1 Operational Technology (OT) The Backbone of Industrial Control Systems Operational Technology (OT) refers to the hardware and software systems used to detect or cause changes in physical processes, such as controlling machinery, monitoring infrastructure, or managing industrial environments. Key Industries: Manufacturing, Energy, Utilities, Transportation, and Oil & Gas. Examples of OT Systems: Industrial Control Systems (ICS), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA), Distributed Control Systems (DCS). Importance: Ensures the safe and efficient operation of critical infrastructure. Integral in automating and optimizing processes. Photo by Pexels