Oraciones de relativo en inglés

Oraciones de relativo (subordinadas adjetivas) en inglés. Tipos de oraciones (explicativas y especificativas). Pronombres y adverbios relativos. Ejercicios

1. Oraciones de relativo Vicent Pérez Zaragoza

2. Definición Son oraciones subordinadas adjetivas . Características . Añaden información sobre un objeto , persona, lugar , etc. Ese nombre es el antecedente de la oración de relativo . Están introducidas por un pronombre o adverbio relativo , que hace de nexo entre la oración principal y la subordinada adjetiva . La subordinada adjetiva ( relative clause ) siempre sigue al antecedente

3. Tipos de oraciones de relativo Hay dos tipos de oraciones de relativo : Especificativas : Defining La información que aportan es necesaria para definir el antecedente . The man who / that is going to marry Mary is called Bruce Explicativas : Non-defining En ellas la información aportada por la oración de relativo no es necesaria , es una explicación adicional del antecedente (que ya está perfectamente definido por sí mismo ). Al igual que sucede en castellano , este tipo de oraciones va entre comas . Bruce, who is going to marry Mary , is a car salesman

4. Pronombres y adverbios relativos

5. Pronombres y adverbios relativos

6. Pronombres y adverbios relativos

7. Oraciones de Relativo ESpecificativas ( Defining ) Aportan información tan esencial sobre su antecedente que sin ellas la frase quedaría incompleta: The man who came into the classroom is the new English teacher Aunque se considera más informal, en este tipo de oraciones frecuentemente se usa that ... ...en lugar de which para hablar de cosas The cat which / that was following us is there ...en lugar de who para hablar de personas She is the girl who / that I was telling you about ...en lugar de when para hablar de tiempo I’ll never forget the day when / that I saw you for the first time

8. Oraciones de Relativo ESpecificativas ( Defining ) Who , which y that pueden funcionar... Como sujeto de la oración de relativo : Mary is the girl who works in the office ( The girl works in the office) Como complemento de la oración de relativo : Mary is the girl who we met yesterday ( We met the girl yesterday ) Cuando el pronombre relativo funciona como complemento de la oración de relativo , se suele omitir . Aunque whose nunca se omite y where sólo en algunas ocasiones . Mary is the girl ( who ) we met yesterday Si en una oración de relativo cualquier preposición precede al pronombre relativo , ésta suele colocarse al final de la oración de relativo , al mismo tiempo que suele omitirse el relativo : The girl with who / whom I go out is American The girl ( who / whom ) I go out with is American

9. Oraciones de Relativo Explicativas ( non-Defining ) Añaden información adicional sobre el antecedente Van siempre entre comas . Mary, who lives in Benidorm, is from Argentina Pronombres relativos que se utilizan : Who Which When Where Whose El pronombre relativo NO se puede omitir NUNCA , aunque funcione como complemento de la oración .  Mary, who lives in Benidorm, is from Argentina  En ellas no se puede usar that en sustitución de who , which o when . My first car, which / that I bought in 1983, was a Renault

10. She showed me a photograph of her son. Her son is a policeman. She showed me a photograph of her son, who is a policeman . We decided not to swim in the sea. The sea looked rather dirty. We decided not to swim in the sea, which looked rather dirty. We spent a pleasant day by the lake. We had a picnic by the lake. We spent a pleasant day by the lake, where we had a picnic. The new stadium will be opened next month. The stadium holds 90.000 people. The new stadium, which holds 90.000 people, will be opened next month. I recently went back to the town. I was born there. I recently went back to the town where I was born. Turn these sentences into one using a relative pronoun:

11. Turn these sentences into one using a relative pronoun: The bed was soft. I slept in it. The bed I slept in was soft . I didn't get the job. I applied for it. I didn't get the job I applied for. The man has been married twice before. I met him yesterday. The man (who/that) I met yesterday has been married twice before. The museum was shut when we got there. We wanted to visit it. The museum (which/that) we wanted to visit was shut when we got there. The man has now been released. The police arrested him. The man (who/that) the police arrested has now been released.

12. Turn these sentences into one using a relative pronoun: John is one of my closest friends. I have known John for eight years. John, who I have known John for eight years, is one of my closest friends. That man over there is an artist. I don't remember his name. That man over there, whose name I don't remember, is an artist. The storm caused a lot of damage. Nobody had been expecting the storm. The storm, which nobody had been expecting, caused a lot of damage. The postman was late this morning. The postman is nearly always on time. The postman, who is nearly always on time, was late this morning. We often go to visit our friends in Bristol. Bristol is only 30 miles away. We often go to visit our friends in Bristol which is only 30 miles away.

13. Turn these sentences into one using a relative pronoun: Mr Edwards has gone into hospital for some tests. His health hasn't been good recently. Mr Edwards, whose health hasn't been good recently, has gone into hospital for some tests. Jack looks much nicer without his beard. His beard made him look much older. Jack looks much nicer without his beard, which made him look much older. I went to see the doctor. The doctor told me to rest for a few days. I went to see the doctor, who told me to rest for a few days. A waiter served us. He was very impolite. The waiter who served us was very impolite. The population of London is now falling. London was once the largest city in the world. The population of London, which was once the largest city in the world, is now falling.

14. Turn these sentences into one using a relative pronoun: I am looking after some children. They are terribly spoilt. I am looking after some children, who are terribly spoilt . Romeo and Juliet were two lovers. Their parents hated each other. Romeo and Juliet were two lovers whose parents hated each other. There wasn't any directory in the telephone box. I was phoning from this box. There wasn't any directory in the telephone box where I was phoning from. This is Mrs Jones. Her son won the championship last year. This is Mrs Jones, whose son won the championship last year. The man was sitting at the desk. I had come specially to see him. The man (who) I had come specially to see was sitting at the desk.

15. Turn these sentences into one using a relative pronoun: His girlfriend turned out to be an enemy spy. He trusted her absolutely. His girlfriend, whom he trusted absolutely, turned out to be an enemy spy. The firm is sending me to New York. I work for this firm. The firm (which) I work for is sending me to New York. I was given my address by a man. I met this man on a train. I was given my address by the man (who) I met on a train. A man answered the phone. He said Tom was out. The man who answered the phone said Tom was out. The bar was so noisy that I couldn't hear the person at the other end of the line. I was telephoning from this bar. The bar (which) I was telephoning from was so noisy that I couldn't hear the person at the other end of the line.