OCP (Oral Contraceptive Pills)

Contraceptives

1. Oral Contraceptive Pills Made by: Faarhana…

2. The birth control pill (also called "the Pill") is a daily pill that contains hormones to change the way the body works and prevent pregnancy. In this case, the hormones in the Pill control the ovaries and the uterus. Oral contraceptives are medicines taken by mouth to help prevent pregnancy. They are also known as “birth control pills”.

3. TYPES THE COMBINED PILL THE PROGESTOGEN   ONLY PILL

4. Combination pills Combination pills contain synthetic (man-made) forms of the hormones estrogen and progestin There are several types of combination pills: Monophasic pills : These are used in one-month cycles and each active pill gives you the same dose of hormone. During the last week of the cycle, you take inactive pills and have your period . Multiphasic pills: These are used in one-month cycles and provide different levels of hormones during the cycle. During the last week of the cycle, you take inactive pills and have your period.

5. Extended-cycle pills : These are typically used in 13-week cycles. You take active pills for 12 weeks, and during the last week of the cycle, you take inactive pills and have your period . As a result, you have your period only three to four times per year. Examples of brand-name combination pills include : Desolon Lynes Marvelon Seasonale Seasonique Velivet Yasmin Yaz Bangladesh

6. Progestin-only pills Progestin-only pills contain progestin without estrogen . This type of pill is also called the minipill. Progestin-only pills may be a good choice for women who can’t take estrogen for health or other reasons. With these progestin-only pills, all pills in the cycle are active. There are no inactive pills, so you may or may not have a period while taking progestin-only pills . Examples of progestin-only pills include : Camila Errin Heather Jencycla Ortho Micronor

7.   Emergency Contraceptive Pill The emergency contraceptive pill is a safe and effective way to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex, contraceptive failure or a sexual assault. The emergency contraceptive pill is frequently referred to as “The Morning After Pill ” More effective if taken within 72 hours Emergency hormone contraceptive regimens are highly effective and decrease the risk of pregnancy by 75 percent

8. Types of ECP : Increased doses of Combined Oral Contraceptive (COC) Pills High doses of Progestogen -only Oral Contraceptive (POC) Pills Emcon I-pill Norpill Peuli WHO also recommends levonorgestrel — a pill for emergency contraceptive use. Examples of brand-name of emergency pills include: Bangladesh

9. There are many valid reasons why emergency contraception may be needed. Some of these reasons include : When a contraceptive method was desired but not used If there is a contraceptive failure, for example, condom, diaphragm, or cervical cap breakage or slippage If birth control pills, patches, rings or injections are started late or dislodged If there is failed withdrawal If there is expulsion of an IUD or implant Sexual assault If you should miss your period by more than one week, you should have a pregnancy test.

10. How they work?

11. How they work ? • By blocking ovulation (release of an egg from the ovaries ) • By altering mucus in the cervix, which makes it hard for sperm to travel further • By changing the endometrium (lining of the uterus) so that it cannot support a fertilized egg • By altering the fallopian tubes (the tubes through which eggs move from the ovaries to the uterus) so that they cannot effectively move eggs toward the uterus

12. To regulate menstrual cycle. Endometriosis ( abnormal tissue growing outsides the uterine lining ) Polycystic ovary syndrome Use of OCP : Main purpose Prevent pregnancy Other Uses:

13. Side Effects : Headache Weight gain Decreased sex drive Bleeding between periods Nausea Breast tenderness Headaches Depression, anxiety, other mood changes

14. Because of long term use some risk can occus : Deep vein thrombosis Heart attack Stroke Pulmonary embolism Cardiac problem Cervical cancer Change lipid profile Jaundice Amenorrhoea (irregular/stop menstruation) Risks