
4.4 Money Market Equilibrium
6 2 8 20 28
Lecture and
Practical
Work
Term Papers-
Presentation
and Final
Exam
Topic Five: Product and Money
Market Model
5.1. The product market- the IS
curve
5.1.1 Deriving the IS curve
5.1.2 Fiscal Policy and the IS
Curve
5.2. The money market- the LM
curve
5.2.1. Deriving the LM curve
5.2.2. Monetary Policy and the LM
Curve
5.3. Equilibrium in the goods and
money markets: IS-LM (closed
economy model)
5.4. Equilibrium in the goods and
money markets: IS-LM (Open
economy model)
5.5. Concept of Capital Market
5.5.1. Components of Capital
Market
5.5.2. Capital market in Ethiopia
8 2 10 25 35
Lecture,
Discussion
and
Practical
Work
Quiz and
Final Exam
Topic Six: Balance of Payment
and Exchange Rate
5.2 Balance of payment
6.1.1. Concepts and components
of Balance of Payment
6.1.2. Balance of payments
settlement and adjustment
6.1.3. Balance of Payments and
Economic Policy
5 1 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussion
and
Practical
Work
Term Papers-
Presentation
and Final
Exam

103. 103

6.2. Exchange rate
6.2.1. Fixed exchange rate
6.2.2. Flexible exchange rate
Topic Seven: Economic Growth
and Development
6.3. Meanings of Economic growth
and development
6.4. Measurements of Economic
Development
6.5. Characteristics of
Underdeveloped Economies
4 0 4 10 14 Lecture and
Discussion
Quiz and
Final Exam
Total hrs. 37 11 48 120 168
Assessment Methods
Assignments (Macroeconomic debates) 20%
Mid-exam 30%
Final examination 50%
Total 100%

References
Mankiw, N. G., 2016. Macroeconomics, 9
th
ed., Worth Publishing, U.S.A.
Mankiw, N. Gregory, 2000. "Macroeconomics," Worth Publishers, New York
Dornbush, R., Fisher, S., 1990. Macroeconomics. Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill
Jeffrey D. Sachs and Felipe Lаrrain B., 1993, Macroeconomics in the Global Economy, Prentice-
Hall, Inc., first edition
Jerome Adda and Russell Cooper, 2003, Dynamic Economics (DE), MIT Press.
Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, 2004. Recursive Macroeconomic Theory (RMT) 2nd Ed.,
MIT Press
Michael Wickens, 2008. Macroeconomic Theory: A Dynamic General Equilibrium Approach
(MT) Princeton University Press
Olivier Jean Blanchard and Stanley Fischer, 2000, Lectures on Macroeconomics, Prentice Hall of
India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
Parkin, Michael, and Robin Bade, 2000. Macroeconomics. 4th ed. Toronto: Addison Wesley
Shapiro, E., 2000. Macroeconomic Analysis 5th ed. Galgotia Publications Ltd.

8.4.3. Farm Management (AgEc 312)

104. 104

Course Description
Farm management as a subject matter is the application of agricultural science, business and
economic principles in farming from the point of view of an individual farmer. The principles may
serve as a guideline for collecting and using requisite information for rational decision making.
The course is intended to equip students with basic tools used for making decisions on farm
management contexts and the tools required in managing the organization and operation of a firm
for continuous profits and efficiency. Tasks included in this course are: the nature, objectives, and
importance of farm management, farm management problems, production relationships in
farming, economic principles applied to farm management, farm planning and budgeting, farm
accounts and records, risk management in farm business and management of main farm resources.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to apply economic and management tools to analyze
and solve farm-related problems. They will develop effective farm plans through investment
analysis, budgeting, and resource optimization. Additionally, students will be able to assess risks
and recommend strategies to minimize uncertainty and enhance decision-making in farm
operations.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Identify various production relations in pursuit of optimal resources combination that
suites specific farm situation,
CLO-2: Apply management science and economics tools to solve farm related problems,
CLO-3: Analyze farm business investment opportunities for effective farm planning,
CLO-4: Apply farm planning and budgeting techniques in farm management decision-making,
CLO-5: Apply economic principles and theories for optimum resource allocation and
utilization,
CLO-6: Expect the various risks and device different methods to avoid and/or reduce impact
of risk and uncertainty in farm operations, and
CLO-7: Prepare farm plan and recommend on the feasible alternative activities.

105. 105

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-7 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Concepts of Farm
Management and Decision Making
Definition and Scope
√
Topic Two: Production Resources and
Management
√ √ √
Topic Three: Analysis of Farm Records
and Accounts
√ √
Topic Four: Farm Planning and
Budgeting
√ √ √ √ √
Topic Five: Role of gender in Farm
Business and Its Management
√ √

Contents and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester II
Course Name Farm Management
Curse Code AgEc 331
Credit hours/ECTS 3CrHrs/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Microeconomics I and II
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours

106. 106

Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepen
dent
study
Total
(Hrs)
Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Concepts of Farm
Management and Decision
Making Definition and Scope
1.1. Preliminary Concepts
1.2. Nature and Characteristics of
Farm Management
1.3. Objectives and Scope of Farm
Management
1.4. Farm Management Problems
in Developing Countries
1.5. Characteristics of Farming as a
Business
1.6. Farm Decision Making Process
4 4 10 14
Lecture,
Discussio
n, and
Case
Study
Quiz and Mid
Exam
Topic Two: Production Resources
and Management
2.1. Farm Resources
2.2. Rewards for using farm
resources
2.3. Farm Resources Valuation
8 8 20 28
Lecture
and Case
Study
Quiz and Mid
Exam
Topic Three: Analysis of Farm
Records and Accounts
3.2. Farm Records and Accounts
3.3. Measures of Financial Success
and Capital Position
10 2 12 30 42
Lecture
and
Practical
Work
Assignment,
Quiz, and
Mid Exam
Topic Four: Farm Planning and
Budgeting
4.1. Farm Planning
4.2. Farm Budgeting and Types of
Budget
4.3. Linear Programming
4.4. Risk and Uncertainty in
Agriculture
12 4 16 40 56
Lecture
and
Practical
Work
Term Papers-
Presentation
and Final
Exam
Topic Five: Role of gender in
Farm Business and Its
Management
5.1. Division of labor in farm
production
5.2. Decision-making on farm
production
8 8 20 28
Lecture
and
Discussio
n
Quiz and
Final Exam
Total Course Load 42 6 48 120 168

107. 107

Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …..20
Final Exam….50%

References
Cramer, G.L.; Jensen, C.W.; and Southgate, D.D. (1997) Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness
(7
th
edition). John Willy & Sons inc. New York
Halcrow, G. (1981) Eoconomics of Agriculture, International Student Edition. McGraw-Hill
international Book Company
Ronald D. Kay and William M. Edwards, 1999. Farm Management (4th edition). WCB/McGraw
Hill.
Tony Prato, 1998. Natural Resource and Environmetal Economics. Iowa State University Press,
Ames, USA.
V.T. Raju, & D.V.S. Rao (1990), Economics of Farm Production and Management, Oxford & IBH
publishing co., New Delhi, India
Baskar, V.D.C. and Nandhini, S.U. (2019). Farm Management, Production and Resource
Economics. Ideal International E- Publication

8.4.4. Research Methods for Agricultural Economics (AgEc 341)

Course Description
The aim of this course is to develop students' knowledge and understanding of quantitative and
qualitative research methods in Agricultural Economics. It offers basic concepts of research, types
of research and the importance of the research. It will introduce research problem and problem
identification techniques. The course among others describes theoretical underpinnings of research
and the philosophical foundation of quantitative and qualitative research paradigm. Intellectual
and methodological debates among research paradigm will be discussed. The course equips
students with the skill to review both theoretical and empirical literature that allow them to conduct
research in Agricultural Economics. In addition, designing different data collection techniques,

108. 108

managing data and analyzing data are core to this course. Students will be equipped with
knowledge and skill to conduct original research work in Agricultural Economics.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to understand and differentiate various types of
research and research paradigms, including their methodological strengths and weaknesses. They
will be able to apply appropriate research paradigms, theories, and data collection methods to
address problems in Agricultural Economics. Additionally, students will be able to critically review
relevant literature and demonstrate the ability to connect theoretical frameworks with practical
research processes.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Conceptualize research and understand different types of research
CLO-2: Describe and compare different research paradigm based on their methodological
strength and weakness
CLO-3: Select and apply research paradigm in problems in Agricultural Economics
CLO-4: Critical review relevant literature in their field of study
CLO-5: Explain the relationship between theory and research process and the role of theory
in guiding practical research.
CLO-6: Construct an effective data collection tools for both qualitative and qualitative
research

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

109. 109

CLO-6 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5 CLO-6
Topic One: Introduction to Research √ √ √
Topic Two: Problem Identification
in Research
√ √ √
Topic Three: Literature Reviews √ √
Topic Four: Research Design √ √ √
Topic Five: Methods of Data
Collection
√ √
Topic Six: Processing and Analysis
of Data and Writing report
√ √
Topic Seven: Proposal Writing √ √
Topic Eight: Interpretation and
Report writing
√ √
Topic Nine: Introduction to
Plagiarism
√ √


Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester I
Course Name Research Methods for Agricultural Economics
Curse Code AgEc 341
Credit hour 3CrHrs/5ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours

Topics
Total Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs)

Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction to
Research
1.1. Meaning, objectives, motive
and relevance of research
5 1 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam

110. 110

1.2. Importance of research for
Agribusiness mangers (for
decision making)
1.3. philosophical behind research
1.4. Types of research
1.5. Research process (Is it
difference in qualitative and
quantitative research?)
Topic Two: Problem
Identification in Research
2.1. Hat is the research problem?
2.1.1. Writing the research
problem
2.2. Selecting researchable topic
2.3. Characteristics of research
problem
2.4. Where to find research
problem?
2.5. Steps in identifying research
problem
2 1 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture,
Group
Work
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Three: Literature Reviews
3.1. Reading for Research in
Agricultural Economics
3.2. What does it mean to carry out
a Review?
3.3. Importance, purposes, and
Functions
3.4. Types of literature reviewing
2 1 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture,
Practical,
Literature
Search
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Research Design
4.1. What is research design?
4.2. Importance of research design
4.3. Sampling design
4.4. Sample Size determination
4.5. Sampling methods
4.5.1. Non probability sampling
(quota, purposive, judgmental
and convenient sampling).
4.5.2. Probability sampling
(simple random sampling,
stratified random sampling,
systematic sampling and
cluster random sampling).
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture,
Case
Studies,
Practical
Work
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Five: Methods of Data
Collection
5.1. Indicators and Variables
5.2. Measurement Scale
5.3. Types of data
5.4. Collection of Primary Data
5.5. Collection of Secondary Data
5 3 8 20 28 Lecture Final exam

111. 111

Topic Six: Processing and
Analysis of Data and
Writing report
6.1. Data management
6.2. Quantitative analysis
6.2.1. Non–Parametric
6.2.2. Parametric Analysis
6.2.3. Hypothesis formulation
and Testing
6.3. Qualitative Analysis
6.4. Research report writing
8 4 12 30 42 Practical,
SPSS/Excel
Tutorials
Final Exam
Topic Seven: Proposal Writing
7.1. Meaning and purpose of
proposal
7.2. Structure of a research
proposal
7.3. Writing a successful research
proposal
7.4 Common mistakes in writing
proposal
2 1 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Presentation,
Final exam
Topic Eight: Interpretation and
Report writing
8.1. Purpose of Report Writing
8.2. Different Steps in Writing
Report
8.3. Components of a research
report
8.3.1. Abstracts, introduction,
objective, limitation &
significance
8.3.2. Review of literature and
methodology
8.4. Findings, conclusion,
recommendations & reference
citation
2 2 5 7 Practical Final Exam
Topic Nine: Introduction to
Plagiarism
9.1. What is plagiarism?
9.2. Types of plagiarism.
9.3. Who plagiaries and why?
9.4. How to avoid plagiarism?
2 1 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture,
Case Study
Assignment,
Final exam
Total Course Load 34 14 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20

112. 112

Final Exam….50%

References

Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Age International
Publishers.
Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners. SAGE
Publications.
Ndambiri, H. (2019). Research Methods in Agricultural and Resource Economics
Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi. (2014). Research Methodology for Agricultural Economics
Cooper, D.R. and C.W.Emory (1995). Business Research Methods, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill
Companies, USA.
Dawson, C. (2003). Practical Research Methods: A User-friendly Guide to Mastering Research
Techniques and Projects. UBSPD Private Limited, New Delhi
Dooley, D. (2003). Social Research Methods. 3
rd
ed, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New
Delhi.
Ghosh, B.N. (1982). Scientific Method and Social Research, Sterling Publishers Pvt.Ltd, New
Delhi.
Sadhu, A.N. and Singh, A. (1996). Research Methodology in Social Sciences. Himalaya
Publishing House
Dechassa, Nigussie Alemayehu, et al. (2022). Research Methods: A Handbook for Agricultural
Researchers.

8.4.5. Ethiopian Economy (AgEc 351)

Course Description
The course is designed to provide students with structure of the national income and the national
income account of Ethiopia, recent performances of the different sectors in the Ethiopian economy,
the Ethiopian economy and different socio-economic conditions, import and export performance,
trade, financial sector and public finance, and contemporary development policies in Ethiopia.

113. 113

Course objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to analyze the structure and performance of the
Ethiopian economy, including national income accounts and key economic sectors. They will
evaluate the dynamics of Ethiopia's external trade, financial sector, and public finance.
Additionally, students will be able to assess contemporary development policies and socio-
economic conditions affecting Ethiopia's economic growth.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the structure of the national income and national income account of Ethiopia
CLO-2: Evaluate the performance of different sectors in the Ethiopian Economy
CLO-3: Analyze the Ethiopian Economy and different socio-economic conditions
CLO-4: Examine import and export performance
CLO-5: Comprehend the situation of financial sector and public finance
CLO-6: Review the contemporary development policies and their effects on the economy

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5 CLO-6
Topic One: Introduction to the Ethiopian
Economy
√ √

114. 114

Topic Two: Recent Performance of the
different sectors in the Ethiopian economy
√ √
Topic Three: Investment, Poverty and
Unemployment in Ethiopia
√ √
Topic Four: Trade in the Ethiopian Economy √ √
Topic Five: Public Finance and Financial
Sector in Ethiopia
√ √ √
Topic Six: Contemporary Economic Reforms and
Development Policies in Ethiopia
√ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester I
Course Title Ethiopian Economy
Course Code AgEc351
Credit hour 2CrHr/3ECTS
Pre-requisites
Status of the course Compulsory
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor name Name: e-mail:
Tutor name Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic Total Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Introduction to the
Ethiopian Economy
1.1. Overview of the Structure
of the Ethiopian economy
1.2. Resource Base of Ethiopia
2 2 5 7 Lecture,
Class
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Recent
Performance of the
different sectors in the
Ethiopian economy
2.1 Agricultural sector
2.2 Industrial sector
2.3 Service sector
6 3 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Quiz,
Assignment,M
id exam
Topic Three: Investment,
Poverty and
Unemployment in Ethiopia
3.1 Production and Capital
Formation
3.2 Infrastructure
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam

115. 115

3.3 Poverty
3.4 Unemployment and
Underemployment
Topic Four: Trade in the
Ethiopian Economy
4.1 Export Performance
4.2 Imports in Ethiopia
4.3 Balance of Payment in
Ethiopia
4.4 Exchange rate
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Five: Public Finance
and Financial Sector in
Ethiopia
5.1 Public finance in Ethiopia
5.2 The finance sector in
Ethiopia
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Six: Contemporary
Economic Reforms and
Development Policies in
Ethiopia
1.1 The Structural Adjustment
Program
1.2 Recent economic
development plans
2 1 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Final exam
Total 22 10 32 80 112
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20
Final Exam….50%

References
Ayele Kuris, 2003. The Ethiopian Economy, 1
st
ed., Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Annual Reports of CSA, FAO, MOFED, National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE), UNDP HDR and
Ethiopian Economic Association (EEA)

8.4.6. Seminar in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 461)

Course Description

116. 116

The course is designed to help students develop the experience of analyze case studies on a
particular topic and make their own judgment. Areas of case studies includes: The role,
opportunities identified to be exploited; problems identified to be solved, regarding to the
management of Agricultural industry and/or Agribusiness, for the better benefit from the sector as
well as societies wellbeing.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to gain experience in analyzing studies, develop the
ability to organize information and write structured reports, and enhance their confidence in
communicating or presenting their paper to an audience.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Analyze academic or research studies effectively, identifying key components and
methodologies
CLO-2: Evaluate and interpret study findings to draw relevant conclusions
CLO-3: Organize information logically and coherently for academic or professional writing
CLO-4: Write well-structured and clear reports based on analyzed data or research
CLO-5: Demonstrate confidence in presenting research or reports to an audience
CLO-6: Communicate ideas and findings clearly and effectively in both written and oral
formats
Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √

√ √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √

117. 117

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economic
Class Year Year 3 Semester I
Course Name Seminar in Agribusiness
Course Code AgEc 461
Credit hour 1CrHr/2ECTS
Pre-requisite None
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs)

Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Areas of case studies:
The role of determinants, or
opportunities identified to be
exploited;
Problems identified to be solved,
to affect the management of
Agricultural industry and/or
Agribusiness, for the better
benefit from the sector as well as
societies well being.
13 3 16 40 56 Lecture,
Case Study
Discussion,
Student
Presentatio
ns
Written
Report,
Presentation
Total Course Load 13 3 16 40 56
Assessment
Written Report……………….50%
Presentation …………………. 50%

118. 118

References

Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Age International
Publishers.
Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners. SAGE
Publications.
Ndambiri, H. (2019). Research Methods in Agricultural and Resource Economics
Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi. (2014). Research Methodology for Agricultural Economics
Cooper, D.R. and C.W.Emory (1995). Business Research Methods, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill
Companies, USA.
Dawson, C. (2003). Practical Research Methods: A User-friendly Guide to Mastering Research
Techniques and Projects. UBSPD Private Limited, New Delhi
Dooley, D. (2003). Social Research Methods. 3
rd
ed, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New
Delhi.
Ghosh, B.N. (1982). Scientific Method and Social Research, Sterling Publishers Pvt.Ltd, New
Delhi.
Sadhu, A.N. and Singh, A. (1996). Research Methodology in Social Sciences. Himalaya
Publishing House
Dechassa, Nigussie Alemayehu, et al. (2022). Research Methods: A Handbook for Agricultural
Researchers.
8.4.7. Global Trends (GlTr1012)

Course Description
The course is designed to familiarize learners on the nature and development of international
relations and global issues. It deals with nations, states, national interest, cooperation and
conflict among states, and the role of state and non-state actors in the international system.
Additionally, it explains the nature of international law, global political economy and the nexus
between regionalism and globalization. It also critically examines the contemporary global
issues and how the international community is trying to address them. It is organized to
systematically examine international issues by employing different theories and providing

119. 119

concrete examples from different parts of the world. Last but not least, after providing rigorous
understanding of how the international system functions, it will equip learners to consciously
observe and critically understand the Ethiopia’s Relations with the outside world. As the saying
goes “Think globally act locally!”

We live in an exciting yet challenging period in history. The world seems to dominantly
progress in constantly opposing directions. On the one hand, because of globalization, the
world is getting closer and becoming interconnected in ways never experienced before
generating more wealth, scientific innovation, and cross-national cooperation. On the other
hand, the challenges of war, terror, arms trade, money laundering, disease, poverty,
environmental problems, human and drug trafficking still generate an aura of uncertainty for
the present and future generations. As such, decisions made by states, multinational
corporations, non-governmental organizations, and terrorists have a direct impact on our life.
Thanks to global flow of information, there may be a multitude of individuals who know the
events that are occurring in the world. But some still do not understand why events happened
the way they have happened; and what consequences they may bring. In light of this, this course
is designed to equip students with a necessary knowledge and skill which enable them to
understand the political, economic and social dynamics of the global system, how it works, its
actors, its influence and ways to cope up global issues from theoretical and practical point of
view.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to demonstrate an understanding of nations,
nationalism, the state, and the historical development of international relations. They will be able
to identify and critically evaluate major theories of International Relations and their application to
global affairs. Additionally, students will analyse concepts such as national interest, foreign policy,
diplomacy, international political economy, and international law. They will also assess the roles
and influences of state and non-state actors, as well as international and regional institutions, in
global politics. Finally, students will examine Ethiopia’s foreign policy, its involvement in
international institutions, and its position in regional and global affairs.

120. 120

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Understand nations, nationalism and states
CLO-2: Explain the nature and historical development of international relations
CLO-3: Gain basic knowledge of the major theories in the discipline of International
Relations and develop the ability to critically evaluate and apply such theories
CLO-4: Elucidate national interest, foreign policy and diplomacy
CLO-5: Explicate the nature and elements of international political economy and
international law
CLO-6: Examine the extent and degree of influence of state and non-state actors in the
international system.
CLO-7: Examine the roles major international and regional institutions play in world
politics
CLO-8: Evaluate the major contemporary global issues
CLO-9: Assess the overriding foreign policy guidelines of Ethiopia in the past and present
CLO-10: Explore Ethiopia’s role in regional, continental and global institutions and affairs

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √

√ √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √

√

√

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √

√

√

√ √

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-7 √

√

√

√ √

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-8 √

√

√

√ √

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-9 √

√

√

√

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-10 √

√

√

√

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
CLO-
9
CLO-
10

121. 121

Topic One: Understanding
International Relations
√ √
Topic Two: Contending
Theories of International
Relations
√ √ √
Topic Three: Foreign Policy
and Diplomacy
√ √ √
Topic Four: The
International Political
Economy (IPE)

Topic Five: International
Law
√ √ √
Topic Six: Regionalism and
Globalization
√ √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester I
Course Name Global Trends
Curse Code/Credit hours FSPT 412
Credit Hour 2CrHr/3ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Understanding
International Relations
1.1 Conceptualizing Nations,
Nationalism and States
1.2 The Nature and Evolution of
International Relations
1.3 Actors of International
Relations
1.4 Levels of Analysis in the
International Relations
1.5 Power, Anarchy and
Sovereignty in the
International System
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Discussion
Quiz , Mid
exam

122. 122

1.6 The Structure of International
System
Topic Two: Contending Theories
of International Relations
2.1 Realism and Neorealim
2.2 Liberalism and Neo-Liberalism
2.3 Marxism and Neo-Marxism
2.4 Critical Theory
2.5. Constructivism
2..6. Modernism and Post-
Modernism
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Discussion
Quiz , Mid
exam
Topic Three: Foreign Policy and
Diplomacy
3.1 Conceptualizing National
Interest, Foreign Policy and
Diplomacy
3.2 National Interest and Foreign
Policy
3.2.1 Determinants of National
Interest and Foreign Policy
3.2.2 Objectives of Foreign Policy
3.2.3 Foreign Policy Orientations
3.2.4 Instruments of Foreign
Policy
3.3 A Survey of Foreign Policy
and Diplomacy of Ethiopia
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz , Mid
exam
Topic Four: The International
Political Economy (IPE)
4.1 Meaning and Nature of IPE
4.2 The Nexus between Politics
(State) and Economics
(Market)
4.3 Theoretical Perspectives on
IPE
4.3.1 Classical Mercantilism and
Economic Nationalism
4.3.2 Classical Liberalism and
Adam Smith
4.3.3 Comparative Advantage and
David Ricardo
4.3.4 Neoliberalism and
Keynesianism
4.3.5 Marxism and Dependency
Theory
4.3.6 Hegemonic Stability Theory
4.3.7 Developmental State Model
4.4 The Political Economy of
North-South, South-South:
Conflict and Cooperation
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Quiz , Mid
exam

123. 123

Topic Five: International Law
5.1. Meaning, Nature and Areas of
International Law
5.2. Sources and Subjects of
International Law
5.3. Law Making and Enforcement
process at International and
Domestic level
5.4. Formation, Recognition and
Responsibility of State under
International Law
4 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz , Final
exam
Topic Six: Regionalism and
Globalization
6.1. The concept, Nature and
Development of Regionalism
and Regional Integration
6.2. Major theories of Regional
Integration
6.3. Selected cases of Regional
Integration (EU, AU…)
6.4. Regionalization versus
Globalization and State 4 4
10 14 Lecture Quiz , Final
exam
Topic Seven: Major
Contemporary Global Issues
7.1 Conceptualizing Global Issues
7.2 Survey of Global Issues 4 4
10 14 Lecture Quiz , Final
exam
Total Credit Hours 32 32 80 112
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Lab session …10
Mid Exam …..20
Final Exam……………….50%


References
Altinay, Hakan (2011) Global Civics: Responsibilities and Rights in an Interdependent World. The
Brookings institution: Washington
Armstrong, David (ed.)(2009). Routledge Handbook of International Law. London: Routledge
Baylis, J. and Smith, S. (eds.) (1997).The Globalization of World Politics. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Browlie, Ian (2003). Principles of Public International Law. (6
th
ed.). New York: Oxford University

124. 124

Copson, Raymond w.(2007)The United States inAfrica:Bushpolicyand beyond in association
with InternationalAfrican InstituteRoyalAfrican Societyof SocialScience Research
Council, Zed Books:London
Crane, George T. and AbalAmawi (1997). The Theoretical evolution of International Political
Economy: A Reader (2
nd
Edition). Oxford University Press: New York.
Crawford, Robert (2000) Idealism and Realism in International Relations: Beyond the Discipline.
Routledge:USA
DeLombaerde, Philippe (ed.) (2008) Governing Regional Integration for Development:
Monitoring Experiences, Methods and Prospects. Ashgate Publishing Company: England
Demelo, Jaime and Arvind Panagariy (eds.) (1993) A New Dimensions in Regional
Integration, Centre for Economic Policy Research 1993, Cambridge University Press:
USA
Demelo, Jaime and Arvind Panagariy (eds.) (1993) A New Dimensions in Regional
Integration, Centre for Economic Policy Research 1993, Cambridge University,
Press: USA
Der, James D. (2009) Critical Practices in International Theory: Selected Essays, Routledg,
Abingdon, Oxon
Farrell, Mary (ed.) (2005) Global Politics of Regionalism: Theory and Practice. Pluto Press:
London
Genest, Mark A. (1996). Conflict and Cooperation: Evolving Theories of International Relations.
Fourth Worth: Harcourt Brace and Co.
Goldestein, Joshua S. and John C. Pevhouse (2006). International Relations brief 3
rd
ed.
PrisscillaMcGreehon. Goldstein J. S. (2003) International Relations. 5
th
edition.
Washington, D.C. Pearson Education Press, Inc Griffiths, Martin (Ed.) (2007).
International Relations Theory for the Twenty-First Century: An introduction. New York:
Routledge
Griffiths, Martin and Terry O’Callaghan (2002) International Relations: The Key Concepts.
Routledge: London
Griffiths, Martin, et al. (2008) International Relations: The Key Concepts (Second Edition).
New York: Routledge

125. 125

Griffiths, Martin, Steven C. and M. Scott (2009), Fifty Key Thinkers in International Relations
(2
nd
edition)
Hancock, KathleenJ. (2009)Regional Integration; Choosing Plutocracy, Palgrave Macmillan:
United States
Henderson, Conway W.(1998) International Relations: Conflict and Cooperation at the Turn of
the 21 st Century. Guilford: McGraw-Hall.
Hollis, Martin and Steve Smith (1990) Explaining and Understanding International Relations.
United States: Oxford University Press.
Holsti, K.J. (1995) International Politics: A Framework for Analysis. 7
th
ed. New Jersey:Prentice
Hall.
J.M. Biswaro. (2012) The Quest for Regional Integration in the Twenty First Century: Rhetoric
versus
Reality - A Comparative Study, MkukinaNyota Publishers Ltd, Dar es Salaam: Tanzania
Macdonald, David B.et.al (ed.) (2007) The Ethics of Foreign Policy. Ashgate Publishing Limited:
England Malm, Endreas and Shora Esmailian (2007). Iran on the Brink Rising Workers
and Threats of War. Pluto Press Mintz, Alex and Karl De Rouen (2010) Understanding
Foreign Policy Decision Making, Cambridge University Pres: Cambridge
Rengger,N.J.(2000) International Relations, Political Theory and the Problem of Order: Beyond
International Relations theory? Routledge: London
Rourke, John T. and Mark A. Boyer (1998). World Politics: International Politics on the world
Stag, brief. 2
nd
ed. Guilford: Dushkin/McGraw-Hall.

Salmon, Trevor C. (Ed.) (2005). Issues in International Relations. New York: Routledge
Steans, Jill and Lloynd Pettiford (2005). Introduction to International relations: Perspectives and
Themes. 2
nd
ed. Harlow: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Sutch , Peter and Juanita Elias (2007 ) International Relations, the basics. Taylor & Francis.
Todaro, Michael P. and Stephen Smith (2003).Economic Development (8
th
ed).
Trevor S. Salmon and Mark F. Imber (ed) (2008). Issues in International Relations. Routledge
Publishing, 2
nd
Edition Vinay Bhargava (2006). Introduction to Global Issues

126. 126

Walts, Kenneth N. (2003) Progress in International Relations Theory. Belfer Center for Science
and International Affairs John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Weber, Cynthia (2001) International Relations Theory: A Critical Introduction (2
nd
edition)
Routledge: London

8.4.8. Econometrics (AgEc 311)

Course Description
Econometrics is the quantitative application of statistical, economic theories and mathematical
models using data to develop theories or test existing hypotheses in economics and to forecast
future trends from historical data. The objective of Econometrics is to quantify such relationships
using available data and statistical techniques to interpret and use the resulting outcomes. So,
Econometrics is the application of statistical and mathematical methods to the analysis of
economic data, with the purpose of giving empirical content to economic theories and then
verifying or refuting them. Bridging the gap between theory and policy analysis requires acquiring
the practice of applying the concepts, theories and methods of Economics to policy analysis. This
course is designed to meet this challenge by providing insights on how the three elements of
Econometrics namely: economic theory, data and statistical procedures can be combined, to
provide useful information to policy analysts and decision makers. In this course, practical
exercises using econometrics and statistical soft wares such as SPSS, STATA and others like
EXCEL will be conducted to equip students with knowledge and skill of using software for data
analysis.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to understand the goals and applications of
econometrics in empirical research, including the formulation and interpretation of regression
models based on relevant theoretical frameworks. They will also be able to apply econometric
methods to real-world data for estimation, prediction, and the development of a complete research
project.

127. 127


Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Understand the main goals of econometrics and its purpose;
CLO-2: Develop/ formulate regression models based on theory in their field of study
CLO-3: Estimate the regression model using the real data and interpret the result,
CLO-4: Use estimated equations to make predictions and forecasting
CLO-5: Understand and apply the methodology of Econometrics for their research project

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5
Topic One: Introduction to Econometrics √ √
Topic Two: Correlation Theory √ √ √
Topic Three: Simple Linear Regression Models √ √ √
Topic Four: Multiple Regression Analysis √ √ √ √
Topic Five: Econometric Problems √ √
Topic Six: Non-linear Regression and Time Series
Econometrics
√ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester I
Course Name Econometrics
Curse Code AgEc 312

128. 128

Credit Hour 4 (3+1)CrHr/7ECTS
Pre-requisites Statistics for Economists (AgEc 232)
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction to
Econometrics
1.1. Definition and Scope
1.2. Goals of Econometrics
1.3. Methodology of
Econometrics
1.4. Elements of Econometrics
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Correlation Theory
2.1. Basic concepts of Correlation
2.2. Coefficient of Linear
Correlation
2.3. Types of Correlation
Coefficient
8 8 16 40 56 Lecture Assignment,
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Three: Simple Linear
Regression Models
3.1. Basic Concepts and
Assumptions
3.2. Least Squares Criteria
3.3. Normal Equations of OLS
3.4. Coefficient of Correlation and
Determination
3.5. Hypothesis Testing
10 12 22 55 77 Lecture Assignment,
Mid Exam
Topic Four: Multiple Regression
Analysis
4.1. Model with two Explanatory
Variables
4.2. Notations and Assumptions
4.3. Estimation of Partial
regression coefficients
4.4. Estimation of Partial
Regression Coefficients
4.5. Variance and Standard errors
of OLS Estimators
4.6. Hypothesis Testing
4.7. Other functional forms
12 14 26 65 91 Lecture Quiz, Final
Exam

129. 129

Topic Five: Econometric
Problems
5.1. Non-normality
5.2. Multicollinearity
5.3. Heteroskedastcity
5.4. Autocorrelation
8 8 16 40 56 Lecture Term Papers-
Presentation,
Final Exam
Topic Six: Non-linear Regression
and Time Series
Econometrics
6.1. Non-linear regression models
Overview
6.2. Time series Analysis
6 6 12 30 42 Lecture Final Exam
Total Course Load 48 48 96 240 336
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20
Final Exam….50%

References
Koutsoyiannis, 2001. Theory of Econometrics, 2
nd
edition.
Gujarati, D.N (2004). Basic Econometrics. 4
th
Edition. McGraw-Hill companies, Inc.
Greene, W. H. (2002). Econometric Analysis. 5
th
Edition. Macmillan, New York.
Maddala, G.S. (1992). Introduction to Econometrics. 2
nd
Edition.
8.4.9. Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 322)

Course Description
The course requires a basic knowledge of computer and students are assumed they have basic
knowhow of computer at high school level. In addition, it requires the knowledge of Operation
Research and Econometrics courses as a pre-requisite. It is a semester course in applications of
computer to problems in agricultural economics. This course is designed to provide students with
full-fledged knowledge and skill on statistical packages. It is emphasis on introducing different
statistical packages (like Stata, Eviews, SPSS and R). It gives importance for the application of
these programs to analyze data related with Agricultural Economics. In addition, it introduces
Quantitative Analysis software (POM_QM) known in the areas of Quantitative Methods,
Management Science, or Operations Research. It allows for the application of optimization
techniques including linear programming, goal programming, integer programming and nonlinear

130. 130

programming for research and decision analysis in agricultural economics. This allow students to
easily understood what is learned in class is practically executed using real world data. The course
improves the skills and the knowledge of students to solve real problems in Agricultural economics
using actual agricultural data.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to apply statistical software tools for data
management, econometric modeling, and empirical research in Agricultural Economics. They
will also be able to utilize econometric and optimization techniques to analyze and solve
problems relevant to Agricultural Economics.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Introduce and manage data using different statistical packages.
CLO-2: Estimate different models and analyze data in the field of Agricultural Economics
using different statistical packages.
CLO-3: Use and apply different statistical package in their research work.
CLO-4: Apply the optimization techniques to solve Agricultural Economics problem.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4
Topic One: Introduction to Computer √ √ √ √
Topic Two: Introduction to Statistical Package √ √
Topic Three: Data and Data Management in the
Packages
√ √ √

131. 131

Topic Four: Exploring data in the Package √ √
Topic Five: Basic Data Analysis (Parametric
and Non-Parametric Analysis)
√ √
Topic Six: Optimization Techniques and
Application
√ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester II
Course Name Computer Applications in Agricultural Economics
Course Code AgEc 332
Credit Hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Operation Research in Agricultural Economics and Econometrics
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepen
dent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction to
Computer
1.1. What is Computer?
1.2. Basic operations in Computer
1.3. Components of Computer
1 1 2 5 10 Lecture,
Lab
Demo
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Introduction to
Statistical Package
2.1. What is a statistical package?
2.2. Features of packages (Stata/
Eviews , SPSS and R
POM_QM)
2.3.General description of the
package
9 3 12 30 60 Lecture,
Computer
Lab
Assignment,
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Three: Data and Data
Management in the Packages
3.1. Types of data (cross-sectional,
time series and panel data)
3.2. Introducing data in to the
package (data format) and
editing the data
3.3. Reading data in the packages
3.4. Combining data, cleaning data,
coding and decoding, labeling,
7 2 9 22.5 48 Lab
Session,
Tutorial
Assignment,
Quiz, Mid
exam

132. 132

changing and renaming
variables
Topic Four: Exploring data in the
Package
4.1. Summarizing and describing
the data (descriptive statistics)
4.2. Cross tabulation (test of
association for nominal
variables)
4.3.Graphs
2 1 3 7.5 15 Lecture Assignment,
Final exam
Topic Five: Basic Data Analysis
(Parametric and Non-
Parametric Analysis)
5.1. Parametric Analysis
5.2. Estimating Cross-sectional
Models (using OLS and
Maximum likelihood
estimation method).
5.3. Estimation of binary and
Categorical Models
5.4. Time Series Models (trend
analysis, estimation of dynamic
models)
5.5. Panel data models and
estimation
5.6. Parametric Efficiency Analysis
(Data from LSMS)
5.7. Non- Parametric techniques
5.8. Kwalis, Multiple Comparison
5.9. Non-Parametric Efficiency
Analysis (Data from LSMS)
9 3 12 30 63 Lecture,
Lab,
Group
Project
Presentation,
Final Exam
Topic Six: Optimization
Techniques and Application
6.1. Linear programming
application
6.2. Goal Programming application
6.3. Integer and mixed integer
programming application
8 2 10 25 60 Computer
Lab,
Tutorial
Final exam
Total Course Load 36 12 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….….….….….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………….10
Assignment…….10
Mid Exam ….…. 20
Final Exam….….….….….….50%

Refferences

133. 133


Ibok, O. W. (2022). Computer Application in Agriculture. Department of Agricultural Economics
& Extension, Akwa Ibom State University.
Verbeek, M. (2023). A guide to modern econometrics (6th ed.). Wiley.
Hajek, D.W., 2025. Introduction to computers. 2025 ed. Independently published.
James, G., Witten, D., Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R., & Taylor, J. (2021). An introduction
to statistical learning with applications in R (2nd ed.). Springer.
Wooldridge, J.M., 2021. Introductory econometrics: A modern approach. 7th ed. Boston: Cengage
Learning.
Hillier, F.S. and Lieberman, G.J., 2024. Introduction to operations research. 11
th
ed. New York:
McGraw-Hill Education

8.4.10. Operations Research in Agricultural Economics (AgEc 332)

Course Description
This course requires basic knowhow of matrices and linear algebra as a pre-requisite. The purpose
of the course is to provide students with the concepts and tools to help them understand the
operations research and mathematical modeling methods. The course seeks to introduce students
with the origin, nature and impact of operations research in their field of study. Operations research
helps in solving problems in Agricultural Economics that needs decisions. The course covers topics
that include: linear programming, non-linear programming, transportation, and efficiency analysis.
It will equip students with the knowledge and skill to formulate, analyze and solve real-world
problems in Agriculture. It also introduces optimization techniques and application of computer
packages such as POM_QM and solver and their use to solve problems in Agriculture.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to identify, formulate, and analyze real-world
problems in agriculture using operations research techniques. They will be able to apply
optimization methods, including linear programming and transportation models, to support
decision-making in agricultural contexts. Additionally, students will develop skills in using Excel

134. 134

and QM software to model, implement, and solve agricultural and operational problems. Finally,
students will be trained to apply sensitivity analysis and other techniques to allocate scarce
resources efficiently and resolve organizational conflicts.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the fundamental concepts of optimization and operations research, and their
relevance to problem-solving in various fields.
CLO-2: Identify and formulate optimization problems relevant to students’ specific fields of
study, particularly within agricultural and business contexts.
CLO-3: Use Quantitative Methods (QM) and Excel software to implement and solve
optimization models.
CLO-4: Apply linear programming techniques to analyze and solve operational problems in
agricultural and business environments.
CLO-5: Resolve conflicts of interest within organizations by proposing optimal solutions
using appropriate decision-making models.
CLO-6: Formulate and solve transportation problems to optimize the allocation of resources
across multiple activities or destinations.
CLO-7: Analyze large systems of linear equations using transportation models for efficient
decision-making.
CLO-8: Conduct sensitivity analysis to evaluate and improve resource allocation in scenarios
involving scarcity, particularly in agricultural firms.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √

135. 135

CLO-7 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-8 √ √

√

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
Topic One: Introduction to
Operation Research
√ √ √ √
Topic Two: Linear
Programming
√ √ √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Duality Theory
and Sensitivity Analysis
√ √ √
Topic Four: Nonlinear
Programming
√ √ √
Topic Five: Risk Programming
and Efficiency Analysis
√ √ √
Topic Six: The Transportation
Problems
√ √ √ √



Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester II
Course Name Operation Research in Agricultural Economics
Curse Code AgEc 332
Credit Hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total

136. 136

Topic One: Introduction to
Operation Research
1.1. Definition of Operation
Research
1.2. History of Operation Research
1.3. Components of Operation
Research
1.4. Importance and application of
Operation Research
1.5. Limitation of Operation
Research
4

4 10 14 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Linear Programming
2.1. Basic Concepts in Linear
Programming
2.2. Formulations of LPP
2.3. Assumptions of linear
programming
2.4. Methods of Solving LP
2.4.1. The Graphic Method
a. Maximization
b. Minimization
2.4.2. The Simplex Method
a. Maximization
b. Minimization
2.5. Post optimality analysis
(sensitivity analysis)
2.6. Violation of the Assumptions
(Goal and Integer )
2.7. Application of Linear
programming in Agricultural
Economics
12 4 16 40 56 Lecture,
Tutorial
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Duality Theory and
Sensitivity Analysis
3.1. Duality theory and its
economic interpretation
3.2. Primal-Dual Relationships
3.3. The role of dual theory in
sensitivity analysis
3.4. The essence of sensitivity
analysis and applying
sensitivity analysis
3.4.1. Change in objective
function coefficient
3.4.2. Change in parameter of the
constraints

7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture,
Problem-
solving
Quiz,
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Nonlinear
Programming
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture,
Tutorial,
Assignment,
Final exam

137. 137

4.1. Types of Nonlinear
Programming Problems
4.2. Constrained optimization
4.3. One-variable constrained
optimization and
unconstrained optimization
4.4. Multi-variable constrained
optimization and
unconstrained optimization
4.5. Sample applications in
Agricultural Economics
Topic Five: Risk Programming
and Efficiency Analysis
5.1. Risk in Agricultural
Economics
5.2. Types of Risk Programming
5.3. Application of Game Theory
5.4. Efficiency Analysis Methods
6 3 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture Final exam
Topic Six: The Transportation
Problems
6.1. What is transportation
problem?
6.2. Various Applications in
Agricultural Economics
3 1 4 10 14 Lecture,
Practical
Demonstra
tion
Quiz, Final
Exam
Total Course Load 36 12 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….….….….….….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20
Final Exam….….….….….….….….….….50%

References
Hillier, F.S. and Liberman, G.J (200l). Introduction to Operations Research (7th Edition) McGraw-
Hill Higher Education, Boston.
Barry Render, Ralph M. Stair, Jr., Michael E. Hanna, and Trevor S. Hale, (2015). Quantitative
Analysis for Management, 12th edition,. ISBN 978-0-13-350733-1, USA.
Taha, H. A. (2022). Operations Research: An Introduction (11th Edition). Pearson.
Winston, W. L. (2004). Operations Research: Applications and Algorithms (4th Edition).
Brooks/Cole

138. 138

Sharma, J. K. (2017). Operations Research: Theory and Applications, Laxmi Publications Pvt.
Ltd., NEW DELHI - 110002, INDIA
8.4.11. Agricultural Credit and Finance (AgEc 342)

Course Description
The course Agricultural Credit and Finance is intended to familiarize students with the concept of
financial scenario in the Agricultural sector. The course will cover the topics such as basic financial
statement analysis, time value of money, investment valuation, analysis of investment
opportunities and legal issues related to financing. The discipline gives a pure glance what finance
is and its role in agriculture. As the graduates from Agricultural Economics, students are expected
to be consultants and entrepreneur in the agriculture sector therefore; the course provides relevant
input for the smoothening of farm activities by emphasizing practical problem solving techniques.
The course also includes indicating sources and advantages of credit, defining goal and farm’s
standing point in relation to financial position, managing risk, and use of insurance.

The course will also try to discuss in depth the very problems of Agricultural finance in Ethiopia
specifically problems the smallholder farmers are facing. Finally, the course attempts to make a
comment and suggestions to improve the agricultural finance service using other countries
experiences and practical judgments of students using projects and case studies undertaken during
the course.
Course objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to analyze and interpret financial statements to assess
the financial performance of agribusinesses. They will apply financial tools and time value of
money concepts to support effective decision-making in agribusiness. Additionally, students will
evaluate risk and return, and implement strategies such as diversification and insurance for risk
management. They will also understand and utilize credit instruments to support agribusiness
operations and growth, while examining challenges in rural finance and proposing practical
solutions for its improvement.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):

139. 139

CLO-1: Understand the concepts of finance, agricultural finance, micro finance, credit, and
insurance;
CLO-2: Prepare, interpret and evaluate financial statements;
CLO-3: Make effective financial decision using the appropriate financial tools;
CLO-4: Measure risk and return of an agribusiness;
CLO-5: Analyze the link between diversification and risk minimization;
CLO-6: Understand and apply time value of money concepts;
CLO-7: Discuss risk management and the use of insurance in agribusiness;
CLO-8: Identify available credit instruments and their use;
CLO-9: Comment on problems of rural finance and suggest recommendation for rural finance
improvement.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-7 √ √

√

√ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-8 √ √

√

√ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-9 √ √

√

√ √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √



Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
CLO-
9
Topic One: Concept and
Definitions of
√ √ √

140. 140

Agricultural Credit and
Finance
Topic Two: Resource
Acquisition and Use of
Credit
√ √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Time Value
of Money
√ √ √
Topic Four: Financial
Analysis and Risk
Management
√ √ √ √
Topic Five: Risk
Management Strategy
And Insurance In
Agriculture
√ √ √
Topic Six: Credit
Instrument and
Financial Markets for
Agriculture
√ √ √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester II
Course Name Agricultural Credit and Finance
Course Code: AgEc 342
Credit Hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Microeconomics, Statistics, Principles of Accounting and Farm management
Lecture class/Room No.
Lecture days/Hours
Instructor Name: email:
Tutor Name: email:
Consultation Hours:

Course title
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(hrs) Lecture Practical
/Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Concept and Definitions
1.1. Meaning and Scope
1.2. Roles and Functions of
Agricultural Credit and Finance
1.3. Financial System in Agriculture
1.4. Challenges in Ethiopian
Agricultural Finance
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Class
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam

141. 141

Topic Two: Resource Acquisition
and Use of Credit
2.1. Resource Acquisition in
Agriculture
2.2. Capital Structure, Leverage and
Financial Risk
2.3. Credit risk assessment and
lender-borrower relationship
2.3. Roll and classification of credit
2.4. Advantages and Disadvantages of
credit
6


2 8 20 28 Lecture,
Group
Work
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Time Value of Money
3.1. The time value of Money
3.2. Investment Analysis
3.3.Investment Analysis in Ethiopia:
Inflation,
Risk and Financial Planning
6 3 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture,
Problem-
solving
Quiz,
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Financial Analysis and
Risk Management
4.1. Economic Activities of a Farm
Business
4.2. Financial Statement Structures
4.3. Risk and Return Analysis
4.4. Measuring Risk and Return
4.5. Diversification
4.6. Portfolio and Risk Minimization
8 2 10 25

35 Lecture,
Tutorial
Term Paper,
Final Exam
Topic Five: Risk Management
Strategy and Insurance in
Agriculture
5.1 Source of risk and uncertainty in
agriculture
5.2 Evaluation and reducing risk and
uncertainty
5.3 Insurance in agriculture
5 1 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Term Paper,
Final Exam
Topic Six: Credit Instrument And
Financial Markets for
Agriculture
6.1 Credit instruments and contracts
6.2 Financial Market and
Intermediation in a Global Setting
6.3 Problems in Agricultural Finance
and Market Development in
Ethiopia
6.4 Preconditions for Development of
Agricultural Finance Markets
6.5 Strategies to Improve
Agricultural Finance Services
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture,
Discussion
Quiz, Final
Exam
Total Course Load 38 10 48 120 168

142. 142

Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20
Final Exam….50%

References
Brigham, E.F., L.C. Gapenski, and M.C. Ehrhardt, 1999.Financial Management: Theory and
Practice. The Dryden Press, Texas.
Alexander Hamilton Institute, Inc, 1998. Financial Management Handbook. USA.
Barry, P.J., Ellinger, P.N., Baker, C.B., & Hopkin, J.A. “Financial Management in Agriculture.
1995.”

8.4.12. Farming Systems and Livelihood Analysis (AgEc 352)

Course Description
To provide an understanding of the concepts of farming systems and sustainable livelihoods; types
of farming system and its components; expose students to the interface between farming systems
and the sustainable livelihoods approach. Equip students with analytical skills for analyzing
specific farming systems for sustainable livelihoods. expose students to the determinants of both
farming systems and the sustainable livelihoods; examine the interface between farm management
practices, techniques and technologies and the environment from a system approach; Analyze the
extent to which farming systems are shaped by agro-ecological constraints and/or socio-economic
factors.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to understand different types of farming systems,
their components, and how they function within various agro-ecological and socio-economic
contexts to support sustainable livelihoods. They will also develop the ability to apply systems
thinking in agricultural research and design sustainable farming systems through participatory

143. 143

approaches, including collaboration with farmers to identify challenges and implement effective
solutions.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Understand the concepts of farming system and sustainable livelihoods; types and
components of farming systems
CLO-2: Understand farming systems’ determinants and their interactions;
CLO-3: Apply systems approach to research and development;
CLO-4: Assess and evaluate existing practices and design of specific appropriate farming
systems for sustainable livelihoods;
CLO-5: Acquire skills in the conduct of farmer-researcher collaboration in identifying critical
production constraints, and in designing and critically analyzing alternative solutions
to identified problem
CLO-6: Apply sustainable livelihood framework in farming system research and extension
activities

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √
CLO-3 √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √
CLO-4 √ √

√

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
Topic One: The Concepts of Agriculture and
farming system
√

144. 144

Topic Two: Farming system and its
determinants
√
Topic Three: Farming Systems Approach √
Topic Four: Farming system Research and
Methodologies
√ √ √
Topic Five: Sustainable Livelihood √
Topic Six: Sustainable Livelihoods Analysis √ √

Course Description and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester II
Course Name Farming System and Livelihood Analysis
Curse Code AgEc 352
Credit Hour 3Crhr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Farm management
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topic Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
work
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical
/Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: The Concepts of
Agriculture and farming
system
1.1. Agriculture and the
society
1.2. Classification of
agricultural systems
1.3. Hierarchy of agricultural
systems
1.4. Agricultural systems
versus farming systems
1.5. formalizing farming
systems
1.6. Types of Farming
Systems
1.7. Components of Farming
Systems
4 0 4 10 14 Lecture,
Discussion
and
Case Study
Quiz and Mid
Exam
Topic Two: Farming system
and its determinants
2.1. Sustainable Livelihoods
and farming systems
8 0 8 20 28 Lecture,
Discussion
and Case
Studies
Quiz and Mid
Exam

145. 145

2.2. Household, livestock, crop
and market subsystems
2.3. Modern agricultural
technology and their
relevance
2.4. Determinants of Farming
Systems and Sustainable
Livelihoods
Topic Three: Farming
Systems Approach
3.1. Farming systems approach
in general
3.2. Classifying, characterizing
and reviewing farming
systems
3.3. Smallholder, Resource-
poor Family Farms
3.4. Relationships among
household, crops, livestock
and subsystems
3.5. Socio-economic
characteristics of
smallholder, resource-poor
family farms and their
implications on technology
design and extension
3.6. Farming systems and their
improvement
3.7. Systems approach to
production, research and
extension
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture,
Discussion
and Practical
Work
Assignment,
Quiz, and Mid
Exam
Topic Four: Farming system
Research and
Methodologies
4.1. Farming System Research
(FSR)
4.2. FSR Activities:
Procedures and
Methodologies
4.3. System Analysis &
Performance Criteria
4.4. The Purpose and Features
of FSR
4.5. Characteristics of Farming
Systems Approach
4.6. Performance Criteria for
System’s Property
4.7. Challenges of FSR/D
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture, Case
Studies and
Practical Work
Quiz and Final
Exam

146. 146

4.8. Participatory research
tools and techniques
4.9. Problem diagnosis and
opportunities identification
Topic Five: Sustainable
Livelihood
5.1 Concepts of sustainable
livelihoods
5.2 Sustainable Livelihoods as
Integrated Concept
5.3 What is Sustainable
Livelihood?
5.4 Principles of Sustainable
Livelihood
6 0 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussion
and Case
Studies
Quiz and Final
Exam
Topic Six: Sustainable
Livelihoods Analysis
6.1 Analytical framework of
sustainable livelihoods
6.2. Components of
Sustainable Livelihood
Framework
6.3. Comparison of Livelihood
Frameworks
6.4. Methods of livelihood
analysis
6.5 Model of Livelihoods
Promotion
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture,
Discussion
and Practical
Work
Term Papers-
Presentation and
Final Exam
Total 42 6 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20
Final Exam….50%

References
Beets, W.C. 1990. Raising the Productivity of Smallholder Farming Systems in the Tropics.
Beyan Ahmed and Hiwot mokonen.2014. Farming Systems and Livelihoods analysis. Course
Modue Haramaya university Ethiopia
Hildebrand, P.E. 1986. Perspectives in Farming Systems Research. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner
Publishers. Cambridge.
Jemal yusouf and Alemu sokora.2014. Farming Systems and Rural Livelihoods. Course modue
haramaya university Ethiopia

147. 147

Norman, D.W., J.D. Siebert, E. Modiakgotla, and F.D. Worman 1995. The Farming Systems
Approach to Development and Appropriate Technology Generation. Rome: Food and
Agricultural Organization (FAO). Ruthenberg, H. 1980. Farming Systems in The tropics
(3rd edition). Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press.

8.4.13. History of Economic Thoughts (AgEc 362)

Course Description
This course is an introduction to the history of economic thought that follows both historical and
theoretical approaches. The development of economic thought is illustrated as a succession of
changes in the perception of the nature of socio-economic processes. In particular, the course
emphasizes the historical nature of economic theories and attempts to show how actual socio-
economic phenomena shape the evolution of economic theory. The course reviews the main
schools in the development of economic thought beginning with the Classical school and the works
of Smith, Ricardo, J.S. Mill, Thornton, Say and others. This is followed by the challenges to the
classical school by Marx and subsequent key figures like Marshall, Walras and the Neoclassicals.
The course also attempts to teach students economic theories by showing how the concepts they
are taught in economics classes have evolved in time. Throughout the course, economic theories
will be evaluated in terms of the inter-relationships between theories, policies and conditions
including responses to the current financial and global economic crises.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to explain the historical development of economic
ideas and analyze the ideological context that shaped major economic theories. They will be
equipped to critically assess the contributions and perspectives of various schools of economic
thought, including foundational concepts in political economy. Additionally, students will be
encouraged to recognize, compare, and reflect on diverse and non-mainstream economic theories
and their relevance in contemporary discourse.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Discuss how the economic thought has evolved over time;

148. 148

CLO-2: Evaluate the contributions of the main schools of economics;
CLO-3: Understand some of the historically important concepts of the political economy and
economics;
CLO-4: Understand the evolution of economic thinking in the long period of time;
CLO-5: Understand the relationship between economics and ideology;
CLO-6: Analyze how theories fit into the proper historical and economic context; and
CLO-7: Identify theories that differ from modern mainstream theory, and thereby recognize
that the theoretical basis if economics has been, and continues to be, contested

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-7 √ √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Economic thought before
Adam Smith
√ √ √
Topic Two: Classical Theories of
Value, Growth and Distribution
√ √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Classical Economics on
Money, Banking and Policy
√ √ √
Topic Four: Marxist Economics √ √ √ √ √ √ √

149. 149

Topic Five: Marginalists, Marshall
and Late Neoclassical
√ √ √
Topic Six: Keynes’ Theory of Money,
Investment and Cycles
√ √
Topic Seven: Neoclassical Synthesis
and Monetarist Challenge
√ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/ Class year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester II
Course Name History of Economic Thought
Curse Code AgEc 362
Credit hour 2CrHr/3ECTS
Pre-requisites

Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Economic thought
before Adam Smith
1.1 History of economic thought
as a discipline
1.2 Ideology, science and
paradigms in History of
Economic thought
1.3 The economics of
mercantilism
1.4 The contribution of
physiocracy
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Class
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Classical Theories
of Value, Growth and
Distribution
1.1. The theory of value: Smith
and Ricardo
1.2. Subjectivist theories of
value
1.3. The determinants of
economic growth: Classical
views
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Term Paper,
Mid exam

150. 150

1.4. Classical theories of
income distribution
Topic Three: Classical
Economics on Money,
Banking and Policy
3.1 Classical monetary theory
3.2 Classical public finance
3.3 Say’s law, ‘Gluts’ and
business cycles
3.4 Classical economic policy in
theory and practice
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussion
Term Paper,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Marxist
Economics
3.1. Marx and the labor theory
of value
3.2. Marx’s theory of Money
3.3. Marx on distribution
3.4. Marx’s theory of capital
accumulation and crises
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Group Work,
Discussion
Assignment,
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Five: Marginalists,
Marshall and Late
Neoclassical
5.1 Marginalist and Walrasian
general equilibrium analyses
5.2 Late Marshall on money and
credit
5.3 Wicksell and Fisher on
interest rates
5.4 Schumpeter, Fisher and
Kalecki on business cycles
5 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture,
Presentation,
Tutorial
Term Paper,
Final exam
Topic Six: Keynes’ Theory of
Money, Investment and
Cycles
6.1 Keynes vs. Say’s law and
classical economics
6.2 Keynes’ theory of
investment
6.3 Keynes on money and
speculation
6.4 Keynes on the business
cycle
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Assignment,
Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Seven: Neoclassical
Synthesis and Monetarist
Challenge
7.1 The Hicks-Hansen-
Samuelson IS-LM
transformation
7.2 Philips curve debates
3

3 7.5 10.5 Lecture, Case
Study,
Debate
Final exam

151. 151

7.3 Friedman’s fundamental
monetarist proposition
7.4 Critique of monetarism
Total Course Load 32

32 80 112
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20
Final Exam….50%

Text Books/References
Agnar, S. Economics Evolving: a History of Economic Thought, Princeton University Press, 2011.
Alessandro, R. The Wealth of Ideas: a History of Economic Thought, Cambridge, Cambridge
University Press, 2005.
Ernesto, S. and Stefano, Z. An outline of the history of economic thought. Oxford: Clarendon
Press; 2nd edition, 2005.
Friedman, M. Milton Friedman on Economics. University Chicago Press., 2007.
Hunt, E.K. History of economic thought: a critical perspective, 2nd updated edition, Armonk, N.Y.:
M.E. Sharpe., 2002.
Kates, S. Defending the History of Economic Thought, Edward Elgar, 2013.
Keynes, J.M. General theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Prometheus Books, 2005.
Kurz, Heinz D. and N. Salvadori. Understanding 'Classical' Economics: Studies in Long Period
Theory, London and New York: Routledge, 2014.
Medema, S.G. and Samuels, W.J. The History of Economic Thought: A reader, Routledge, 2003.
Medema, S.G. and Samuels. W.J. The History of Economic Thought: A Reader, London and New
York: Routledge, 2013.
O’Brien, D.P. The Classical Economists Revisited. Oxford Univ. Press, 2004.
Roger, E.B. The ordinary Business of Life: A History of Economics from the Ancient World to the
Twenty-First Century, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002.
Roncaglia, A. The wealth of Ideas: A History of Economic Thought. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge
University Press, 2005.
Smith, A. Wealth of Nations. Hertfordshire [England]: Wordsworth Editions, 2013.

152. 152

Sandelin, B., H.-M. Trautwein and R. Wundtrack. A Short History of Economic Thought (3rd ed.),
London and New York: Routledge, 2015.
Vaggi, G. and Gronewegen, P.D. A Concise History of Economic Thought from Mercantilism to
Monetarism, Basinstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

8.4.14. Senior Research Proposal (AgEc 372)

Course Description
This course is devoted to issues related to research proposal writing and presentation skill.
Therefore, students are expected to write a research proposal that incorporates introduction,
objective, scope and limitation, significance, analytical tools (methodology) and bibliography. The
proposal is also expected to include the relevant literature review and work plan and budget. The
proposals prepared by the students are presented (in an open defense) in front of audience
incorporating students and instructors. The students are evaluated by the course coordinator and
respective advisors. In the whole course of the process the students are guided by advisors assigned
by the department.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to identify research topics, formulate research
problems, and prepare comprehensive research proposals with effective presentation skills. They
will also be enabled to integrate and apply previously acquired knowledge through the practical
process of designing and planning research projects.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Develop the necessary skill in research proposal writing and presentation
CLO-2: Apply the knowledge from the different courses they took in the past practically.
CLO-3: Identify a research topic and formulate the researchable problem in their field of
specialization
CLO-4: Write a research proposal to tackle the identified problem for investigation

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

153. 153

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4
Topic One: Introduction to Senior Research Proposal
Writing
√ √
Topic Two: Literature Review in Senior Research
Proposal Writing
√ √
Topic Three: Research Methodology in Senior Research
Proposal Writing
√ √ √
Topic Four: Budget Break down and Work Plan in Senior
Research Proposal Writing
√
Topic Five: Reference in Senior Research Proposal
Writing
√

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 3 Semester II
Course Name Senior Research Proposal
Course Code AgEc 372
Credit hour 1CrHr/2ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total

154. 154

Topic One: Introduction to
Senior Research Proposal
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Scope and Limitations of the
Study
1.5 Significance of the \Study
2 1 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture,
Tutorial,
Individua
l
Feedback
Assignment
Topic Two: Literature Review in
Senior Research Proposal
Writing
2.1 Concept and Definition
2.2 Theoretical Review
2.3 Conceptual Framework
2.4 Empirical Review
2 3 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture,
Independ
ent
Reading,
Peer
Review
Assignment
Topic Three: Research
Methodology in Senior Research
Proposal Writing
3.1 Area Description
3.2 Data collection Approaches
3.3 Sampling Techniques
3.4 Method of Data Analysis
2 2 4 10 14 Lecture,
Case
Examples
, Tutorial
Assignment,
Final
Proposal
Presentation
Topic Four: Budget Break down
and Work Plan in in Senior
Research Proposal Writing
4.1 Budget Breakdown
4.2 Work Plan
1 1 2 5 7 Lecture,
Sample
Templates
,
Discussio
n
Assignment,
Final
Proposal
Presentation
Topic Five: Reference 1 1 2 5 7 Tutorial,
Software
Use
Assignment,
Final
Proposal
Submission
Total Course Load 8 8 16 40 56
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation …… 10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …. 20
Final Exam….50%

References

Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Age International
Publishers.

155. 155

Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners. SAGE
Publications.
Ndambiri, H. (2019). Research Methods in Agricultural and Resource Economics
Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi. (2014). Research Methodology for Agricultural Economics
Cooper, D.R. and C.W.Emory (1995). Business Research Methods, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill
Companies, USA.
Dawson, C. (2003). Practical Research Methods: A User-friendly Guide to Mastering Research
Techniques and Projects. UBSPD Private Limited, New Delhi
Dooley, D. (2003). Social Research Methods. 3
rd
ed, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New
Delhi.
Ghosh, B.N. (1982). Scientific Method and Social Research, Sterling Publishers Pvt.Ltd, New
Delhi.
Sadhu, A.N. and Singh, A. (1996). Research Methodology in Social Sciences. Himalaya
Publishing House.
Dechassa, Nigussie Alemayehu, et al. (2022). Research Methods: A Handbook for Agricultural
Researchers.


8.5. Forth Year

8.5.1. International Agricultural Trade (AgEc 411)

Course Description
This course requires a basic knowledge Microeconomic and Macroeconomics as a pre-requisite.
It is a one semester course in international trade theory and policy emphasizing on the agricultural
sector. The course aims to explain patterns of world Agricultural trade and ask if international trade
is beneficial in the context of an agrarian economy. This will be done with the help of models from
international trade theory that are toolkits of contemporary international trade analysis. The course
will extensively explore Trade protection mechanisms and different arguments in the field. The
techniques include partial equilibrium analysis to demonstrate the welfare impacts and trade-off
of trade policies, measures of price distortions and competitiveness and limitations of such models.

156. 156

The issue of regional integration and its pros and cons will be covered focusing mainly on the
existing integrations in Africa. Finally, the course will hint the contemporary trading systems and
networks in the world and implications for economic development.

Course Objective
After completing this course, students are expected to understand and analyze the fundamental
principles, theories, and impacts of international trade, including the reasons for trade, gains from
trade, various trade policy instruments, and their effects on economic growth and development.
They will also be able to evaluate global trade structures and institutions, such as multilateral trade
negotiations and regional or bilateral agreements, and interpret international trade-related
information effectively.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Interpret and analyse international trade-related information using relevant data and
indicators.
CLO-2: Explain the rationale for international trade and assess the gains from trade using
established international trade theories.
CLO-3: Evaluate the impact of various trade policy instruments on the welfare of trading
partners.
CLO-4: Analyse the role of multilateral trade negotiations and assess the implications of
regional and bilateral trade agreements.
CLO-5: Assess the effects of international trade on economic growth and development.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1

√

√

√

√
CLO-2

√

√

√

CLO-3

√

√

√ √

CLO-4

√

√

√ √

√

157. 157

CLO-5 √

√ √

√

√


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5
Topic One: Preliminaries √ √ √
Two: Theories of International Trade √
Topic Three: International Trade Policies √ √
Topic Four: Economic Integration and
Regional Trade Organizations
√
Topic Five: International Trade and
Economic Development
√ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/Class Year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester 1
Course Name International Agricultural Trade
Curse Code AgEc 411
Credit hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Microeconomics and Macroeconomic
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Preliminaries
1.1 Definition of International
Trade
1.2 Features of Inter-Regional
and International Trade
1.3 Trends and Structure of
International Agricultural
Trade
1.4 Trends and Prospects Major
Exports and Imports of
Ethiopia
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture,
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam

158. 158

Two: Theories of International
Trade
2.1 Classical Theories of
International Trade
2.1.1 The Mercantilists Trade
Theory
2.1.2 Theories of Absolute and
Comparative Advantage
2.1.3 Comparative Advantage
and Opportunity Costs
2.1.4 Offer Curve and Terms of
Trade
2.2 Modern Trade Theories of
International Trade
2.2.1 Heckscher-Ohlin Theory of
Trade
2.2.2 Factor Price Equalization
Theorem
2.2.3 Extensions of The
Heckscher-Ohlin Theory
9 3 12 30 42 Lecture,
Tutorial,
Group
Discussio
n
Assignment,
Quiz, Mid
Exam
Topic Three: International
Trade Policies
3.1 The Concept of Free Trade
3.2 Trade Protection
3.2.1 Concept and Meaning of
Protection
3.2.2 Methods and welfare effects
of protection policies
3.2.2.1 Import Tariff
3.2.2.2 Export and production
Subsidy
3.2.2.3 Import Quota
3.3 Arguments of International
Trade policies
3.4 Major Trade Policies of
Ethiopia
12 3 15 37.5 52.5 Lecture,
Policy
Analysis
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Four: Economic
Integration and Regional
Trade Organizations
4.1 The Major Trade Agreements
(emphasis on Africa:
COMESSA, SADIC,
SACU,…etc)
4.2 The World Trade
Organization (WTO)
9 3 12 30 42 Lecture,
Debate,
Regional
Focus
Cases
Term paper
presentation,
Quiz, Final
exam

159. 159

4.3 Regional Integration and
Ethiopian Agricultural trade
4.4 Types and levels economic
integration
4.5 Static and dynamic effects of
trade arrangements
Topic Five: International Trade
and Economic Development
5.1 Importance of trade to
development
5.2 Terms of trade and economic
development
5.3 Institutions and trade policies
5.4 Development through import
substitution Vs export
promotion
5.5 E-Commerce and agricultural
trade
3 3 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Reflectio
n
Term Paper,
Final Exam
Total Course Load 36 12 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..20
Final Exam……………….50%

References
Salvatore Dominidik, International Economics, 7
th
ed John Willy & Sons, New York, 2001
Handbook of International Trade Vol. II (2004). Economic and Legal Analyses of Trade Policy
and Institutions Edited by E. Kwan Choi and James C. Black well Publishing, Oxford, UK
HartiganRobert J. Carbaugh (2004), International Economics, 9th edition.
Hajela, T.N, 1998. Money, Banking, and International Trade. Seventh Ed. Konark, Delhi.
Suranovic, S. (2010) International Trade: Theory and Policy. George Washington University
(GW), Washington DC
Krugman, P. R., Obstfeld, M., & Melitz, M. J. (2022). International Economics: Theory and
Policy (11th Edition). Pearson.
Carbaugh, R. J. (2015). International Economics (15
th
Edition). Cengage Learning.

160. 160

8.5.2. Natural Resource and Environmental Economics (AgEc 421)

Course Description
Natural resources (e.g. land, water, soil and air) provide a fundamental input to production in the
sense that it may be physically impossible to produce welfare enhancing output, without using
natural resources as inputs. This course reviews the origins and evolution of natural and
environmental resource economics. It describes and studies the application of economic principles
and analytical methods for sustainable development of natural resources. Sources of inefficiency
and causes of environmental degradation are examined. An introduction to the concepts and
methods underlying the design and implementation of environmental policies are provided.
Economic valuation of natural and environmental resources is introduced. In this course, an
attempt is made to connect sustainable environment and natural resources management with
sustainable welfare. The course aims at preparing students for the more technically advanced
courses in environmental and natural resources economics.

Course Objective
After completing this course, students are expected to understand the economic foundations of
environmental and natural resource management, with a focus on major local and global
environmental issues such as soil erosion, deforestation, global warming, and water pollution.
They will also be able to analyze and apply economic tools, techniques, and key decision-making
factors to assess environmental problems and formulate sustainable management strategies.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the economic foundations of environmental and natural resource management
in the context of major local and global environmental issues.
CLO-2: Apply key economic tools and techniques to assess environmental problems and
propose sustainable management strategies.
CLO-3: Identify and evaluate the economic, political, and social factors influencing decision-
making in the extraction and development of natural and environmental resources.

161. 161

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √ √

√

CLO-2 √ √ √

√

√ √ √

√

√ √

CLO-3 √ √ √ √

√


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3
Topic One: Introduction to natural resource and environmental
economics
√ √
Topic Two: Concept of sustainability √ √
Topic Three: Welfare Economics and the Environment √ √
Topic Four: Valuing the Environment √
Topic Five: Economics of pollution control √ √
Topic Six: Natural resource exploitation √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 2 Semester II
Course Name Natural Resource and Environmental Economics
Curse Code AgEc 421
Credit hours 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Natural Resource Management (NRM 252)
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name:

e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepen
dent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total

162. 162

Topic One: Introduction to
natural resource and
environmental economics
1.1 Definition and concepts of
basic terms
1.2 The emergence of resource
and environmental
economics
1.3 Fundamental issues in the
economic approach to
resource and environmental
issues
4 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Concept of
sustainability
2.1 The origin of the
sustainability problem
2.2 Economy environment
interdependence
2.3 Ethics economics and the
environment
2.4 Economists on sustainability
2.5 Ecologists on sustainability
2.6 The institutional conception
2.7 Sustainable development
2.8 Sustainability and policy
8 8 20 28 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Three: Welfare
Economics and the
Environment
3.1 Efficiency and optimality
3.1.1 Economic efficiency
3.1.2 An efficient allocation is
not unique
3.1.3 The social welfare function
and optimality
3.1.4 Allocation in a market
economy
3.1.5 Efficiency given ideal
conditions
3.2 Partial equilibrium analysis
of market efficiency
3.3 Market failure, public policy
and the government
3.3.1 The existence of market for
environmental services
3.3.2 Public goods
10 2 12 30 42 Lecture Assignment,
Mid Exam

163. 163

3.3.3 Externalities
3.3.4 Imperfect information
3.3.5 Government failure
Topic Four: Valuing the
Environment
4.1 The need to value the
environmental services
4.2 Types of economics values
4.3 Valuation techniques
4.4 Benefits of valuating the
environment
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture Term Paper,
Final exam
Topic Five: Economics of
pollution control
5.1 Pollution control targets
5.2. Modeling pollution
mechanisms
5.3. Pollution control
instruments
5.4. Pollution policy with
imperfect information
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture,
Case Study
Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Six: Natural resource
exploitation
6.1. Allocation of Non-
Renewable Resources
6.1.1 NRR extraction in a
perfectly competitive
market
6.1.2 NRR extraction in a
monopolistic market
6.2.Allocation of Renewable
Resources
6.2.1 Economics of fishery
6.2.2 Forest Economics
6 6 15 21 Lecture Final exam
Total Course Load 44 6 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..20
Final Exam……………….50%

References

164. 164

R. Perman; Y. Ma; J. McGilvray and M. Common, 2003: Natural Resource and Environmental
Economics, 3
rd
Edition
Tietenberg and Lewis, 2018. Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. 11
th
Edition.
Visions of the Future.
8.5.3. Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperatives Management (ABVM 431)

Course Description
The course is aimed at equipping learners with knowledge and skills in agribusiness organization
and management. The course covers introduction to agribusiness management; small business
systems; organizational behavior; strategic human resource management; consumer behavior;
marketing law and management; change management; farm business management; and resource
mobilization and budgeting.
Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to explain the principles of agribusiness
management along with relevant marketing laws, apply strategic human resource management
practices within agribusiness settings, and analyze consumer behavior while effectively managing
organizational change.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain core concepts and practices in agribusiness management.
CLO-2: Apply strategic human resource management techniques in agribusiness contexts.
CLO-3: Identify and analyse consumer behaviour to inform marketing decisions.
CLO-4: Demonstrate an understanding of marketing laws relevant to agribusiness operations.
CLO-5: Develop and implement strategies for effective change management within
agribusiness organizations.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

165. 165

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1

√

√

√

√ √ √ √

√

√ √
CLO-2

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

√

√ √
CLO-4

√

√ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-5

√

√

√ √ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-5
Topic One: Introduction to Agribusiness
Management
√
Topic Two: Small Business and Farmers
Cooperatives
√ √
Topic Three: Organizational Behavior √ √ √
Topic Four: Strategic Human Resource
Management
√ √
Topic Five: Consumer Behavior √
Topic Six: Marketing Law and Management √ √ √
Topic Seven: Change Management √ √
Topic Eight: Farm Business Management √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester 1
Course Name Agribusiness Organizations and Cooperatives Management
Credit hour 4CrHr/7ECTS
Course code ABVM 431
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name:

e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment

166. 166

Topics
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction to
Agribusiness Management
1.1 Concept of Agribusiness
1.2 Importance of Agri-Business
1.3 Dimensions of Agri-Business
1.4 Scope of Agribusiness
1.5 Structure of Agribusiness
1.6 Distinctive Features of
Agribusiness Management
8 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Small Business and
Farmers Cooperatives
2.1 Concept Of Small Business
2.2 Advantages Of Small Business
2.3 Problems Faced By Small
Businesses
2.4 Sources Of Funding
2.5 Concept Of Farmer
Cooperatives
2.6 Evolution Of Ethiopian
Farmers Cooperatives
2.7 Why Are Cooperatives
Organized?
2.8 Constraints Of Ethiopian
Farmers Cooperatives
2.9 Current Interventions
10 10 25 35 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
ns, Case
Study
(Ethiopia)
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Organizational
Behavior
3.1 Importance of Organizational
Behavior
3.2 Models and Approaches of
Organizational Behavior
3.3 Autocratic, Custodial,
Supportive, and Collegial
Models
3.4 Bureaucracy and Scientific
Management Approaches
3.5 Organizational Culture and Job
Satisfaction
3.6 Organizational Culture, Social
Systems, and Individualization
3.7 Job Satisfaction and
Measurement
8 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam

167. 167

Topic Four: Strategic Human
Resource Management
4.1 Human Resource Management:
an Overview
4.2 Job Analysis & Human
Resource Planning
4.2 Leadership and Management
8 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz,
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Five: Consumer Behavior
5.1 Definition of Consumer
Behavior
5.2 Consumer Purchase Decision
Process
5.3 Factors Affecting Consumer
Behavior
8 8 20 28 Lecture Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Six: Marketing Law and
Management
6.1. Marketing Management
6.2. Nature of Marketing
Management
6.3.Functions of Marketing
6.4 Marketing Law
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz,
Assignment,
Final exam
Topic Seven: Change
Management
7.1 Change Management Process
7.2 Roles of Change Management
7.3 Conflict and Conflict
Management
7.4 Role of Gender in Change
Management
8 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Eight: Farm Business
Management
8.1. Physical Production
Relationships
8.2. Management Decisions
8.3. Risk and Uncertainty in Farm
Business
8 8 20 28 Lecture Final exam
Total Course Load 64 64 160 224
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Test……….….10
Quiz…………10
Assignment …10
Mid Exam …..20
Final Exam……………….50%

168. 168

References
Cunningham, J. B. & Eberle, T. (1990). A Guide to Job Enrichment and redesign. Personnel, Feb
1990, p.57 in Newstrom, J. & Davis, K. (1993). Organization Behavior: Human Behavior
at Work. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Knoster, T., Villa, R., & Thousand, J. (2000). A framework for thinking about systems change. In
R. Villa & J. Thousand (Eds.), Restructuring for caring and effective education: Piecing the
puzzle together (pp. 93-128). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.
Koch, C. (2006). The New Science of Change. CIO Magazine, Sep 15, 2006 (pp 54-56). Also
available on the web:http://www.cio.com/archive/091506/change.html
Stephen PP. R. and Timothy A. J. (2012). Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 11th ed.Umass
ISOM MBA Custom Edition Edition. Pearson Prentice-Hall.
John. M. Ivancevich, 1998. Human Resource Management, 7th ed.
Dessler, 1998. Human Resource Management, 9th ed.
Lioyd.L.Bayers and Leslie W.Rue, 1997. Human Resource Management.
Margaret Attwood and Stuart Dim Mock, 1999. Personnel management.
Margaret Foot Caroline Hook, 1998. Introducing Human Resource Management.
Wendell L. French, 1996. Human Resource Management.
Shaun Tyson and Alford york, 2001. An introduction to Human resource Management 1st ed.

8.5.4. Food and Agricultural Policy (AgEc 441)

Course Description
This course requires a basic knowledge of Microeconomic and Macroeconomics as a pre-requisite.
For most developing countries including Ethiopia, agriculture is the primary economic activity and
employ more than half of active population. However, the levels of poverty and food insecurity
remain high most of developing countries, especially in the rural areas. Therefore, appropriate
agricultural and food policy is vital to the overall economic development and to achieved food
self-sufficient and poverty alleviation. The rationale for providing Food Security and Agricultural
Policy is to equip the students clearly understand basic concept of food security and agricultural

169. 169

policy; food and nutrition security and indicators; effect of different agricultural policy and
stabilizing markets policy markets stabilizer on food security.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to demonstrate a foundational understanding of
food security concepts, including the challenges and driving forces that influence it at both local
and global levels. They will also be able to analyze the role and impact of agricultural and market-
stabilizing policy instruments, evaluating their advantages and disadvantages and their effects on
food security outcomes at both macro and micro levels.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the fundamental concepts of food security and the importance of agricultural
policy in addressing food insecurity.
CLO-2: Identify and analyse key challenges and driving forces affecting food security at local
and global levels.
CLO-3: Evaluate the outcomes, advantages, and disadvantages of different market-stabilizing
policy instruments.
CLO-4: Assess the impact of various agricultural policies on food security at both macro and
micro levels.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√

√

√

√

√
CLO-2 √ √ √ √ √

√ √

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-3

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√

√

√

√
CLO-4 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √

170. 170

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4
Topic One: Introduction to food security and agricultural
policy
√ √
Topic Two: Overview of Agricultural and Food policy In
Ethiopia
√ √ √
Topic Three: Food and Nutrition security and measurement √ √
Topic Four: Driving forces of food security √
Topic Five: Relationship between Stabilizing Agricultural
Markets Policy and food security
√ √ √
Topic Six: Impact of Agricultural Policies on food security √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester I
Course Name Food and Agricultural policy
Curse Code AgEc 441
Credit hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Microeconomics I and II; Macroeconomics I and II
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction to food
security and agricultural
policy
1.1 Foundation, Definition and
dimensions food security
1.2 Principles and objectives of
agricultural policy
1.3 Agricultural and food
problems in developing
country
1.4 Role of agriculture in poverty
and food insecurity reduction
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Class
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam

171. 171

1.5 Role of agriculture in
economic development of
developing countries
Topic Two: Overview of
Agricultural and Food
policy In Ethiopia
2.1 Agricultural Policy in
Ethiopia
2.2 Food Security Policy in
Ethiopia
4 4 10 14 Lecture Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Food and
Nutrition security and
measurement
3.1 Understanding the Hunger,
food and nutritional
insecurity and poverty
3.2 Types of Food Insecurity
3.3 Food Security Indictors
3.3.1 Aggregate level food
security indicators
3.3.2 Micro level food security
indicators
3.3.3 Methods of measuring
food security
3.3.3.1 Calorie intake
3.3.3.2 Coping strategy index
3.3.3.3 Hunger scale
3.3.3.4 Consumption preference
score
3.3.3.5 Deitary diversity index
3.3.3.6 Cost of basic needs
approach
3.4. Dimensions of food security
3.5.Food Consumption Patterns
3.6.Food Balance Sheets (FBS)
3.7.Measurement approaches of
poverty
8 8 20 28 Lecture,
Group
Work
Presentation,
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Driving forces of
food security
4.1 Food production efficiency,
productivity and food
security;
4.2 Nature of farming system and
food security;
10 10 25 35 Lecture Term Paper,
Final exam

172. 172

4.3 Resource degradation,
Climate Change and food
security
4.4 Gender in food production
and food security
4.5 Political instability and food
security
4.6 Biotechnology (GMOs) and
food security;
4.7 Globalization and food
security.
4.8 Migration and food security
4.9 Food safety and food security
Topic Five: Relationship
between Stabilizing
Agricultural Markets Policy
and food security
5.1 Minimum Support Prices
5.2 Procurement Prices
5.3 Public Distribution System
5.4 Buffer Stock and Buffer fund
5.5 Food Stamps and Rationing
5.6 Export-import taxes and
Subsidy
10 10 25 35 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Six: Impact of
Agricultural Policies on
food security
6.1.Exchange rate policy
6.2. Marketing policy
6.3.Input policy
6.4.Credit policy
6.5.Land use policy
6.6. Research and Development
policy
10 10 25 35 Lecture,
Discussio
n
Group
Presentation,
Final exam
Total Course Load 48 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers ….10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam ….30
Final Exam……………….50%

References

173. 173

Roger Norton. 2004. Agricultural Development Policy: Concepts and Experiences. Wiley/FAO,
Rome (Chapters 1 and 2)
Bresciani, F. and Alberto Valdes 2007, Beyond Food Production: The role of agriculture in poverty
reduction. Edgar Elgar/FAO.
FAO. 2019. National gender profile of agriculture and rural livelihoods – Ethiopia. Country Gender
Assessment Series, Addis Ababa. 84 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO
Dorosh, P. and Rashid, S. eds., 2013. Food and agriculture in Ethiopia: Progress and policy
challenges. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Pangaribowo, Evita Hanie; Gerber, Nicolas; and Torero, Maximo. 2013. Food and nutrition
security indicators: A review. ZEF Working Paper Series 108. Bonn, Germany: Center for
Development Research (ZEF), University of Bonn.
http://www.zef.de/fileadmin/webfiles/downloads/zef_wp/wp108.pdf
Alston, J.M and J.S. James. 2002. The incidence of agricultural policy. Chapter 33 in Handbook
of Agricultural Economics, Volume 2, B. Gardner and G. Rausser (eds).Elsevier Science :
pp1690-1700 = Bullock, D.S and K. Salhofer. 2003. Judging agricultural policies: a
survey.Agricultural Economics Vol. 28: pp225-235.
Roger Norton. 2004, Agricultural Development Policy: Concepts and Experiences. Wiley/FAO,
Rome.
Ellis, F. 1992: Agricultural policies in developing countries. CambridgeUniversity Press.
Gibbon, Peter , Stefano Poute and Evelyne Lazaro, eds. 2010. Global Agro-Food, Trade and
Standards: Challenges for Africa. Palgrave Macmillan.
Crawford, I. M. 1997. Agricultural and Food Marketing Management. Rome: FAO.
Gittinger, J. Price, J. Leslie; and C. Hoisington,, eds. 1987. Food Policy: Integrating Supply,
Distribution, and Consumption. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Sage, Colin. 2007. 'Bending Science to Match their Convictions': Hygienist Conceptions of Food
Safety as a Challenge to Alternative Food Enterprises in Ireland. Pp. 203-221 in Alternative
Food Geographies: Representation and Practice. Damian Maye, Lewis Holloway and
Moya Kneafsey (eds.). Oxford, UK: Elsevier.
DeLind, Laura B. and Philip H. Howard. 2008. "Safe at any Scale? Food Scares, Food Regulation
and Scaled Alternatives." Agriculture and Human Values, 25, 3: 301-317.

174. 174

Pothukuchi, Kami and Jerome Kaufman. 1999. “Placing the Food System on the Urban Agenda:
The Role of Municipal Institutions in Food Systems Planning.” Agriculture and Human
Values. 16: 213-224.

8.5.5. Practical Attachment (AgEc 451)

Course Description
Students shall be attached for at least two months to identified and approved organizations or
institutions for getting practical (on job) experience on issues related to management, marketing
and financing under close supervision of the departmental or faculty staff. The student should keep
a record for daily work signed by his/her direct supervisor and produce a comprehensive report on
their practical experiences and findings in the prescribed format, verified by the authorized
supervisor, at the end of the period. It is a 2Cr.Hrs/3ECTS course.

Course Objective
The main purpose of the course is to provide students with work experience, and exposure to the
real work environment in agribusiness, community and rural development activities so that they
can easily cope with their future careers upon graduation.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Demonstrate adaptability by effectively integrating into the work environments of the
host institutions.
CLO-2: Engage in professional tasks and responsibilities relevant to the functions and
activities of the host organizations.
CLO-3: Apply technical knowledge and skills in operating scientific equipment, utilizing
computer software or models, and managing data generation and processing systems.
CLO-4: Demonstrate employability skills by identifying and showcasing their competencies
to potential employers.
CLO-5: Produce a scientifically structured report based on observations and research data
collected during the attachment.

175. 175

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-3

√ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√ √ √

√ √ √

√ √

√ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Class Year Year 4 Semester I
Course Name Practical Attachment
Curse Code AgEc 451
Credit hour 2CrHr/3ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours
Assessment
 Written Report……………….40%
 Presentation …………………. 40%
 Host institution evaluation…….20%
8.5.6. Value Chain Analysis and Development (ABVM 222)

Course Description
In this course learners will gain clear insights into the process of value chain formation learn the
process of value chain formation, structure, networks, relationships and chain development
strategies. Students will be able to conduct value chain analysis and apply value chain approach in
development intervention. They will also discuss matters pertinent to business environment,
industrial policy assistance, enhancing institutional support, specific and direct interventions and

176. 176

programs. They will also appreciate the importance of different organization’s value chain
development approach.

Course Objective
This course provides the basis to develop a new value chain as well as improving an existing value
chain by developing value chain strategies.
Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Describe the fundamental steps involved in conducting a value chain analysis.
CLO-2: Explain the concepts and processes underlying value chain development and
formation.
CLO-3: Apply value chain approaches and principles to identify opportunities for chain
improvement.
CLO-4: Analyse and determine governance structures or leadership roles that support effective
value chain development.
CLO-5: Develop and implement strategies for enhancing and sustaining value chain
performance.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4 CLO-4
Topic One: Introduction √ √
Topic Two: Value chain analysis √ √
Topic Three: Value chain governance √

177. 177

Topic Four: Value chain development and
improvement
√ √ √ √
Topic Five: Value chain approaches √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester I
Course Name Value Chain Analysis and Development
Course Code ABVM 222
Credit hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Introduction to value chain
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation Hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction to Value
Chain
1.1.Concepts of Value Chain
1.2.Origin and Evolution the
Value Chain Approach
1.3.Underlying Assumptions and
Importance of Value Chain
1.4.Principles of Value Chain in
Agriculture
1.5.Characteristics of Value
Chain
1.6.Dimensions of Value Chain
1.1.Traditional Marketing Systems
and Value Chain versus Supply
Chain
2 2 5 7 Lecture Quiz, Mid
eaxm
Topic Two: Value Chain Analysis
2.1.Basic Concepts in
agricultural Value Chain
Analysis
2.2.Principles and Criteria in
Selecting a Value Chain to
Upgrade
10 10 25 35 Lecture Assignment,
Mid exam

178. 178

2.3.Steps in Value Chain
Analysis
2.4.Value Chain Mapping
2.5.Value Chain Linkages
2.6.Gender Issues in Value
Chain Analysis
Topic Three: Value chain
governance
3.1.Concepts of governance
3.2.Importance of governance in
value
chain

3.3.Dimension of value chain
governance
3.4.Steps in analyzing value chain
governance
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture Quiz, Mid
eaxm
Topic Four: Value chain
development and
improvement
4.1.Building a value
chain

4.1.1. Principles of value chain
development
4.1.2. Requirements for successful
value chain
development

4.1.3. Stages in building a value
chain
4.2.Value chain
improvement

4.2.1. Stages in value chain
improvement
4.3.Strategies for chain development
and improvement
4.4.Supporting factors for value
chain development and
improvement
4.4.1. Logistics in value chain
4.4.2. Value chain finance: Types
and framework
14 4 18 45 63 Lecture Assignment,
Final exam

179. 179

4.4.3. Value chain information
management
Topic Five: Value chain
approaches
5.1.The Netherlands Development
Organization (SNV’s) approach
5.2.German Technical Cooperation
(GTZ’s)
approach

5.3.NIMPF approach to value chain
5.4.The ICEBERG approach to
value chain
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture Assignment,
Quiz, Final
exam
Total Course Load 40 8 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Quiz……………….10
Assignment………..15
Mid Exam ………...25
Final Exam……………….50%

Text Books/References
John Humphrey and Hubert Schmitz (2001). Governance in Global Value Chains. Institute of
Development Studies, IDS Bulletin 32.3, 2001.
John Humphrey, (2005). Shaping Value Chains for Development: Global Value Chains in
Agribusiness. German Technical Cooperation (GTZ), Eschborn. Micro report number167,
USAID, ACDI/VOCA.
M. Porter (1985), Competitive Advantage, Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance,
The Mike Coates, Richard Kitchen, Geoffrey Kebbell, Catherine Vignon, Claude Guillemain and
Robin Hofmeister (2011), Financing Agricultural Value Chains in Africa, - Focus on Coffee
and Sesame in Ethiopia, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
GmbH, Eschborn, Germany
Olaf Van Kooten, 2011. Value chain Management in Horticulture Lecture Note.
Paul van Hal, and Gert Jan Hofstede, 2004. Netchain IMProvement Framework: Framework for
chain and network diagnosis and change. Version 3.5. GJH PVH.

180. 180

RTRS International Technical Group (ITG), 2010. RTRS Standard for Responsible Soy
Production. As an output of their meeting to review the RTRS Principles and Criteria for
Responsible Soy: Field Testing Version 1.0. (Sao Paulo, Brazil 24-27 March 2010).
Ruerd Ruben, Aad van Tilburg, Jacques Trienekens and Martinus van Bokel (2009? ). Linking
market integration, supply chain governance, quality and value added in tropical food
chains. In: Ruerd Ruben, Martinus van Bokel Aad van Tilburg, and Jacques Trienekens
(eds.), Tropical Food Chains: Governance Regimes for Quality Management.
SNV, (2011). SNV’s value chain development approach. The Netherlands Development
Organization (SNV): http://www.business-ethiopia.com.
Surendra Raj Joshi, (2008). Honey in Nepal: Approach, Strategy, and Intervention for Subsector
Promotion. German Technical Cooperation/Private Sector Promotion-Rural Finance
Nepal (GTZ/PSP-RUFIN).
Timothy J. Sturgeon (2008). From Commodity Chains to Value Chains: Interdisciplinary Theory
Building in an Age of Globalization. In: Frontiers of Commodity Chain
UNIDO (2009), Agro-value Chain Analysis and Development, The UNIDO Approach. A staff
working paper. United Nations Industrial Development Organization , Vienna.
Vijayender Reddy, 2011. Lecture Note on Value Chain Finance and on Value Chain Marketing.
Vorst, Van der J.G.A.J., A.J.M. Beulens and P. van Beek (2005), Innovations in Logistics and ICT
in food supply chain networks, in: Innovations in Agri-Food sysyems, (Eds) W.M.F. Jongen
& M.T.G. Meulenberg, Wageningen Academic publishers, Wageningen.


8.5.7. Entrepreneurship (Mgmt 411)

Course Description
This interdisciplinary course is designed to introduce students the meaning and concept of
entrepreneurship, creativity, innovation and their manageable processes that can be applied across
careers and work settings. It focuses on building entrepreneurial attitude and behavior that will
lead to creative solution within community and organizational environments. The course topics
include the history of entrepreneurship, the role of entrepreneurs in the globalized economy and

181. 181

the identification of entrepreneurial opportunities. The development of a business ideas, products
and services, marketing and developing new ventures, the examination of feasibility studies and
the social and ethical implications of entrepreneurship are incorporated. Besides, issues related to
starting and financing a new venture are included. Finally, managing growth, transition and
sustainability of the venture are considered. Also forms of business organizations, legal and
regulatory frameworks of governing the whole system are encompassed in the course syllabus.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to explain core entrepreneurial concepts, including
the definition of entrepreneurship, forms of business ownership, and intellectual property rights.
They will be able to identify and evaluate business opportunities and develop viable business plans
that align with market needs and legal considerations. Students will also apply key marketing
principles and formulate context-based strategies to effectively promote and position new
ventures. Furthermore, they will demonstrate the ability to identify sources of financing, manage
business growth and transition, and practice ethical business conduct in their interactions with all
stakeholders.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the concept of entrepreneurship and its relevance within societal and
economic contexts.
CLO-2: Identify and evaluate business opportunities, and develop comprehensive business
plans that address market and operational needs.
CLO-3: Distinguish forms of business ownership and demonstrate understanding of
intellectual property rights in business practices.
CLO-4: Apply basic marketing concepts and formulate context-specific marketing strategies
to promote entrepreneurial ventures.
CLO-5: Identify and assess sources of financing appropriate for launching and scaling new
businesses.
CLO-6: Manage the growth and transition of entrepreneurial ventures through effective
planning and execution.

182. 182

CLO-7: Demonstrate ethical decision-making and responsible business conduct in interactions
with all stakeholders.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√ √

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √ √

√ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-3

√

√

√ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-4

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-5

√

√ √

√ √ √ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-7

√

√

√ √ √ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Definition and Concepts √ √
Topic Two: Business Planning √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Business Formation √ √
Topic Four: Product or Service Development √ √
Topic Five: Marketing √
Topic Six: Financing the New Business √
Topic Seven: Managing Growth and Transition √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/ class year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester I
Course Title Entrepreneurship
Course Code Mgmt 411
Credit Hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites
Status of the course Compulsory/Common
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

183. 183

Topic Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Definition and
Concepts
1.1. Definition and philosophy of
Entrepreneurship Vs
Entrepreneurs
1.1.1. Historical origin of
entrepreneurship
1.2.Type of Entrepreneurs
1.3. Role within the economy
1.4.Entrepreneurial Competence and
Environment
1.4.1. Entrepreneurial Mindset
1.4.2. Demographic Factors
1.4.3. Entrepreneurial Environment
1.5. Entrepreneurship, creativity and
innovation
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussion
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Business Planning
2.1. Opportunity Identification and
Evaluation
2.2. Business Idea Development
2.2.1 Business Idea Identification
2.2.2 Sources of Business Ideas
2.2.3 Methods for generating
Business Ideas
2.3. The Concept of Business
Planning
2.4. Business Feasibility
2.5. The Business plan
2.6. Developing a business plan
9 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Business
Formation
3.1. The Concept of Business
Development
3.2. Forms of Business (a short
explanation)
3.3. Definition and Importance of
SMEs
3.4. Setting up small scale business
3.5 Roles of SMEs
3.6. Business failure and success
factors.
3.6.1 Problems of small scale
business in Ethiopia
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Case Study
Assignment,
Mid exam

184. 184

3.7 Organizational structure and
entrepreneurial team
formation
Topic Four: Product or Service
Development
4.1. The Concept of product or
service technology
4.2. Product or service development
Process
4.3 Legal and regulatory frameworks
4.4 Intellectual Property
Protection/Product or service
protection
4.4.1 Patent
4.4.2 Trademarks
4.4.3 Copyrighting
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Five: Marketing
5.1.The Concept and
philosophy of
marketing
5.2. Marketing Mix and Strategies
5.3 Marketing
Information System
5.3.1 Marketing intelligence
5.3.2 Marketing research
5.5. Competitive analysis
5.6 Selling and Customer
Service
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Six: Financing the New
Business
6.1 Overview of Business Financing
6.2 Source of financing
6.2.1 Equity financing
6.2.2 Debt financing
6.2.2.1 Trade credit
6.2.2.2 Lease financing
6.3 Traditional Financing
(Equib/Edir, etc.)
6.4 Crowd Funding
6.5 Micro finance in Ethiopia
9 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture Assignment,
Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Seven: Managing Growth
and Transition
7.1. Managing business growth
6 6 15 21 Lecture Final exam

185. 185

7.2. New venture expansion strategies
7.3. Business Ethics and Social
Responsibility
Total Hours 48 48 120 168
Quiz……………………………….5%
Test……………………………….15%
Individual Assignment…..............10%
Business Plan Preparation………15%
Presentation………………………5%
Final exam…………………….….50%

Recommended Text book
Hirsh Robert. and D. and Peters MichaelP. “Entrepreneurship” Fifth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill
Edition, 2002.
Justin G. Longenecker and Carlos W. Moore, Small Business Management 12th edition, College
Division South Western Publishing Co. Dallas, 2003
Holt David H. “Entrepreneurship – New venture Creation “Eastern Economy Edition, 2000.
DonaldF.Kutatko and RichardM.Hodgetts, “Entrepreneurship: A Cotemporary Approach” Fourth
Edition.
HailayGebretinsae, Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management, 2
nd
Edition. approach “.
Fourth Edition, the Dryden Press, 1998.





8.5.8. History of Ethiopia and the Horn (Hist 1012)

Course Description
This course is a common course given to Higher Learning Institutions Students/HLIS. Students
will learn about the role of history in human life and goals of studying history. Students will also
learn the importance of history in nation building and the making of identity in time and space.
This course covers the major historical processes in Ethiopia and the Horn. The course is also

186. 186

concerned with how the socio-cultural, religious, economic and political experiences of the past
are interwoven in the making of the current Ethiopia and the Horn. It is useful to know how
personalities helped change the scenario, and how societies, peoples and the world that we live in
have changed over time and its implication for history of Ethiopia and the Horn. It is helpful to
understand history as a base for shaping and bettering of the future.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Distinguish meaning, nature and uses of history
CLO-2: Identify pertinent sources for the history of the peoples of Ethiopia and the Horn
CLO-3: Describe changes & continuities that unfolded in Ethiopia and the Horn
CLO-4: Elucidate the causes, courses and consequences of events happened in the region
CLO-5: Explain the nature of the region’s external contacts and their effects
CLO-6: Appreciate peoples’ achievements, heritages and cultural diversities of the region

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-2

√

√

√ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √

√

√

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √

√

√

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √

√

√

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-3 CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Introduction: Concepts of
History: Meaning, Nature, and Uses
√
Topic Two: Peoples and Cultures in Ethiopia
and the Horn
√ √
Topic Three: Polities, Economy & Socio-
Cultural Processes in Ethiopia & the
Horn to end of 13th Century
√ √ √

187. 187

Topic Four: Politics, Economy & Socio-
Cultural Processes from Late 13th – the
beginning of 16th Century
√ √
Topic Five: Politics, Economy & Socio-
Cultural Processes from Early 16th–the
End of the 18th Century
√ √ √
Topic Six: Internal Interactions and External
Relations from the 1800–1941
√ √ √
Topic Seven: Internal Interactions and
External Relations from the 1941–1994
√ √ √ √
Topic Eight: Cross-Cutting Issues in History
of Ethiopia and the Horn
√ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/ class year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year I Semester II
Course Title History of Ethiopia and the Horn
Course Code Hist 1012
Credit hour 3CrHrs/5ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor name Name: e-mail:
Tutor name Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topic
Course Load
Delivery

Assessment Contact hrs. Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Introduction
1.1. Concepts of History:
Meaning, Nature and Uses
1.2. Sources & Methods of
Historical Study
1.3. Origin and Development of
Historiography of Ethiopia
and the Horn
1.4. Introducing and
Understanding Ethiopia and
the Horn
4 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz,
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Two: Peoples and
Cultures in Ethiopia and the
Horn
2.1. Human Evolution
2.2. Neolithic Revolution
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussion
Term Paper,
Mid exam

188. 188

2.3. The Peopling of the Region
2.3.1. Languages and Linguistic
Processes: Afro-Asiatic
Super Family (Cushitic,
Semitic & Omotic Families)
and Nilo-Saharan (Chari-
Nile & Koman families)
2.3.2. Settlement Patterns
2.3.3. Economic Formations
2.4. Religion and Religious
Processes
2.4.1. Indigenous
2.4.2. Judaism
2.4.3. Christianity
2.4.4. Islam
Topic Three: Polities, Economy
& Socio-Cultural Processes
in Ethiopia & the Horn to
end of 13th Century
3.1. Evolution of States
3.2. Ancient Polities
3.2.1. North and Northeast
3.2.1.1. Punt
3.2.1.2. Damat
3.2.1.3. Axum
3.2.1.4. Zagwe
3.2.2. East, Central, Southern and
Western
3.2.2.1. Agaw, Bizamo, Damot,
Enaraya, Gafat.
3.2.2.2. Muslim Sultanates
(Shewa, Ifat, Dawaro, Fatagar,
Bali, Hadiya, Arebabani,
Shirka, Dera…)
3.3. External Contacts
3.4. Economic Formations
(Agriculture, Handicraft,
Trade…)
3.5. Socio-cultural achievements
(Architecture, Writing …)
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Case Study
Mid Exam,
Presentation
Topic Four: Politics, Economy
& Socio-Cultural Processes
from Late 13th – the
beginning of 16th Century
4.1. “Restoration” of the
“Solomonic‟‟ Dynasty
4.2. Power Struggle,
Consolidation, Territorial and
Religious Expansion of the
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Work
Assignment,
Mid Exam

189. 189

Christian Kingdom
4.2.1. Succession Problem and
the Establishment of Royal
Prison
4.2.2. Territorial Expansion
towards Agaw, Bizamo,
Damot, Red Sea, Bete-
Israel/“Falasha…”
4.2.3. Evangelization and
Religious Movements
4.3. Social, Economic and
Political Dynamics of Muslim
Sultanates
4.3.1. Political Developments in
the Muslim Sultanates and the
Rise of Adal
4.3.2. Trade and the Expansion of
Islam
4.4. Rivalry between the
Christian Kingdom and the
Muslim Sultanates
4.5. External Relations
Topic Five: Politics, Economy
& Socio-Cultural Processes
from Early 16th–the End of
the 18th Century
5.1. Interaction and Conflicts of
the Christian Kingdom and the
Sultanate of Adal
5.2. Foreign Interventions and
Religious Controversies
5.3. Population Movements
5.3.1. Population Movements of
the Afar, Somali and Argobba
5.3.2. Gadaa System and Oromo
Population Movement (1522-
1618)
5.4. Interaction and integration
across ethnic and religious
diversities
5.5. Peoples and States in
Eastern, Central, Southern and
Western Regions
5.5.1. Kushitic: Afar, Somali,
Oromo, Sidama, Hadya,
Kembata, Konso, Gedeo,
Burji…
5.5.2. Semitic: Harari Emirate,
Shewa Kingdom, Gurage
7 7 17 24 Lecture,
Debate
Term Paper,
Final Exam

190. 190

Polity…
5.5.3. Omotic: Kaffa, Wolayita,
Gamo Gofa, Dawro, Konta,
Yem…
5.5.4. Nilotic: Anuak, Nuer,
Berta, Gumuz…
5.6. The Period of Gondar (1636-
1769) and “Zamana
Mesafint/Era of Princes”
(1769-1855)
5.6.1. The Revival of the
Christian Kingdom
5.6.2. Gondar achievements:
architecture, painting, music,
literature, urbanization, trade
etc.
5.6.3. Gondar Political
Developments: “Close Door
Policy,” Reforms, “Byzantine
Politics”…
5.6.4. Major Features of Era of
Princes (1769-1855) and
Yejju Dynasty (1786-1853)
Topic Six: Internal
Interactions and External
Relations from the 1800–
1941
6.1. The Nature of Interactions
among peoples and states of
Ethiopia and the Horn
6.1.1. Peoples and sates of Kafa,
Wollaitta, Gibe, Leqa,
Qabena, Shawa...
6.1.2. The Role Trade and Trade
Routes in the interaction
6.2. Power Rivalry
6.3. The Making of Modern
Empire State (Territorial
Expansion, Centralization
process…)
6.4. Modernization Attempts:
administration, military,
innovation, education, road
construction, railway,
transportation &
communication,
constitution…
6.5. Socio -Economic
Issues/Processes: agriculture,
7 7 18 25 Lecture,
Reading
Groups
Quiz, Final
Exam

191. 191

disease & famine, trade,
slavery, manufacturing…
6.6. External Relations,
Challenges and Threats
6.6.1. External Diplomatic
Relations and Treaties
6. 6. 2. The Major Battles
(Meqdela, Gundet, Gura,
Dogali, Mattama, Adwa,
Maychew…)
6. 6. 3. Italian Occupation and the
Patriotic Resistance
Topic Seven: Internal
Interactions and External
Relations from the 1941–
1994
7.1. Post 1941 Imperial Period
7.1. 1. Political Scene:
Restoration & Consolidation
of Imperial Power and
External Relations
7.1. 2. Socio -economic
Conditions: agriculture &
tenancy, famine, factories,
education,
health, transportation, religion,
welfare institutions (idir,
iqub…)
7.1.3. Opposition: Conspiracies,
Revolts and Downfall of the
Monarchical Regime
7.2. The Derg Regime (1974-
1991)
7.2. 1. The Rise of Derg and the
Political Momentum
7.2.2. Attempts at Reforms: Land
Reform, Development
through Cooperation
Campaign, Collectivization,
Agricultural Marketing
Corporation, Resettlement,
Villagization, Literacy…
7.2.3. Internal oppositions,
Ethio-Somali War,
International Changes & End
of the Derg
7.3. Historical Developments,
1991-1994 (transitional
charter: language & identity
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Film
Viewing
Quiz,
Assignment,
Final exam

192. 192

issues…)
Topic Eight: Cross-Cutting
Issues in History of Ethiopia
and the Horn
8.1. The Role of Women in
Ethiopian History (economic,
political, cultural and social)
8.2. Environmental Dynamics:
changes and continuities
(deforestation, drought,
pollution…)
8.3. Indigenous Knowledge:
education, folk medicine,
conflict resolution
mechanisms (Makabanto,
Shimigilinna, Yejoka,
Samugnit, Guma, Luwa, Byto,
Heer, Seera… )
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussion
s
Presentation,
Term Paper,
Final exam
Total Course Load 48 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers-Presentation ……10
Quiz…………10
Assignment…10
Mid Exam …...20
Final Exam….50%

References
Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and
Muslim-European Rivalry in the Region. Frankcass, 1980.
Ethiopia: The Era of The Prince; The Challenge of Islam and The Re-unification of The
Christian Empire 1769-1855. Institute of Asian & African Studies the Hebrew University, 1968.
Alberto, Sbacchi. Ethiopia under Mussolini: Fascism and the Colonial Experience. 1985.
Alemayehu Haile et al. History of the Oromo to the Sixteenth Century. Finfinne: OCTB, 2006.
Andargachew Tiruneh. The Ethiopia Revolution 1974-1987: Transformation from Aristocracy to
Totalitarian Autocracy. Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Asmarom Legesse. Gada: Three Approaches to Study of African Society. London: Free Press.
Bahru Zewde. A History of Modern Ethiopia, 1855-1991. Addis Ababa University Press.

193. 193

__________. Society, State and History, Selected Essays. Addis Ababa: AAU Pres, 2008.
Bender, M. L. and et al. Eds. The Languages of Ethiopia. London, 1976.
Clark, J.D. The Prehistoric Cultures of the Horn of Africa. Cambridge University Press, 1954.
Crabtree J Pam &Campana V. Douglas. Archaeology and Pre-history.
Gebru Tareke. Ethiopia Power and Protests: The Ethiopian Peasants Revolts in the 20th Century.
Cambridge University Press, 1991.
Gadaa Melbaa. Oromia. Minneapolis, 1999.
Haberland, Eike. “Notes on the History of Southern Ethiopian Peoples.” Paris, 1975.
Marcus, Harold G. A History of Ethiopia. University of California Press: Berkeley, 1992.
Mohammed Hassen. The Oromo of Ethiopia 1570-1860. Cambridge, 1990.
Pankhrust, Richard. 1997. The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient
Times to the end of the 18th Century. Red Sea Press.
Rubenson, Sven. Survival of Ethiopian Independence. 1972.
Sergew Hable Selassie. Ancient and Medival Ethiopian History to 1270. Addis Ababa, 1972.
Shiferaw Bekele. Economic History of Modern Ethiopia: Imperial Era 1941-1974. Vol. I. Dakar,
1995.
Taddesse Tamrat. Church and State in Ethiopia, 1270-1527. Oxford, 1972.
Teshale Tibebu. The Making of Modern Ethiopia, 1855- 1974. The Red Sea Press, 1995.
Trimingham, J.Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. London: Frankcass and Company LTD, 1965.
8.5.9. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis (AgEc 412)

Course Description
This course is primarily designed to introduce students with the basic concepts of agricultural and
rural development projects and to make them have an insight into the role of projects towards
development of the country. The course introduces students with the basic concepts of agricultural
and rural development projects and to make them have an insight into the role of projects towards
development of the country. The course acquaints students with basic principles, approaches,
techniques and activities in the project cycle. Starting from conceiving the idea of a project to its
screening, analysis and project appraisal, financing of the project and project implementation and
finally its evaluation is the part of the discussion in the course. The introduces about different

194. 194

aspects of an agricultural project, reasons why agricultural projects fails, projects cycle
management, the concept of Logical Frame Work Approach and gender mainstreaming in
planning. Furthermore, project planning and analysis as a learning task in this educational unit
focuses on investment appraisal by using financial and economic
approach.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to provide students with the knowledge of key
concepts, features, and developmental roles of agricultural projects. It seeks to build students’
capacity in assessing the economic viability of such projects through cost-benefit analysis and
appraisal techniques, enabling them to make informed decisions in agricultural investment and
planning.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Understand the concept of agricultural projects, describe their key features, and
analyse their role in national development;
CLO-2: Identify and evaluate the components of project costs and benefits, outline the stages
of the project cycle, and recognize common sources of project ideas;
CLO-3: Analyse various aspects of project preparation and apply different approaches to cost-
benefit analysis in the context of agricultural projects; and
CLO-4: Apply appropriate methods to select and appraise agricultural projects based on
economic and technical feasibility.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√ √

√ √ √

√ √

√ √ √

195. 195

CLO-3 √ √

√ √ √

√ √ √

√

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √

√

√ √

√ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3 CLO-4
Topic One: Concepts, features and importance of
agricultural projects
√
Topic Two: Aspects of project preparation and
analysis
√
Topic Three: Project cycle management √
Topic Four: Project Costs and Benefits √ √
Topic Five: Financial Analysis √ √
Topic Six: Economic and Social Analysis √ √
Topic Seven: Evaluation and appraisal of projects √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester II
Course Name Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis
Curse Code AgEc 412
Credit hours 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Concepts,
features and
importance of
agricultural projects
1.1. The project concept
1.2. Linkage between
Programs and Projects
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam

196. 196

Topic Two: Aspects of
project preparation
and analysis
2.1. Aspects of Project
Preparation &
Framework of analysis
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Three: Project cycle
management
3.1. Project Life Cycle –
World Bank Approach
3.2. Project Life Cycle –
UNIDO Approach
3.3. The Logical
Framework Approach
(LFA)
3.4. Problem Tree Analysis
3.4. Gender in project cycle
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Four: Project Costs
and Benefits
4.1. Objectives, Costs and
Benefits
4.2. Costs and Benefits: In
Financial and
Economic Analysis
4.3. Intangible Costs and
Benefits
4.4. Tangible Benefits of
projects
8 2 10 25 35 Lecture,
Exercises
Mid exam
Topic Five: Financial
Analysis
5.1. Objectives of Financial
Analysis
5.2. Pricing Project Costs and
Benefits
5.3. Financial Ratios
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture Term Paper,
Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Six: Economic and
Social Analysis
6.1. Purpose of Economic
Analysis
6.2. Economic and social cost
benefit analysis
6.3. Approaches of measuring
Economic Cost and
Benefit of a project
6.4. Economic Export and
Import Parity Price
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam

197. 197

6.5. Valuation of Non-traded
Goods
6.6. Valuing Externalities
Topic Seven: Evaluation
and appraisal of
projects
7.1. Undiscounted methods
7.2. Discounted measure of
project worth
4 4 10 14 Lecture Final exam
Total Course Load 42 6 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Papers….10
Quiz…………10
Presentation…10
Mid Exam …..20
Final Exam……………….50%

References
Behrens, W. and P.Hawrank. (1991). Manual for the preparation of industrial feasibility studies.
United Nations Industerial Development Organizations (UNIDO).
Chandra P. (1995). Projects: Planning, Analysis, selection, implementation and 4th edition. Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
Edwin Flippo and Gary Munsinger. (1970). Project Management, 3rd edition Boston: Allyn and
Bacon.
Gittinger P. (1982) .Economic Analysis of Agricultural Projects, 2nd Edition, EDI Series in
Economic Development Institute of the World Bank, the Johnson Hopkins University
Press, USA.
Lumpy, Stephen. (1991). “Investment Appraisal and Financing Decisions”, fourth edition,
Chapman and Hall, London.
Potts D. (2002).Project planning and Analysis for development. Lynne Rienner publishers.

8.5.10. Agricultural Marketing (AgEc 422)

Course Description

198. 198

The aim of this course is to able student to use pricing methods, marketing functions and marketing
mixes and institutions involved in farm product marketing, expose students to the economic role
of marketing and approaches to the study of agricultural markets in Ethiopia and elsewhere.
Expose students to the concepts of marketing and marketing systems; features of marketing and
marketing philosophies and communication tools in agricultural marketing; to equip students with
economic theory and analytical tools to analyze the market forces that affect commodity and food
prices. Provide students with practical experience with application of marketing tools to analyze
and interpret marketing data and Make students to understand how economists deal with marketing
costs, channels and marketing margins.

Course Objective
After completing this course, students will be able to assess the contribution of agriculture and
food marketing to economic development and exhibit a solid grasp of essential marketing
principles, market structures, and functions in the agricultural sector. They will be capable of
utilizing a range of marketing techniques including pricing, promotional strategies, and market
research to support effective decision-making and improve the performance of agricultural
enterprises. Furthermore, students will develop the skills to analyze agricultural marketing systems
by identifying appropriate marketing channels, projecting demand and supply trends, and
recognizing the distinct features of marketing agricultural products in contrast to manufactured
goods.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Analyse the role of agriculture and food marketing in promoting economic
development;
CLO-2: Explain core marketing concepts and the structure and functioning of agricultural
markets;
CLO-3: Apply appropriate pricing strategies and marketing orientations to improve market
performance;
CLO-4: Identify and evaluate marketing channels, and compute marketing costs and margins
at different stages of the marketing process;

199. 199

CLO-5: Distinguish between the characteristics and challenges of marketing agricultural
versus manufactured goods;
CLO-6: Design effective marketing communication strategies and conduct market research to
support decision-making in agricultural firms;
CLO-7: Estimate demand and supply functions for various agricultural products using relevant
analytical tools.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√ √

√

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-2

√

√ √

√ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √

√

√ √ √
CLO-4

√

√ √

√ √ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-6

√

√ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-7

√

√ √ √

√ √ √

√

√ √ √


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: The concepts of markets and
marketing
√ √ √
Topic Two: Agricultural Marketing and
marketing functions
√ √ √
Topic Three: Market orientation and price
setting
√ √ √
Topic Four: Demand and supply in
Agricultural marketing
√ √ √
Topic Five: Marketing Channels, Costs
and Margins for Farm Product
√ √ √ √
Topic Six: Marketing efficiency and
performance
√ √ √

Contents and Thematic Plan

200. 200

Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester II
Course Name Agricultural marketing
Curse Code AgEc 422
Credit hours 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation Hours
Topics Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
work
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practice/
tutors
Sub-
total
Topic One: The concepts of markets
and marketing
1.1. Definition of markets and
marketing
1.2. Concepts of market and
marketing
1.3. Characterizing markets and
market classification
1.4. Marketing and marketing
system
1.5. Features of marketing
1.6. Market philosophies’
8 8 20 35 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Agricultural Marketing
and marketing functions
2.1 Agricultural marketing
2.1.1 Importance of agricultural and
food marketing
2.1.2 Link between agriculture and
food industry
2.1.3 Problems in Agricultural
Marketing
2.1.4 Problems of AM in Ethiopia
2.1.5 Marketing of Agricultural and
Manufactured Goods
2.2 Marketing functions
2.2.1 Marketing functions
2.2.2 Institutions involved in
marketing
2.2.3 Marketing communication
10 10 25 43 Lecture Assignment,
Mid exam

201. 201

2.3 Approaches of marketing
researches
2.3.1 Commodity approach
2.3.2 Institutional approach
Topic Three: Market orientation and
price setting
3.1 Market orientations
3.2 Driving forces of market
orientation
3.3 Pricing and pricing objectives
3.4 Pricing methods
8 8 20 35 Lecture,
Class
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Four: Demand and supply in
Agricultural marketing
4.1 Concepts of demand analysis
4.2 Elasticity of demand
4.3 Demand forecasting
4.4 Concepts of supply analysis
4.5 Market equilibrium
7 7 17.5 32 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Five: Marketing Channels,
Costs and Margins for Farm
Product
5.1 Marketing channels
5.2 Marketing margins
5.3 Marketing costs
8 8 20 32 Lecture Assignment,
Final exam
Topic Six: Marketing efficiency and
performance
6.1 Physical /allocative efficiency
6.2. Price efficiency
6.3. Structure, Conduct and
performance in agricultural
marketing
6.4. Market Integration and Product
differentiation
7 7 17.5 23 Lecture Final exam
Total 48 48 120 168
Assessment Methods
Continuous assessment (exercises, tests and quiz) 20%
Term paper Assignment 30%
Final examination 50%

References
Crawford I.M., 1997. Agricultural and Food Marketing Management, FAO of the United Nations,
Rome
Kohls, R.L. and Uhl, J.N. (1990) Marketing of Agricultural Products, 6th edition, New York,
Macmillan Publishing Company.

202. 202

Kohls, R. L. and Uhl, J. N. 2002. Marketing of Agricultural Products. Ninth Edition. Prentice Hall,
chapters 11.
Kohls, R.L., and Uhl, J.N. 1990. Marketing Of Agricultural Products, 7th edition, Macmillan
Publishing Company, pp. 196–197.
Kotler, P and G., Armstrong, 2004. Principles of Marketing, Prentice-Hall, Inc. 10th ed. New
Jersey, USA.
McCarthy E.J., and W.D. Perreault, 1993. Basic Marketing: A global managerial approach, 7th
Ed., Library of Congress, USA.
Smith, L.D. 1981. A Methodology For Measuring Marketing Costs And Margins For Foodstuffs
In Developing Countries.” In: Post Harvest Operations: Workshop Proceedings, FAO
Network And Centre For Agricultural Marketing Training In Eastern And Southern
Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe, pp. Agricultural Marketing and Pricing

8.5.11. Institutional and Behavioral Economics (AgEc 432)

Course Description
This course is designed to provide students with roles and importance of institutions (informal and
formal rules and norms of behavior) and transaction costs in the organization, structure and
development of economic activity. In particular, the course consists of the concepts and roles of
institutions; key theoretical constructs; demand for institutions and the role of transaction costs;
property rights; measurement of transaction costs; governance structures; institutional changes in
the process of development; and general framework of collective action. The behavioral aspect of
this course helps to introduce students the basic principles and methods of behavioral economics
applications. Accordingly, they can incorporate insights from other social sciences, such as
psychology and sociology, into economic models and attempts to explain anomalies that defy
standard economic analysis.

Course Objective
After completing this course, students are expected to develop a solid understanding of key
institutional concepts, including the distinction between formal and informal institutions, the

203. 203

nature of property rights, and the role of institutions in economic development. They will be able
to apply the tools and principles of institutional economics to analyze how institutions influence
individual and collective economic behavior. Students will also gain the ability to identify the
sources of transaction costs, measure those using appropriate methods, and evaluate governance
structures designed to manage these costs effectively. In addition, they will critically assess the
behavioral assumptions of neoclassical economics, recognize systematic deviations from
traditional models, and evaluate the flexibility and limitations of economic approaches in
explaining real-world behavior.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Distinguish between formal and informal institutions and explain the concept of
property rights;
CLO-2: Analyse the role of institutions in shaping economic development and societal
outcomes;
CLO-3: Apply institutional economics concepts and methods to evaluate social and economic
institutions;
CLO-4: Identify the sources of transaction costs and assess their implications in economic
exchanges;
CLO-5: Evaluate different governance structures and their effectiveness in minimizing
transaction costs;
CLO-6: Measure transaction costs using various analytical approaches;
CLO-7: Examine evidence of behavioural deviations from the neoclassical economic model
and understand the driving forces behind such behaviours;
CLO-8: Assess the flexibility and limitations of economic models in capturing real-world
behaviour, and describe key assumptions underlying neoclassical economic theory.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √

204. 204

CLO-2 √ √ √ √ √

√

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-4

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-6

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-7

√ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-8

√ √

√

√

√ √ √
Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
Topic One: Concepts and Roles
of Institutions
√ √ √
Topic Two: Key Theoretical and
Analytical Constructs
√ √ √ √
Topic Three: Demand for
Institution
√ √ √
Topic Four: Measurement of
Transaction Costs
√ √ √
Topic Five: Governance
Structure
√ √ √
Topic Six: Institutional Changes
In The Process of
Development
√ √ √ √
Topic Seven: Basics of
Behavioral Economics
√ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program/ Class Year Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester II
course Name Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Curse Code AgEc 432
Credit hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Total

205. 205

Topics
Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Indepen
dent
study
(Hrs)
Topic One: Concepts and
Roles of Institutions
1.1 Definition of institution
1.2 Informal and formal
rules and norms of
behavior
1.3 The function of
institution
1.4 The interdependence of
institutions
1.5 Institutions and
development
1.6 Institutions in economics
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
Exam
Topic Two: Key
Theoretical and
Analytical Constructs
2.1 Property rights
2.2 Transaction costs
2.3 Contracts
2.3.1. The definition of a
contract
2.3.2.Legal and economic
approaches to contract
2.3.3.Classification of
contracts: classical,
neoclassical, and
relational
2.4 Judicial decision making
2.5 Markets and firms
8 8 20 28 Lecture Term Paper,
Mid Exam
Topic Three: Demand for
Institutions
3.1 The role of transaction
costs
3.2 Interdependence
between transaction
costs and institutions
3 3 7.5 10.5 Lecture Quiz, Mid
Exam
Topic Four: Measurement
of Transaction Costs
4.1 The concept of
transaction
4.2 Transaction and
transformation costs
7 7 17.5 24.5 Lecture Term Paper,
Mid Exam

206. 206

4.3 Ordinal and cardinal
approaches
4.4 Two traditions of law
(common and
continental and property
rights) approaches
Topic Five: Governance
Structure
5.1 Market governance
5.2 Bilateral governance
5.3 Trilateral governance
5.4 Unified governance
5.5 Efficient governance:
vertical integration
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
n
Term Paper,
Final Exam
Topic Six: Institutional
Changes In The
Process of
Development
6.5 Types of institutional
changes
6.1.1 Path determinacy
6.1.2 Path dependence
6.1.3 Path independence
6.6 Interpretation of
economic development
as a process of
institutional evolution
6.7 Stability of institutions
and institutional change
6.8 The main sources of
institutional change
6.9 The concept of
institutional equilibrium
8 8 20 28 Lecture Final Exam
Topic Seven: Basics of
Behavioral Economics
7.1 What is behavioral
economics?
7.2 Themes and methods of
behavioral economics
7.3 Anticipation and
information avoidance
7.4 Making choices under
risk: prospect theory
7.5 Social preferences
10 10 25 35 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
n
Final Exam

207. 207

7.5.1 distributional social
preferences
7.5.2 intensions based social
preferences
7.5.3 the possibility of self-
deception
7.6 Behavioral game theory
7.7 Nudges, policy and
happiness
Total Course Load 48 48 120 168
Assessment
Continuous assessments….50%
Term Paper(s)….10
Quiz…………10
Mid Exam …..30
Final Exam……………….50%

References
Angner, E. A Course in Behavioral Economics, 2
nd
Edition, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016.
Bowles, S. Microeconomics: Behavior, Institutions, and Evolution. Princeton, 2004.
Bromely, Daniel w, Economic interests and institutions; The conceptual foundation of public
policy, New York and Oxford; Basil Blackwell,1989
Edward, C. Behavioral Economics, 3rd Edition, Routledge, 2018.
North, Douglass C, Institutions, institutional change and economic performance, Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, 1990.
Ostrom, E. Understanding institutional diversity. Published by Princeton University Press, 41
William Street, 2005.
Platteau, J.-P. Institutions, Social norms and economic development, Amsterdam; Harwood
Academic Publishers, 2000.
Sandler, Tood, Collective Action; Theory and Application, University of Michigan Press,1992
Schmid, A. Conflict and Cooperation: Insitutional & Behavioral Economics, Blackwell, 2004.
Tadelis, S. Game theory: An introduction, Princeton University Press, 2013.
Thaler, R. Misbehaving: The Making of Behavioral Economics, W. W. Norton & Company, 2016.
Wilkinson, N. and Klaes, M. An Introduction to Behavioral Economics, 3rd Edition, Palgrave
Macmillan, 2018.

208. 208

Williamson, O.E. Transaction cost economics. In handbook of Industrial Organization, edited by
R.D willig; Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. 1989.
World Bank, World development Report 2002; Building institutions for markets. Oxford; oxford
University Press, 2002.

8.5.12. Development Economics (AgEc 442)

Course Description
Development economics draws on several branches of economics in order to elucidate and
understand the development difficulties facing the economies of the world’s poor countries and
the economic mechanisms that must be taken into account in raising living standards. This course
provides an overview of theories and models of growth and development; and other issues such as
growth and income distribution; growth and structural change; structural features and
characteristics of the Third World; historic growth and lessons learned; growth, poverty and
income distribution. The theories on growth and development will be evaluated in terms of the
economic realities of the fewer developing countries (LDCs).

Course Objective
After completing this course, students will be able to explain key concepts and indicators of
economic development, including the defining characteristics of less developed countries. They
will analyze and critically evaluate major theories and models of economic growth and
development, particularly in relation to addressing the challenges of underdevelopment. Students
will also examine the relationship between development theory and practice, and contribute
meaningfully to the formulation and evaluation of development policies. Additionally, they will
be able to differentiate and assess the concepts of poverty, inequality, and income distribution, and
understand their implications for effective development planning.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the fundamental concepts and indicators of economic development.

209. 209

CLO-2: Compare and contrast major theories and models of economic growth and
development.
CLO-3: Assess the applicability and effectiveness of development theories in addressing
issues of underdevelopment.
CLO-4: Analyse the connection between development theories and real-world development
practices.
CLO-5: Describe the defining features and common challenges of less developed countries.
CLO-6: Engage in the formulation and evaluation of development policies.
CLO-7: Distinguish between the concepts of poverty, inequality, and income distribution and
evaluate their impact on development outcomes.
Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
Topic One: Introduction √ √
Topic Two: Economic Growth and
Development
√ √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Structural Features and
Common Characteristics of the
Third World
√ √ √
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √

√ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-7 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √

210. 210

Topic Four: Theories of Economic
Development
√ √ √ √
Topic Five: Economic Growth Models √ √ √
Topic Six: History, Expectations and
Development
√ √ √ √ √ √
Topic Seven: Growth, Poverty and
Income Distribution
√ √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class year Year 4 Semester II
Course Title Development Economics
Course Code AgEc 442
Credit hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites
Status of the course Compulsory
Lecture class/ Room No
Lecture days/ Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topic
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs)
Lecture
Practical/t
utorial
Sub-
total
Topic One: Introduction
1.1. Definition and Current
Interest in Development
Studies
1.2. Nature of Development
Economics
4 4 10 14 Lecture,
Class
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Economic Growth
and Development
2.1 Concepts of Economic
Growth and Development
2.2. Core Values of
Development
2.3. Meaning and Challenges
of Development
2.4. Measuring Development:
Key Indicators
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture,
Tutorial,
Group
Activity
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Three: Structural
Features and Common
4 1 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture,
Case
Study
Assignment,
Mid exam

211. 211

Characteristics of the
Third World
3.1. Some Classifications of
Developing Countries
3.2. The Structure of Third
World Economies
3.3. Common Characteristics
of the Third World
Topic Four: Theories of
Economic Development
4.1 The Classical Theory
4.2 The Marxian Theory
4.3 The Keynesian Theory
4.4 Lewis Theory of
Unlimited Supplies of
Labor
4.5 Balanced Vs Unbalanced
Growth Theory
4.6 Dualistic Theories
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture,
Group
Discussio
n
Mid exam
Topic Five: Economic Growth
Models
5.1 Rostow’s Stages of
Economic Growth
5.2 Harrod-Domar Model
5.3 The Solow Model
5.4 Stylized Facts and Steady
State Growth
7 2 9 22.5 31.5 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Six: History,
Expectations and
Development
1.1 Complementarities
1.2 Coordination failure,
Linkages and policy
1.3 History versus
Expectations
1.4 Increasing returns
1.5 Competition, Multiplicity
and International Trade
4 1 5 12.5 17.5 Lecture Assignment,
Final exam
Topic Seven: Growth,
Poverty and Income
Distribution
7.1 Inequality and World
poverty
7.2 Size and functional
distribution of income
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture,
Group
discussio
n
Final exam

212. 212

7.3 Measuring of inequality
and absolute poverty in
the Third world
7.4 Economic Characteristics
of Poverty Groups
7.5 Women and Poverty
Total hrs. 38 10 48 120 168
Assessment Methods
Assignments 20%
Mid-exam 30%
Final examination 50%
Total 100%

References
Todaro, M.P (1997), Economic Development
Jonnes, C.I (2002), Introduction to Economic Growth, 2
nd
edition
Arndt, H.W. (1981). "Economic Development: A Semantic History," Economic Development and
Cultural Change: The Chicago University Press
Debraj Ray (1998). Development Economics, Princeton University Press,
Dwight H. Perkins, Steven Radelet, Donald R. Snodgrass, Malcolm Gillis and Michael Roemer
(2001). Economics of Development, 5th edition, New York: W. W. Norton.
Gerald M. Meier (2005), Biography of a Subject: An Evolution of Development Economics,
Oxford University Press
Jeffrey D. Sachs (2005).The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time, Penguin Books
Meier, Gerald M. and James E. Rauch (2005). Leading Issues in Economic Development. 8th ed.
Oxford University Press.
Michael Todaro and Stephen C. Smith (2008). Economic Development, 10th Ed., Addison Wesley.
Smith, Charles; Rees, Gareth (1998). Economic Development, 2nd edition. Basingstoke


8.5.13. Economics of Climate Change (AgEc 462)

Content Description

213. 213

Climate Change in Agricultural Economics aims to provide students with a foundational
understanding of climate change science, as well as the opportunity to think critically about its
economic consequences and opportunities to apply that expertise in climate change response
activities and market studies. The course covers theoretical understanding of the evolving climate
system, as well as the causes of climate change and its biophysical implications. Implement and
evaluate economic analyses of climate change. This study focuses on cost-benefit analyses of
climate change mitigation, the role of adaptation, and alternative approaches to quantifying climate
change impacts, particularly in agriculture and agricultural business. The course encourages
critical thinking about economic analysis, including uncertainties about the underlying science and
how to value costs and benefits; and the role of norms and values, especially concerning the health
effects of climate change. The course also provides an introduction to the climate change policies
and carbon emission arguments. Putting climate change in the framework of economic analysis,
we can consider greenhouse gas emissions, which cause planetary warming and other changes in
weather patterns, as both a cause of environmental externalities and a case of the overuse of a
common property resource.

Course Objective
At the end of the course, students will be able to understand and explain the concepts, causes, and
effects of climate change, with a focus on its relationship to agriculture and other economic sectors.
They will evaluate the economic impacts of climate change on agriculture, using cost-benefit
analysis, and assess the effectiveness of various adaptation and mitigation strategies. Students will
also apply climate-smart agricultural practices and effective communication strategies to address
climate change and enhance resilience in agricultural systems. Finally, they will assess the link
between climate change, food security, and policy responses, proposing context-specific solutions
for addressing climate change challenges, particularly in developing countries.


Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Explain the core concepts and theories of climate change, demonstrating an
understanding of its fundamental principles.

214. 214

CLO-2: Analyse the causes of climate change and describe the interrelationships between
agriculture and climate change.
CLO-3: Assess the effects of climate change on key economic sectors, including agriculture,
industry, and services, and evaluate how these sectors contribute to climate change.
CLO-4: Evaluate various approaches to assessing the economic impacts of climate change,
focusing on agriculture, and propose strategies for adaptation and mitigation.
CLO-5: Apply climate science and response strategies, including climate-smart agriculture,
adaptation, and mitigation practices, and develop effective communication strategies
for addressing climate change.
CLO-6: Conduct cost-benefit analyses to assess the economic impacts of climate change on
agriculture and evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation and mitigation measures.
CLO-7: Investigate the relationship between climate change and food/nutrition security,
particularly in developing countries, and assess the implications for policy and
practice.
CLO-8: Evaluate the scientific and economic impacts of climate change on agriculture and
propose effective policy responses tailored to the specific context of their country.
Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √ √

√

√

√ √ √ √
CLO-2 √ √ √ √

√ √

√ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-3 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-4 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-5 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-6 √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-7 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-8 √ √ √ √ √

√ √ √ √

√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

215. 215

Topic One: Introduction to
climate change
√ √
Topic Two: Climate change
and Agriculture
√ √ √
Topic Three: Causes and
Consequences of
Climate Change
√ √ √
Topic Four: Impacts of
Climate Change
√ √ √
Topic Five : Responses to
Climate Change
√ √ √
Topic Six: Economics of
climate change in
agriculture
√ √ √
Topic Seven: Climate Change
Policies and Economic
development
√ √ √ √

Course Thematic Plan
Program Agribusiness and Value chain management
Class Year Year 4 Semester II
Course Name Economics of Climate Change
Curse Code AgEc 462
Credit Hour 2CrHr/3ECTS
Pre-requisites None
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours
Topics Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
work
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practice/
tutors
Sub-
total
Topic One: Introduction to
climate change
1.1. Concepts of climate change
1.2. Causes of climate change
1.3. Predictable and unpredictable
climate change
2 2 5 7 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Climate change and
Agriculture
2.1 Climate change vs crop
production
2 2 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam

216. 216

2.2 Climate change vs livestock
production
2.3 Climate change and agriculture
sector
2.4 Climate change and Industry
sector
2.5 Climate change and Service
sector
Topic Three: Causes and
Consequences of Climate
Change
3.1 Major causes of climate
change
3.2 Major consequences of climate
change
3.3 Trends in Global Carbon
Emissions
3.4 Trends and Projections for
Global Climate
4 4 10 14 Lecture Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Four: Impacts of Climate
Change
4.1 Environmental impacts of
climate change
4.2 Climate change and crop
production
4.3 Health impacts of climate
change
4.4 Livestock production and
climate change
4.5 Climate change and food
security
4 2 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussio
n
Term paper,
Mid exam
Topic Five : Responses to
Climate Change
5.1 Climate Change and Forest
Management
5.2 Climate Change and Water
Resources: Responses and
Adaptation
5.3 Principles and Practices of
Climate Vulnerability
Assessment
5.4 Uncertainties in Climate
Change
5.5 Climate Change and
Ecosystem Services
4 4 10 14 Lecture Presentation,
Final exam

217. 217

5.6 Effective Communications in
Climate Change

Topic Six: Economics of climate
change in agriculture
6.1 types of costs in the valuation
of climate change damages
6.2 assumptions and uncertainties
in the economic analyses of
climate change
6.3 Cost and benefit of adaptation
and mitigation
6.4 Economics health control of
climate
6.5 Economic valuation of climate
change effect on agriculture
6.6 challenges in valuation of costs
and benefits from mitigation
and adaptation activities
6 2 8 20 28 Lecture Final exam
Topic Seven: Climate Change
Policies and Economic
development
7.1 climate change and well-being
in developing countries
7.2 roles for adaptation and
mitigation efforts in growing
water crisis
7.3 climate-smart development
policies
7.4 one health approach in
livestock practice
7.5 carbon emission police and
argument
4 4 10 14 Lecture Final exam
Total 26 6 32 80 112

Assessment Methods
 Continuous assessment (Tests, exercises, quiz ) 40%
 Term/Seminar paper 30%
Final examination 50%

References

218. 218

Harris, J.M., Roach, B. and Environmental, J.M.H., 2017. The economics of global climate
change. Global Development And Environment Institute Tufts University.
Bates, B.C., Z.W. Kundzewicz, S. Wu and J.P. Palutikof.2008. Climate Change and Water. IPCC
Technical Paper VI. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva,Switzerland.
Dana Brown Haine. 2016. A Student Exploration of the Impacts of Climate Change on Human
Health in the United States. Teaching module
Charles Fant and Len Wrigh. 2010. Adapting to Climate Change: An Integrated Biophysical and
Economic Assessment. UN World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki,
Finland. Working Paper 101.
Collier, Paul, Gordon Conway and Tony Venables, 2008. Climate Change and Africa: Adaptation
and Mitigation.
Congressional Budget Office. 2003. The Economics of Climate Change: A
Munasinghe, 2010. Global Climate Change: Economic and Policy Issues. World Bank
Environment, World Bank, Washington, DC. Paper No. 12
Walthall, C.L. et al. 2012. Climate Change and Agriculture in the United States: Effects and
Adaptation. USDA Technical Bulletin 1935. Washington, DC. 186 pp.

8.5.14. Senior Research Project (AgEc 472)

Course Description
Students are expected to write and submit complete reports of their senior research project to their
research advisors assigned by the department. The course coordinator will orient the students. The
students will prepare a senior research report under close supervision of their research advisors.
The students are required to prepare a senior research report based on the proposal they have
presented earlier. Evaluation is based on research report write up and presentation.

Course Objective
At the end of this course, students will be able to develop the skills to critically analyze and write
scientifically, culminating in the ability to produce a comprehensive research report. Additionally,

219. 219

it seeks to enhance their scientific research communication skills, preparing them to effectively
communicate research outcomes in their future careers.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO-1: Develop the ability to critically analyse and write scientifically, demonstrating
effective communication in research.
CLO-2: Write a comprehensive research report that clearly presents research findings,
analysis, and conclusions.
CLO-3: Enhance their scientific research communication skills, equipping them to effectively
communicate research outcomes in their future careers.
Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-2

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √
CLO-3

√ √

√

√ √ √ √ √ √

Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-1 CLO-2 CLO-3
Topic One: Introduction √
Topic Two: Literature Review √
Topic Three: Research Methodology √ √
Topic Four: Result And Discussion √ √ √
Topic Five: Conclusion and Recommendation √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester II
Course Name Senior Research Project
Course Code AgEc 472
Credit hour 3CrHr/5ECTS

220. 220

Pre-requisites Senior Research Proposal
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
Tutor Name: e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load
Delivery

Assessment
Contact Hours Indepe
ndent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One: Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Scope and Limitations of the
Study
1.5 Significance of the \Study
2 6 8 20 28 Supervise
d
Individual
Work,
Consultati
ons
Report
Evaluation
Topic Two: Literature Review
2.1 Concept and Definition
2.2 Theoretical Review
2.3 Conceptual Framework
2.4 Empirical Review
2 6 8 20 28 Independ
ent
Reading,
Superviso
r
Feedback
Report
Evaluation
Topic Three: Research
Methodology
3.1 Area Description
3.2 Data collection Approaches
3.3 Sampling Techniques
3.4 Method of Data Analysis
2 6 8 20 28 Independ
ent
Design,
Advisor
Review
Report
Evaluation
Topic Four: Result And
Discussion
4.1 Demographic result and
discussion
4.2 Model results and discussion
2 6 8 20 28 Data
Analysis,
Peer
Review
Report
Evaluation
Topic Five: Conclusion and
Recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
2 6 8 20 28 Write-up
and
Feedback
Report
Evaluation
Topic Six: Reference 2 6 8 20 28 Formattin
g and
Referenci
ng
Presentation and
Final Report
Submission
Total Course Load 12 36 48 120 168
Assessment
Written Report……………….50%

221. 221

Presentation …………………. 50%

References

Reseach project Gustavii, B. (2003). How to write and illustrate a scientific paper. Cambridge
University, UK: The Cambridge Press.
Kothari, C.R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Age International
Publishers.
Kumar, R. (2011). Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners. SAGE
Publications.
Ndambiri, H. (2019). Research Methods in Agricultural and Resource Economics
Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi. (2014). Research Methodology for Agricultural Economics
Cooper, D.R. and C.W.Emory (1995). Business Research Methods, 5th ed., McGraw-Hill
Companies, USA.
Dawson, C. (2003). Practical Research Methods: A User-friendly Guide to Mastering Research
Techniques and Projects. UBSPD Private Limited, New Delhi
Dooley, D. (2003). Social Research Methods. 3
rd
ed, Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New
Delhi.
Ghosh, B.N. (1982). Scientific Method and Social Research, Sterling Publishers Pvt.Ltd, New
Delhi.
Sadhu, A.N. and Singh, A. (1996). Research Methodology in Social Sciences. Himalaya
Publishing House
Dechassa, Nigussie Alemayehu, et al. (2022). Research Methods: A Handbook for Agricultural
Researchers.

8.5.15. Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (FSPT 412)

Course Description
The course is designed to equip students with the basics of human nutrition and the various
nutrition sensitive agricultural practices. The course will enable them to design and implement
nutrition sensitive agricultural programs, promote and assist production and consumption of

222. 222

diversified foods, and contribute for the improvement of the nutritional status of mothers, children
and the public at large.

Course Objective
At the end of the course students will be able to explain the basics of human nutrition and its
relation with gender and demonstrate nutrition sensitive agricultural practices through multi-
sectoral approach.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs):
CLO 1: Explain the basic principles of human nutrition.
CLO 2: Describe the life cycle approach to nutrition and its implications for dietary needs.
CLO 3: Analyse cultural trends in food production and utilization, including taboos,
preferences, aversions, and cravings that contribute to malnutrition.
CLO 4: Demonstrate an understanding of diversified agricultural production and consumption
patterns.
CLO 5: Describe good agricultural practices (GAP) and good hygienic practices (GHP) in
relation to nutrition and food safety.
CLO 6: Explain appropriate postharvest handling techniques within the food value chain.
CLO 7: Assess the effects of postharvest handling, processing, and preservation on the nutrient
content of food.
CLO 8: Identify and evaluate the role of gender in food production and consumption.

Mapping of Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs
PLO
-
1

PLO
-
2

PLO
-
3

PLO
-
4

PLO
-
5

PLO
-
6

PLO
-
7

PLO
-
8

PLO
-
9

PLO
-
10

PLO
-
11

PLO
-
12

PLO
-
13

PLO
-
14

PLO
-
15

PLO
-
16

PLO
-
17

PLO
-
18

PLO
-
19

CLO-1 √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-2 √ √

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-3 √ √

√

√

√ √ √ √

223. 223


Mapping of Courses Topics with Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)
Topics CLO-
1
CLO-
2
CLO-
3
CLO-
4
CLO-
5
CLO-
6
CLO-
7
CLO-
8
Topic One Basics of human
nutrition
√ √ √
Topic Two: Diversification of
Agricultural Production and
Food Consumption
√ √ √ √ √ √
Topic Three: Safe Production and
Post-Harvest Handling of
Agricultural Products
√ √ √ √
Topic Four: Gender and Nutrition √ √ √
Topic Five: Social Behavioral
Change Communication
(SBCC) for Nutrition
√ √ √ √
Topic Six: Multi-sectoral
Collaboration for nutrition
√ √ √ √ √ √
Topic Seven: Planning, Monitoring
and Evaluation of Nutrition
Sensitive Agriculture(NSA)
Interventions
√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Content and Thematic Plan
Program Agricultural Economics
Class Year Year 4 Semester II
Course Name Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture
Course Code FSPT 412
Credit hour 3CrHr/5ECTS
Pre-requisites Crop Production and Management; Animal Production and Management
Lecture class/Room No
Lecture days /Hours
Instructor Name: e-mail:
CLO-4 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-5 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-6 √ √

√

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-7 √ √

√

√

√

√

√

√ √ √
CLO-8 √ √

√

√

√

√ √ √ √ √

224. 224

Tutor Name:

e-mail:
Consultation hours

Topics
Total Course Load Delivery Assessment
Contact Hours Indepen
dent
study
Total
(Hrs) Lecture Practical/
Tutorial
Sub-
Total
Topic One Basics of human nutrition
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Definition of basic terms (food, nutrient,
nutrition, meal, diet etc.)
1.3. Food groups and their sources
1.4. Nutrients and their functions
1.5. Food and nutrition security
1.6. Malnutrition (forms, consequences, and
causes)
1.6.1. Definition of basic concept of
malnutrition
1.6.2. Causes of malnutrition
1.6.3. Forms of malnutrition
1.6.4. Status of malnutrition in Ethiopia
1.6.5. Impact of malnutrition
1.7. Nutrition Intervention Strategies to
combat malnutrition
6





6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Two: Diversification of Agricultural
Production and Food Consumption
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Diversified food production to improve
nutrition
2.3. Method of food Diversification to
improve Household Nutritional Status
2.3.1. Home Garden Production
2.3.2. Production of Fruits and Vegetables
2.3.3. Production and Utilization of Animal-
Source Foods
2.3.4. Production and Consumption of
Underutilized Foods
2.3.5. Promoting Production and
Consumption of Legumes
2.4. Agriculture -nutrition impact pathways
2.4.1. Agricultural Production for Own
Consumption
2.4.2. Agricultural Production that Increase
household Income
10 10 25 35 Lecture,
Case
Study
Quiz,
Assignment,
Mid exam

225. 225

2.4.3. Agricultural production that
contributes for reduction of food prices
2.4.4. Agriculture program that promote
empowerment of women
2.5. Diversification of Household Food
Consumption
2.6. Nutrient enrichment /modification strategies
2.6.1. Food Fortification
2.6.2. Bio fortification
2.6.3. Agronomic bio-fortification
Topic Three: Safe Production and Post-
Harvest Handling of Agricultural
Products
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Safety of Agricultural Products
3.2.1. Definition of food safety and related terms
3.2.2. Food quality versus food safety
3.2.3. Food safety hazards
3.2.4. Safety and Quality Management Systems
3.2.5. Food safety and nutrition linkage
3.3. Postharvest Handling
3.3.1 Basic principles of post-harvest handling
3.3.2. Postharvest loss
3.3.3. Causes of postharvest losses
3.3.4. Impacts of postharvest loss on food and
nutrition security
3.3.5. Pre and post-harvest food safety
problems and associated health risks
8 8 20 28 Lecture,
Practical
Demonstr
ations
Assignment,
Mid exam
Topic Four: Gender and Nutrition
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Basic terminologies in gender
4.3. gender role in food production and
consumption
4.4. Gender equality and equity for nutrition
4.5. Empowering women in food production and
consumption
4.5.1. Women’s access and control over assets
4.5.2. Labor, time and energy saving technologies
for women
4.5.3. Involvement of Male in
6 6 15 21 Lecture,
Discussio
n
Quiz, Mid
exam
Topic Five: Social Behavioral Change
Communication (SBCC) for Nutrition
5.1. Introduction
5.2. The Culture of Food Consumption in
Ethiopia
5.2.1. Food Preferences and Nutrition
5.2.2. Food Taboos and Nutrition
5.2.3. Food sharing among family members
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz,
Assignment,
Final exam

226. 226

5.3. Nutrition Education, Counseling and
communication
5.4. Nutrition social Behavioral Change
Communication (NBCC)
5.5. Tools for nutritional behavioral change
communication
5.6. Nutrition Extension through SBCC/NBCC
Topic Six: Multi-sectoral Collaboration for
nutrition
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Multi-sectoral Nature of Nutrition
6.3. The Ethiopian National Nutrition Program
6.4. Roles and responsibilities of various
sectors
6.5. Role of agriculture and livestock sector in the
NNP II
6.6. Strengthening multi sectoral coordination
6 6 15 21 Lecture Quiz, Final
exam
Topic Seven: Planning, Monitoring and
Evaluation of Nutrition Sensitive
Agriculture(NSA) Interventions
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Basic principles of planning for NSA
interventions
7.2.1. Program principles
7.2.2. Policy principles
7.3. Monitoring and evaluation indicators for
NSA activities
6 6 15 21 Lecture Final exam
Total Course Load 48 48 120 168
Assessment
Quiz…………….10%
Test………………15%
Assignment……..25%
Final Exam …………………. 50%

Refferences
Whitney, E. & Rolfes, S. R. (2019). Understanding Nutrition. 16th Edition. Cengage Learning.
FAO (2013). The State of Food and Agriculture: Food Systems for Better Nutrition. Rome.
WHO/FAO (2003). Assuring Food Safety and Quality: Guidelines for Strengthening National
Food Control Systems.
FAO (2011). The State of Food and Agriculture: Women in Agriculture – Closing the Gender Gap
for Development.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (2016). National Nutrition Program II (NNP-II), 2016–
2020.