osteoarthritis.The initial goal of therapy is to control and halt the infective process.

The initial goal of therapy is to control and halt the infective process.

1. Management of Patients with Osteoarthritis       PRESENTATION BY Saad Ahmed Omar Ahmed SUPERVISOR BY Dr. Hussein Hadi

2. Learning Objectives - Define osteoarthritis - Describe risk factors, etiology -Describe the pathophysiology - Identify clinical manifestations - Discuss diagnostic methods - Outline collaborative management - Determent nursing interventions

3. is a non-inflammatory, degenerative condition of joints Characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and formation of new bone i.e. osteophytes. Definition

4. 1. Primary (idiopathic) osteoarthritis . The most common type of OA. The cause of OA is unknown, but several risk factors have been identified. Aging. Obesity. Physical activities that create mechanical effect. 2. Secondary OA develop joint degeneration as a result of trauma, sepsis, congenital anomalies. Etiology & Risk Factors

5. Pathophysiology

6. Clinical Manifestations - Joint pain and stiffness (worsens with use) - Functional limitation - Crepitus - Deformities: Heberden’s nodes, Bouchard’s nodes

7. Common affect joint

8. - History and physical examination - X-rays (joint space narrowing, osteophytes) - MRI/CT for early changes - Labs to rule out other disorders Diagnostic Evaluation

9. Non-Pharmacologic Therapy - Rest and joint protection - Heat/cold therapy - Exercise and weight reduction - Assistive devices - Physical therapy

10. Pharmacologic Therapy - Acetaminophen - NSAIDs - Intra-articular corticosteroid injections - Topical agents (capsaicin, NSAID gels)

11. Surgical Management - Arthroscopy - Osteotomy - Joint replacement (arthroplasty)

12. Nursing Management -Nursing Diagnoses: Chronic Pain related to chronic inflammatory disease 1. Ask patient to rate pain on a scale of 0 to 10 to determine level of pain. 2. Provide analgesics as ordered to help alleviate pain. Nursing Diagnoses: Activity Intolerance related to pain 1. Monitor pain during activity to provide baseline data for future assessments. 2. Encourage as much independence as possible to promote activity

13. Nursing Diagnoses: Disturbed Body Image related to changes in joint function and structure 1. Encourage patient to discuss feelings and concerns so patient knows that nurse understands what patient is experiencing. 2. Provide information and clarify misconceptions to ensure that patient is aware of expected problems and concerns.

14. Patient Education - Exercise program adherence - Weight management - Use of assistive devices - Home safety measures - Support groups

15. Complications - Chronic disability - Loss of independence - Depression and decreased quality of life

16. References 1-Lewis, S. L., Bucher, L., Heitkemper , M. M., Harding, M. M., Kwong , J., & Roberts, D. (2018). Medical-Surgical Nursing-E-Book: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems, Single Volume. Elsevier Health Sciences.‏ 2-Haugen, N., & Galura, S. J. (2015). Ulrich & Canale's Nursing Care Planning Guides-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.

17. Thank you for listening