occlusion-5د منيه جامعه الدمنهوري .prosthodontic

Occlusion

1. UNIVERSITY OF MOSUL
COLLEGE OF DENTISTRY
2020-2021
Department of
Prosthodontics
Department of:
HERE
COMPLETE DENTURE
OCCLUSION
By: Dr. MoniaMN Kandil
5
Concepts of OCCLUSION

2. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
I-Concepts Of OcclusionIn
Centric Position.
a. Concepts of balanced occlusion.
II-Concepts Of Occlusion In
Eccentric Position:-
b. Concepts of non-balanced
occlusion.
1-Point centric.
2-Long centric.
3-Slide centric.
4-Power centric.

3. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
1-Point Centric
Anatomic teeth set in tight interdigitated
centric occlusion with an incisal overlap
for esthetics
I-Concepts of Occlusion in Centric Position:
Point Centric occlusion: Involves positioning of the
teeth with a compensating curves (Spee, Wilson &
Monson’s curves) running anteroposteriorly and
mediolaterally to simulate natural teeth.
The point centric concept is that
in which centric occlusion
coincide with centric relation
perfectly,such occlusion in
Complete Denture is neither
stable nor physiologic.
So
Function and stability of complete
dentures are well served by the
freedom in centric concept

4. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
Once CR is established, CO can be built to
coincide with it and provide a broad area
of tooth contactin this position called
“Freedom in Centric "
2-Freedom of Centric
(Long Centric)
It is a relatively flat area
created between centric
relation and centric occlusion.
This flat region, having a length of
0.5-1mm,gives the mandible
freedom to close in Centric or slightly
anterior to it without any
interference orwithout any
changes in vertical dimension.
I-Concepts of Occlusion in Centric Position:

5. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
When cuspless teeth are used
this freedom exists automatically.
In both situations (using
anatomic or non-anatomic teeth)
the anterior teethare arranged to
allow this freedom of movement
i.e. enough over-jet & over-bite.
the occlusal surface of the teeth could be
altered to allow freedom of tooth movement in
harmony with the rotation of condyle. (from
hinge position to habitual intercuspal position).
2-Freedom of Centric
(Long Centric)
I-Concepts of Occlusion in Centric Position:

6. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
I-Concepts of Occlusion in Centric Position:
Through caries, wear, loss of
teeth or poor dentistry, sliding
movement that the mandible makes
as it moves from retruded
contact position to intercuspal
position, but with a new
Habitual position i.e. (slide in
position), often it’s a combination of
forward and lateral movements, as
well as vertical components.
3-Slide in Centric
(Eccentric Slide)
Q:Doesthemandiblereally“slide”
intoMIfromtheRetruded
ContactPositionduringclosure
(notchewing)?
A:No,itclosesalonganarched
pathwhichleadsdirectlytoMI
position.
Q:Whatisthenameofthispath?
A:HabitualArcofClosure.
Q:Shouldtherebecentricon
Anteriors?
A:Anteriorteetharearrangedto
allowfreedomofmovement

7. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
I-Concepts of Occlusion in Centric Position:
Posselt’sFigure
To understand the Habitual Arc of
Closure, we must know about Posselt’s
Figure:
MO
ICP
MP = Maximal protrusion
ICP = Intercuspal position
RCP= Retruded Contact position
HA = Hinge axis
MO = Maximum opening
EE=edge to edge
Posselt’s Figure
MP
RCP
HA
Habitual Arc of
Closure
EE
Habitual Arc of Closure
Inthatcasetheintercuspalposition
isinapositionforwardtothecentric
position,andatalowervertical
dimension
MO

8. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R YI-Concepts of Occlusion in Centric Position:
4-Power centric
The patient close against force and determining the
position of the mandible in which the patient could bite
the hardest.This position does not necessarily correspond to any
of the three previously mentioned "centrics" since it is based on a
different premise.

9. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
I-Concepts Of OcclusionIn
Centric Position.
a. Concepts of balanced occlusion.
II-Concepts Of Occlusion In
Eccentric Position:-
b. Concepts of non-balanced
occlusion.
1.Spherical theory of occlusion.
2.Centralizing concept of occlusion.
3.Lingualizedocclusion concept (Gysi).
4. Linear occlusion concept.
5. Balance with non-anatomic teeth.
a. Zero Degree Teeth with Balancing
Ramp.
b. Tilting the second molars.
c. Zero Degree Teeth with a
Compensating Curve
d. Reverse curve of Wilson.
e. Max Pleasure’s modified occlusion.
6. Dynamic occlusion (functional
generated path).

10. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
A-ConceptsofBalancedOcclusion:
1-Spherical Concept of Occlusion:
Positioning artificial anatomic posterior
teeth to simulate natural occlusion. The
teeth, must be arranged with a
compensating curverunning
anteroposteriorly and mediolaterally.
Anatomic or semi anatomic teeth are
arranged in point centric occlusion.
Alignments of cusped posterior teeth
determined on the residual ridge that
act as a landmark for setting, This is
important factor in controlling the force
and its effect on stability of the base.
II-Concepts Of Occlusion In Eccentric Position:-

11. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
Teeth make contact in lateral excursion
on the working and balancing sides
A-ConceptsofBalancedOcclusion:
1-Spherical Concept of Occlusion:
Distribution of masticatory pressure
over the supporting tissues help in:
Advantages of arrangement teeth
with Spherical concept:
1.Increasedstabilityofthedentures
duringfunctionalandparafunctional
movementsofthemandible.
2.Reducedtraumatotheunderlying
tissues.
3.Increasedefficiencyofmastication.

12. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
A-ConceptsofBalancedOcclusion:
2-The Centralizing Occlusion Concept:
(Balanced occlusion by centralization of forces)
Theconceptofcentralizingtheworking
occlusalsurfacesrequiresbringingthe
occlusalsurfacestowardthecenterofthe
denturefoundationtotheiridealpositions
forfavorableleverage
Mostfavorableleverageisobtained
whentheocclusalworkingsurfacesare
placedtothelingualsidesoftheridge
crests.Thesecondmolarsarenotalways
placedinthearrangement;orareplaced
outofocclusion.
Workingocclusalunitsideallyconsist
ofthelingualhalvesofthetwomaxillary
bicuspidsandthefirstmolarandtheir
correspondingmandibularteeth.
Thisarealocatedinthearea
representeduppermesial-secondpremolar
totheuppermesiobuccalcusp-firstmolar.
Thiszoneisthemostimportantforthe
stabilityofthedentureandmastication

13. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R YA-ConceptsofBalancedOcclusion:
3-The Lingualized Occlusion:
Amethodtoachievebilateralbalanced
occlusionwithanattempttomaintainthe
estheticandfoodpenetrationadvantagesof
theanatomicformwhilemaintainingthe
mechanicalfreedomofthenon-anatomic
form Lingual bone resorption prevents placing
teeth within the neutral zone
So
Lingualized occlusion helps
centralization of force.

14. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y3-The Lingualized Occlusion:
Advantages of lingualized occlusion:
1. Estheticsis maintained.
2. Efficiencyis maintained.
3. Mechanical freedom of occlusionfrom the non-anatomic teeth form.
4. Mechanical stabilitydue to centralized forces.
5.Bilateral balanced occlusion is readily obtained for a region around centric
relation.
6. No lateral forcesdue to one contact point.
7.Lingualizedocclusion can be used with all morphologic ridge contours.
8. Buccalcusp tilt allows escape way for the bolusof food.

15. Themaxillarybuccalcuspsarenotincontact,leavingonlythe
maxillarylingualcuspsasthecentricholdingcusps,Verticalforces
arecentralizedonthemandibularteeth.thusdirectingtheforcestothe
lingualsideofthelowerridgecresttoencourageleverstabilityof
thedenture,andminimizesthepointsoftoothcontacts.
U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y3-The Lingualized Occlusion:

16. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y3-The Lingualized Occlusion:
InProtrusivemovementispossiblewhile
maintainingbalancedocclusionwithminimal
overbiteofanteriorteethandenoughoverjet.
Selectivegrindingofmandibulartoothforms
isneededtocreateaslightconcavityinthe
occlusalsurface,leftingashallowcuspform,some
timewith0degree.
Inlateralexcursivemovements
clearancebetweenthemaxillaryand
mandibularbuccalcuspstoincreaselever
stabilitytothelowerdenture.
In Bilateral eccentric equilibration:

17. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
Thedecisionastowhetherto
locatethelinearridgeofcontactsin
themaxillaryormandibulararch
dependsonthefactorsofdenture
stabilityandesthetics(weakerarch).
A-ConceptsofBalancedOcclusion:
4-Linear Occlusion Concept :
Theideaistominimizetheforce
penetratingfoodbysharplinearcontact
betweentheupperandlowerposterior
teeth.Alineofocclusalcontactinone
dentalarchoccludingwithaflatocclusal
tableintheotherdentalarch.

18. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
5-Balance with non-anatomic teeth:
A.Placing "balancing ramps" behind
the lower second molars.
B.Tilting the second molars to create
an inclined plane.
C.Arranging Zero Degree teeth with
compensating curves.
D.ReverceCurve of Wilson.
E.Max’s Pleasure Modified occlusion.
A-ConceptsofBalancedOcclusion:
Disadvantages of
Non-Anatomic Occlusion
•Aesthetics not desirable.
•Mastication not efficient.
•Encourages lateral movement 
bruxism.
•Christensen’s Phenomenon
developed.

19. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y5-Balance with non-anatomic teeth:
A-Zero Degree Teeth with
Balancing Ramp:
Setting up the teeth in a flat plane and
utilize a balancing ramp just distal to the
second molar.
artificial tooth.
an acrylic ramp.
non anatomic porcelain teeth.
Amalgamorgoldbalancing
ramp.
Types of balancing ramps:
Some:advocatedtheuseofsecond
molarrampwhichisadjustedto
provideprotrusiveandlateralbalance
(threepointbalancedocclusion).

20. 5-Balance with non-anatomic teeth:
Protrusive Balance Compensation in
Monoplane Denture occlusion:
Second Molar Slant
B-Tilting the second molars:
U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
C-Zero Degree Teeth with
Compensating Curves:
Zerodegreeteethcanbe
setonlateralandanteroposterior
curvesharmonious withthe
condylarinclinationtoattain
reasonablebalancecontactsin
lateralandprotrusivepositions.

21. 5-Balance with non-anatomic teeth:
U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
D-Reverse curve of Wilson:e-Max Pleasure’s modified
occlusion:
Areverse curve is used in the second premolar
area (C)for a lever balance, A flat scheme of
occlusion is set in the first molar (B), and a
spherical scheme set in the second molar area
(A)by raising the buccal incline to provide for
balancing contact in lateral position. The distal
of the second molar can also be elevated to
produce balancing for protrusive movement.
skull with a reverse curve of
Wilson.

22. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
A-ConceptsofBalancedOcclusion:
6-Functional Occlusion:
(Dynamic Occlusion)
Theultimateharmoniousbalanced
occlusalformbecausethepatient
generatesitbyhimselfresultinginan
occlusionthatisinharmonywithT.M.J
andneuromuscular system.This
occlusionwillallowfreedominlateral
excursionsandmaintainmaximum
bilateralcontactinfunction.
Functionally generated occlusion

23. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
I-Concepts Of OcclusionIn
Centric Position.
a. Concepts of balanced occlusion.
II-Concepts Of Occlusion In
Eccentric Position:-
b. Concepts of non-balanced
occlusion.
1-Monoplane Occlusion
(non anatomic occlusion).
2-NeutrocentricConcept
of Occlusion.
3-Organic Occlusion.
4-Group function Concept.

24. We forced to such concept because:
Thecharacterofthesupportingfoundationandmucosaresiliency
makesitalmostimpossibletoharmonizetootharrangementwithmand.
movementsintheeccentricrelations.
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion In Eccentric Position:
Tominimizethehorizontalforcesthatareunstabilizingandpotentially
destructivetothesupportingtissues.
WhenthejawsareinCentricRelationandthecontactoftheteeth
producesnodiscomforttothesupportingtissuesorthejoints.
U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R YII-Concepts Of Occlusion In Eccentric Position:-

25. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion :
Advantages of non-balanced
Occlusion:
1.Simple technique.
2.No lateral forces.
3.Freedom of occlusion.
4.Used with compromised
ridges.
5.Necessitates minimum
adjustments.
1.Pooresthetics.
2.Poormasticatoryefficiency.
3.Nobalancingcontacts.
4.Restrictedpenetrationand
incision.
5.Lateralchewing cycle,or
stimulate bruxsim para-
functionactivities.
Disadvantages of non-balanced
Occlusion:
II-Concepts Of Occlusion In Eccentric Position:-

26. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion :
1-Monoplane Occlusion:
(Non-Anatomic Occlusion)
Posterior horizontal overlap
of flat plane teeth
Non-anatomic teeth with flat occlusal
surfaces set to a flat occlusal plane

27. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion :
1-Monoplane Occlusion:
(Non-Anatomic Occlusion)
Theposteriorlimitofthe
lowerposteriorteethisthe
pointatwhichthemandibular
ridgebeginstocurveupward,
witheliminationofcontact
betweentheupperandlower
secondmolars.
The patients should avoid incising with
their anterior teeth

28. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion :
2-NeutrocentricConcept of
Occlusion:
Neurocentrictwo objectives
in denture construction.
A-Neutralization of inclines.
B-Centralization of occlusal forces acting
on the denture foundations.
1-Neutralization of inclines (elimination of
inclines):
a-Orientation of occlusal plane parallel to a rich.
b-compensating curve, and Incisal guidance are
flat.
c-No cusp angle.
2-Centralization of occlusal forces acting
on the denture foundation, to have:
a-Superior stability.
b-preservation of ridge bone.
c-Good function.

29. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion :
Position of Posterior teethin a central position.
Proportion of the teeth40% reduction in the width.
Plane of occlusionis parallel with the mean denture foundation area.
Form of teethdevoid of projecting cusps.
Number of teethreduction in number.
Five factors are involved, to achieve these 2 objectives:
2-NeutrocentricConcept of Occlusion:

30. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion :
3-Organic Occlusion:
Concept that
employs cusp
form posterior
teeth that are not
arranged in
protrusive or
lateral balance.
Organic concept of occlusion can not
be accepted, in constructing
complete dentures
Eg. For organic occlusionCanine
Guidance occlusion:
Not applied for denture construction
But can used with implantsupported
fixed prosthesis

31. U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
B-Concepts of Non-Balanced Occlusion :
4-The group function concept:
Inwhichtwoormoreoftheteeth
otherthanthecanines,incontacton
theworkingsideandnobalancing
contactsforeithertherightorleft
lateralfunctionalexcursions(natural
occlusion).
Notapplied for denture construction.

32. THE END
U N I V E R S I T Y O F M O S U L
C O L L E G E O F D E N T I S T R Y
2020-2021