org and mngt module1.docx

grade 12 Organization and management

1. Organization and Management is designed to
familiarize the students with the basic
concepts, principles and processes related to
business organization and functional areas of
management. Particular emphasis will be
given to the study of management functions
like planning, organizing, leading and
controlling, and orient the students on the
importance of these functions and the role of
each area in entrepreneurship.

2. This module will assist you in
understanding the following
lessons

 Definition and functions of
management

 Theories of Management

3. After going through this module, you are
expected to be able to:

1. discuss the meaning and functions of
management,

2. cite various types of management theories;
and

3. apply management theories in solving
business cases.

4. Activity: Management in your daily life

Instruction: Identify the type of management that you
encounter in your daily life operation and future goals. Write
the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet
of paper.
a. Time management

b. Financial management

c. Household management

d. Budgetary management

e. Career management

5. 1. It refers to the various task and chores
associated with the organization of your daily
activity and day to day home operations

2. It refers to the general management
principle on how you spent your money wisely.

3. It is the ability to use one's time effectively or
productively, especially during study time,
work and play.

6. 4. It is the process of tracking the amount of
money that your parents gave you as your
"baon" versus the expenses that you spent in
school and other related activities.

5. It is conscious planning of one's activity and
engagements in the job that you are going to
pursue. It is a sequential process that starts
from understanding oneself and encompasses
occupational awareness.

7. Management comes from Italian word,
"Maneggiare". Maneggiare means to handle
and is derived from two latin words "manus"
(hand) and "agere" (to act). According to
Harold Koontz from the definition of his book
"The Management Theory Jungle",
Management is the art of getting things done
through and with people in formally organized
group. According to F.W. Taylor, Management
is an art of knowing what to do, when to do and
see that it is done in the best and cheapest way.

8. Also, management can be defined in the
following categories:

1. Management as a process

2. Management as an activity

3. Management as a discipline

4. Management as a group

9. 5. Management as a science

6. Management as an art

7. Management as a profession

10. Concept of Management

A. Traditional Concept

Management is the art of getting things done
through others. (Mary Parker Follet)

Management consist of getting things done
through others. A manager is one who
accomplishes organizational objectives by
directing the efforts of others. (C.S. George)

11. B. Modern Concept

Management is the co -ordination of all
resources through the process of Planning,
Organizing, Directing and Controlling in order
to attain stated objectives. (FW. Taylor)

Management is establishing an effective
environment for people operating in formal
organizational group. (koontz and op'donnel)

12. Basic Functions of Management

1. Planning

Involves selecting a course of action and
specifying how the action will be implemented
to attain the organization's objectives.

It is the process of evaluating the goals of the
company and then setting a course for success.

13. 2. Organizing

Is designing a formal structure of tasks
and authority in which personnel and
material sources are arranged to carry
plans and objectives. It brings resources
together to achieve the goals established
in the planning function.

14. 3. Staffing

It is the function of manning the
organization structure and
keeping it manned.

The main purpose of staffing is to
put the right man on the right job.

15. 4. Leading

Requires the ability to motivate and
effectively direct people. It is the part of
efficiently for achievement of
organizational purposes.

Managerial function which actuates the
organizational methods to work

16. 5. Controlling

Evaluating performance to see whether
objectives are being met and the application of
corrective actions. This refers to all the
processes that leaders create to monitor
success.

The purpose of controlling is to ensure that
everything occurs in conformities within the
standards.

17. Activity: Let's check your understanding of Management
Direction: On a sheet of paper, answer the guide questions
on the box.

1. What is management?

2. What are the basic functions of a management?

3. How would you differentiate each function from the rest?

4. As a student, how would you apply these function in real
life situation?

18. Management Theory

First, let's break down the term. Theories help us
understand our experiences by using research and
observable facts.
Management is the act of supervising and directing people,
tasks, and things. So, we simply define management theory
as a collection of understandings and findings that help
managers’ best support their teams and goals. It helps the
organizations to focus, communicate and evolve.
By understanding management theory, basic assumptions
about management styles and goals can be assume and can
save time during daily interactions and meetings within an
organization.

19. Importance of Management Theories

1. Management theories help organizations to
focus, communicate and evolve.
2. Using management theory in the workplace
allows leadership to focus on their main goals.
3. Management theory allow us to better
communicate with people we work with which
in turn allow us to work more efficiently.

20. Types of Management Theory

1. Theory of Scientific Management - Frederick
Taylor (1890-1940)
Taylor's theory of Scientific Management
aimed at improving economic efficiency
especially labor productivity. He felt that
workers should get a fair day pay for a fair
day's work, and that pay should be linked to
the amount produced. Scientific management
focuses on worker and machine relationships.

21. Taylor’s management principles (Robbins and
Coulter 2009) are as follows:
1. Develop a science for each element of an
individual’s work to replace the old rule of the
thumb.
2. Scientifically select and then train, teach and
develop the worker.
3. Heartily cooperate with the workers so as tto
ensure that all work is done in accordance with
the principles of the science that has been
developed;
4. Divide work and responsibility almost equally
between management and workers.

22. 2. Administrative Management Theory -Henri
Fayol (1841-1925)
Henry Fayol was known as the Father of
Management. He laid down 14 principles of
management. The administrative view
proposed by Henry Fayol and Max Weber
highlighted the importance of operational
efficiency on the whole organization to develop
a general theory explaining the good
management of the elements required which
include infrastructure.

23. Fayol’s 14 Principles of Management are the following:
1. Division of work
2. Authority and responsibility
3. Discipline
4. Unity of command
5. Unity of direction
6. Subordination of individual interest
7. Remuneration
8. The degree of centralization
9. Scalar chain
10. Order
11. Equity
12. Stability of tenure of personnel
13. Initiative
14. Esprit de Corps

24. Key Roles:
Fayol also divided the management
functions into five key roles.
1. To organize
2. To plan and forecast
(prevoyance)
3. To command
4. To control
5. To coordinate

25. 3. Bureaucratic Theory of Management - Max Weber
(1864-1920)
Weber made a distinction between authority and power.
He believed that power reduces obedience through force
or the threat of force which induces individuals to
adhere to regulations. Based on the bureaucratic
management of Weber, authority is the power to hold,
and people is accountable for their actions. Positions in
the firm should be held based on performance and not in
social contacts. Lines of authority should be clearly
identified. Workers know who to reports. A bureaucracy
should have hierarchy of authority, system of task
relationships, written rules, fair evaluation and reward.

26. 4. Behavioral Theory of Management-
Elton Mayo
The behavioral management theory is
often called the human relations
movement because it addresses the
human dimension of work. Behavioral
theorists believed that a better
understanding of human behavior at
work, such as motivation, conflict,
expectations, and group dynamics,
improved productivity.

27. Activity: Application of business management
theories

28. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer and
write it on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is the art of getting things done through
and with people in a formally organized group.

a. Organization

b. Management

c. Association

d. Corporation

29. 2. It is a type of management theory
that focuses on worker and
machine relationships.

a. Scientific Management

b. Bureaucratic Management

c. Administrative Management

d. Behavioral Management

30. 3. It requires the ability to motivate and
effectively direct people. It is the part of
managerial function which actuates the
organizational methods to work efficiently for
achievement of organizational purposes.

a. Leading

b. Staffing

c. Planning

d. Controlling

31. 4. It is a type of management theory which
is often called the human relations
movement because it addresses the
human dimension of work.

a. Scientific Management

b. Bureaucratic Management

c. Administrative Management

d. Behavioral Management

32. 5. It is a theory that allow us to
better communicate with people
we work with which in turn allow
us to work efficiently.

a. Management Theory

b. Theory of Evolution

c. Organization Theory

d. Scientific Theory

33. 6. It is the act of supervising and
directing people, tasks, and things.

a. Directing

c. Organizing

b. Managing

d. Planning

34. 7. It is a type of management concept wherein
management is the co- ordination of all
resources through the process of Planning,
Organizing, Directing and Controlling in order
to attain stated objectives.

a. Traditional Concept

b. Strategic Concept

c. Modern Concept

d. Basic Concept

35. 8. It is a type of management
concept wherein things are done
through others.

a. Traditional Concept

b. Strategic Concept

c. Basic Concept

d. Modern Concept

36. 9. It is defined as a collection of
understandings and findings that help
managers best support their teams and
goals. It helps the organizations to focus,
communicate and evolve.

a. Scientific Management

b. Bureaucratic Management

c. Administrative Management

d. Behavioral Management

37. 10. He is known as the Father of
Management.

a. Frederick Taylor

b. Henry Fayol

c. Max Weber

d. Elton Mayo

38. 11. He felt that workers should get a fair
day pay for a fair day's work, and that pay
should be linked to the amount produced.

a. Frederic Taylor

b. Henry Fayol

c. Max Weber

d. Elton Mayo

39. 12. He believed that power reduces
obedience through force or the threat of
force which induces individuals to adhere
to regulations.

a. Frederic Taylor

b. Henry Fayol

c. Max Weber

d. Elton Mayo

40. 13. He believed that a better
understanding of human behavior at
work, such as motivation, conflict,
expectations, and group dynamics,
improved productivity.

a. Frederic Taylor

b. Henry Fayol

c. Max Weber

d. Elton Mayo

41. 14. He believed that a bureaucracy should
have hierarchy of authority, system of task
relationships, written rules, fair
evaluation and reward.

a. Frederic Taylor

b. Henry Fayol

c. Max Weber

d. Elton Mayo

42. 15. He proposed the administrative
theory and laid down 14 principles
of management.

a. Frederic Taylor

b. Henry Fayol

c. Max Weber

d. Elton Mayo

43. Instruction: Below is a situation of corrugated
box manufacturing firm. Read the situation
below in order for you to solve the problem of
Company X by applying the different
management theories. Write your answers on
a separate sheet of paper.

44. Situation: A 25-year-old company X is producing
corrugated boxes intended for dry goods. One of its
clients ordered a monthly production of 100,000
pieces of box to be used for water bottle packaging.
Unfortunately, Company X did not meet the client's
expectations due to low performance of machinery.
Internally, Company X has a problem with its
employee due to less benefits and low salary. Also,
Company X is facing poor quality production from
other clients. If you are the manager of Company X how
do you apply the different management theory in
order to maintain better customer relation and
satisfaction, and increase production of good quality?

45. 1. Theory of Scientific
Management
2. Administrative and
management theory
3. Bureaucratic Theory of
Management
4. Behavioral Theory of
Management

47. Management involves the coordination of human and material
resources toward the attainment of organizations' goals and
objectives (Kast, 1974).

Management is the process of reaching organizational goals by
working with and through people and other organizational
resources.

Manager- the people who are responsible for integrating,
coordinating and directing activities of others- then, they have to
bring together the organization staff, money, materials, time and
space into an integrated and effective system to achieve the
organizational objective.