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1. OSPF Routing Practical 2 08.07.2022 SDN

2. Routing Static Routing Static routing is simply the process of manually entering routes into a device's routing table via a configuration file that is loaded when the routing device starts up Can be implemented using ip route command Dynamic Routing Routing table is updated automatically Dynamic routing protocols are supported by software applications running on the routing device (the router) which dynamically learn network destinations and how to get to them and also advertise those destinations to other routers. Can be implemnted using following routing protocols . RIP IGRP EIGRP OSPF BGP SDN

3. Routing and Routing Protocols A) Static routing ip route command to manually Configuration Of a static route. administrative distance is an optional parameter that indicates the reliability of a route. Route can be Configuration Of by outgoing interface or next hop ip address. default route is given by ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 [next-hop-address | outgoing interface ] router(config)# ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.4.1 130 SDN

4. Routing and Routing Protocols SDN

5. 2) Dynamic Routing Two types of dynamic routing: Distance vector Link-state routing protocols: Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routed protocols : Internet Protocol (IP) Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) Autonomous systems - 16-bit identification number Routing protocols, e.g. Cisco IGRP, require assignment of a unique AS SDN

6. 6) RIP SDN

7. Router 0 Router>enable Router# Router#configure terminal. Router(config)#int serial 2/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)#exit SDN

8. Router 1 Router>enable Router# Router#configure terminal Router(config)#int s2/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut SDN

9. Routing After Configuration On Router 0 Router(config)#router rip Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 Router(config-router)#exit Output on router 0 Router#show ip route C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 R 192.168.20.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.50.2, 00:00:05, Serial2/0 C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0 SDN

10. Routing After Configuration On Router 1 Router(config)#router rip Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 Router(config-router)#exit Output on router 1 Router#show ip route R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:14, Serial2/0 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0 SDN

11. 7a) IGRP IGRP uses the following metrics: Bandwidth – The lowest bandwidth value in the path Delay – The cumulative interface delay along the path Reliability – The reliability on the link toward the destination as determined by the exchange of keepalives Load – The load SDN

12. RouterA(config) #router igrp as-number SDN

13. 7) EIGRP SDN

14. EIGRP EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary enhanced distance vector routing protocol. It is an enhanced distance vector routing protocol. It uses unequal cost load balancing. It uses a combination of distance vector and link-state features (hybrid). It uses Diffused Update Algorithm (DUAL) to calculate the shortest path. Routing updates are multicast using 224.0.0.10 triggered by topology changes. Max hop 255 RA(config-router)# router eigrp autonomous-system-number RA(config-router)# network network-number SDN

15. Router 0 Router>enable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface s2/0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut SDN

16. Router 1 Router>en Router#config terminal Router(config)#int s2/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut SDN

17. Routing After Configuration On Router 0 Router(config)#router eigrp 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 Router(config-router)#exit OUTPUT Router#show ip route C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0 D 192.168.3.0/24 [90/20514560] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:26, Serial2/0 SDN

18. Routing After Configuration On Router 1 Router(config)#router eigrp 10 Router(config-router)#no auto-summary Router(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 Router(config-router)#exit OUTPUT Router#show ip route C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 SDN

19. 8) OSPF OSPF is a nonproprietary link-state routing protocol. It is a link-state routing protocol. It is an open standard routing protocol described in RFC 2328. The SPF algorithm is used to calculate the lowest cost to a destination. Routing updates are flooded as topology changes occur. # router ospf process-id # network net-address wildcard-mask area area-id SDN

20. OSPF SDN

21. Router 0 Router>enable Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#int s2/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut SDN

22. Router 1 Router>enable Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#int s2/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#int s3/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut SDN

23. Router 2 Router>enable Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#int s2/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut Router(config-if)#exit Router(config)#int fa0/0 Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0 Router(config-if)#no shut SDN

24. Routing After Configuration On Router 0 Router(config)#router ospf 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0 OUTPUT Router#show ip route C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0 O 192.168.30.0/24 [110/782] via 192.168.20.2, 00:02:05, Serial2/0 O 192.168.40.0/24 [110/1562] via 192.168.20.2, 00:02:05, Serial2/0 O 192.168.50.0/24 [110/1563] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:29, Serial2/0 SDN

25. Routing After Configuration On Router 1 Router(config)#router ospf 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0 OUTPUT Router#show ip route O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/782] via 192.168.20.1, 00:03:38, Serial2/0 C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0 C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0 O 192.168.50.0/24 [110/782] via 192.168.40.2, 00:02:12, Serial3/0 SDN

26. Routing After Configuration On Router 2 Router(config)#router ospf 10 Router(config-router)#network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0 OUTPUT Router#show ip route O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/1563] via 192.168.40.1, 00:03:06, Serial2/0 O 192.168.20.0/24 [110/1562] via 192.168.40.1, 00:03:06, Serial2/0 O 192.168.30.0/24 [110/782] via 192.168.40.1, 00:03:06, Serial2/0 C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0 C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 SDN