OBS & GYNAE REMIDIAL CLASS – 2023 ENGORGEMENT.pptx

Revision on OBs and Gynae

1. OBS & GYNAE REMIDIAL CLASS – 2023 BREAST ENGORGMENT - GROUP 1

2. CONTENT Definition Causes Onset Symptoms Prevention Treatment Non-Medical treatment Home remedy Medical treatment

3. definition   Breast engorgement occurs in the mammary glands due to expansion and pressure exerted by the synthesis and storage of breast milk . It is also a main factor in altering the ability of the infant to latch-on.

4. Engorgement changes the shape and curvature of the nipple region by making the breast inflexible, flat, hard, and swollen .

5. The nipples on an engorged breast are flat or inverted, Sometimes it may lead to striae on nipples, mainly a preceding symptom of septation mastitis.

6. CAUSES Breast engorgement is due to exaggerated normal venous and lymphatic engorgement of the breasts which precedes lactation. this in turn prevents escape of milk from the lacteal system.

7. The primiparous mother and the patient with inelastic breasts are likely to be involved.

8. Engorgement usually happens when the breasts switch from colostrum to mature milk (often referred to as when the milk "comes in")

9. However, engorgement can also happen later if lactating women miss several nursing's and not enough milk is expressed from the breasts.

10. It can be exacerbated by insufficient breastfeeding and/or blocked milk ducts. When engorged the breasts may swell, throb, and cause mild to extreme pain .

11. onset It usually manifests after the milk secretion starts ( 3rd or 4th day postpartum)

12. Engorgement may lead to mastitis (inflammation of the breast) and untreated engorgement puts pressure on the milk ducts, often causing a plugged duct.

13. The woman will often feel a lump in one part of the breast and the skin in that area may be red and/or warm.

14. If it continues unchecked, the plugged duct can become a breast infection, at which point she may have a fever or flu-like symptoms .

15. symptoms Considerable pain and feeling of tenderness or heaviness in both the breasts.

16. Generalized malaise or even transient rise of temperature. Painful breast feeding .

17. Breasts are swollen and oedematous , and the skin appearing shiny and diffusely red the woman may have a fever that usually subsides in 24 hours. The nipples may become stretched tight and flat which makes it difficult for the baby to attach and remove the milk .

18. prevention To avoid pre lacteal feeds. To initiate breastfeeding early and feeding at frequent intervals .

19. Exclusive breast feeding on demand. Feeding in correct position .

20. tREATMENT The treatment for breast engorgement can be divided into non-medical and medical methods.

21. Non-medical treatment The non-medical methods include hot/cold packs.

22. Warm compress may be applied to the breast or a warm shower before expressing, helps the milk to flow. The mother can use cold compresses after feeding or expressing, which helps to reduce the oedema .

23. The baby should be put to the breast regularly after manual expression of milk. To support the breasts with a binder or brassiere .

24. Regular breastfeeding can and should be continued. Manual expression of any remaining milk after each feed and keeping the interval short between feeds .

25. REGULAR BREAST FEEDING

26. FEEDING/ EXPRESSION OF MILK

27. Home remedy Cabbage leaf may be applied to relieve congestion.

28. Cabbage leaf application

29. Medical treatment Medical methods include administration of proteolytic enzymes such as serrapeptase , protease, and subcutaneous oxytocin .

30. To administer tablet bromocripine 2.5 mg daily for 2- 3 days in obstinate cases where the breasts remain tight in spite of suckling and expression. Analgesics may also be administered .

31. conclusion Breast engorgement is caused by increased milk production and blood flow which can lead to swollen and tender breasts that feel extremely full. The body needs time to adjust its milk production to the baby’s needs to reduce breast engorgement, feed the baby, or express milk regularly. The mother can seek help from the lactation consultant regarding what she can do to bring down the swelling. If high fever is developed or breast engorgement symptoms, don’t subside despite following the tips, visit the doctor as that may indicate an infection.

32. References Breast Engorgement: Causes, Complications & Treatment. (n.d.). Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/24306-breast-engorgement Breast Engorgement. (n.d.-h). https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/Pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw133953 Engorgement | WIC Breastfeeding Support. (n.d.). https://wicbreastfeeding.fns.usda.gov/engorgement#:~:text=Signs%20of%20Engorgement,for%20your%20baby%20to%20latch . Jaikumar , M. (2019, November 11). BREAST ENGORGEMENT. https://www.slideshare.net/maheswarijaikumar/breast-engorgement-192275770 Philadelphia, C. H. O. (n.d.). Breast Engorgement. Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. https://www.chop.edu/pages/breast-engorgement#:~:text=Breast%20engorgement%20is%20swelling%2C%20tightness,with%20throbbing%20and%20aching%20pain .

33. “When you hold a child to your breast to nurse, the curve of the little head echoes exactly the curve of the breast it suckles, as though this new person truly mirrors the flesh from which it sprang.” - Diana Gabaldon

34. Thank You