organizational behaviour power

it is very helpful to MBA students for study organizational behavior topic power

1. POWER

2. •Powerisoneofthemeanstoinfluenceothersfor
gettingresults.Influenceprocessoccursina
particularwaywhenitisattemptedbytheuseof
power.
•Powerisusednotonlyingettingcertainresult
achievedbutalsoincludesnegativedecisionsor
theactionofnondecisions.
•Powerisnottheactofchangingtheotherpersons
attitudesorbehaviour,itisonlythepotentialtodo
so.

3. •Power is one of the essential components of
practically every organization.
•Power refers to a capacity that has to influence
the behaviour of B so B acts in according with ‘A’
s wishes.

4. POWER RELATION SHIPS

5. •Powervariableisarelationalone.
•Thepossibleresponsestotheuserofpowermay
varyalongthecontinuum.
ResistanceObedienceComplianceConformityCommitment

6. •Resistance:
Thelargestpersononwhomthepoweris
exercisedmayresisttheinfluenceandmaynot
behaveinaccordancetoinfluencerswishes.
Theattemptofinfluencemaybethreatedbythe
person
Obedience
Thepersonmaysuccumbtoinfluencethoughhe
wouldrathernot.
whenpeopleareforcedtobehaveagainsttheir
wishesitisreferredtoasobedience.

7. •Compliance:
thepersonmaycomplywiththedesireofthe
influencer.
compliancereferstoapersonsacceptanceofinfluence
becauseheisexpectedtobearewardedforresponding
toarequestorpunishedfornotrespondingtoit.
Conformity
Thepersonmayconformtotheinfluencer’sdesire
Conformityreferstoacceptanceofinfluencebecause
peopledesiretobeinmainstream

8. •Commitment
The person may shows commitment to the
desire of the influencer.
This is the most desirable outcome when the use
of power as there is enthusiastic release of energy
and talent to satisfy the influences request

9. CHARACTERISTICS OF
POWER

10. Characteristics of power
Thereisnorelationshipbetweenthepowerexercised
byanindividualandthepositionortheroleheholds
sometimeshigherlevelpeoplemayhavenopowerand
sometimeslowerlevelpeoplemayexertmorepower.
Thosewhoareinpowerwouldliketogetmorethey
resistanyattemptwhichtriestoweakentheholdof
power.
Anindividualcannothavepoweratalltimesattimes
hemayhavetogiveupthispowerifthereisafailurein
performance.

11. Charapowercont………
peoplewhoareabletowithstandandcope
withuncertainlyinorganizationshavemore
power.
peoplewhousepowerdonotwantothersto
knowofitunlessitislegitimatepower.

12. Two faces of power
There are two types of power
1.Negative power
The negative face of power is usually expressed in terms of
dominance submission transactions.
It mean “if I win you lose”
Having power implies having power over some one else who
does not have it.

13. 2) Positive power
Thepositivefaceofpowerisshownbyaconcern
forgroupgoalsbyhelpingtoformulateandachieve
them.
Itinvolvesexertinginfluenceonbehalfofrather
thanoverothers.
Leaderswhoexercisethispowerpositively
encouragetheirsubordinatetodeveloptheircompetence
tosucceed.

14. TYPES OF POWER

15. Types of power…
1)Formal power.
2) Personal power.
1)FORMAL POWER
formal power is based on an individuals position in
an organization.
it can come from the ability to coerce or reward or
from formal authority.

16. •There are 3 types of formal power.
a) Coercive power.
Thecoercivepowerbasedependsonfearofthe
negativeresults.
Itrestsontheapplicationorthethreatof
applicationofphysicalfunctionsuchastheinflictionof
pain,frustrationthroughrestrictionofmovement.
b)Rewardpower.
Theoppositeofthecoercivepowerisrewardpower
Itproducespositivebenefits.

17. Conti……
Some one who can distribute rewards others view as
valuable will have power over them.
These rewards can be either financial such as
controlling pay rates, raises and bonuses.
c) Legitimatepower.
Itrepresenttheformalauthoritytocontroland
organizationalresourcesbasedonstructuralposition
intheorganization.
Itincludesmembersacceptanceoftheauthorityofa
position.

18. •2)PERSONALPOWER
Itcomesfromanindividual’suniquecharacteristics
Therearetwobasisofpersonalpowerexpertiseand
respectandadmirationofothers.
Therearetwotypesofpersonalpower.
a)Expertpower.
Itinfluenceasresultofexpertisespecialskillsor
knowledge.
Thispowerisbasedonthefamousproverb‘knowledge
ispower’.
Computerspecialisttaxaccountants,economist,and
otherspecialistpowerasaresultoftheirexpertise.

19. •b) Referent Power.
It based on identification with a person who has
desirable resources or personal trails.
This power develops out of admiration of another
and a desire to be like that person.

20. POWER TACTICS

21. Power tactics….
1)Legitimacies
Relaying on your authority position or saying a
request accords with organizational policies or rules.
2)Rational persuasion
presenting logical arguments and factual evidence
to demonstrate a request is reasonable.
3)Inspirational appeals
Developing emotional commitment by appealing
to a targets values needs hopes and aspirations.

22. •Power tactics cont…..
4)Consultation
increasing the targets support by involving him or
her in deciding how you will accomplish your plan.
5)Exchange
Rewarding the target with benefits or favours in
exchange for following a request.
6)Personal appeals
Asking for compliance or loyalty.
7)Pressure
Using warnings, repeated demands and threats.

23. •Power tactics cont…..
8) Ingratiation
Usingflattery,praiseorfriendlybehaviourpriorto
makingarequest.
9) Coalitions
Enlistingtheaidorsupportofotherstopersuade
thetargettopersuadethetargettoagree.