OT Survey The Pentateuch in lens of the part time studies

Old testament first five books comprises of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. The word Penta (meaning five) are the cornerstone of the Jewish Law. The Survey of the first five books is often regarded as the basic entry level in reading the word of God. For the Jew, it is their faith. The Jew often recall the "Shema" which is found in Deuteronomy 6:4, "Hear, O Israel, and be careful to do them..."

1. Old Testament Survey

2. Overview of the History of Israel

3. 17 BC Jacob 13BC in Egypt 13BC twelve tribes in Canaan 10BC Davidic dynasty 933 BC divided into northern Israel and southern Judah 722 BC end of Israel 586BC end of Judah 538BC the exile (Judah) returned and rebuilt the temple completed in 516BC 445BC rebuilt the wall of Jerusalem (Nehemiah) , 435BC rebuilt the faith (Ezra) 167BC J ews independent 70AD temple destroyed, Jews escaped 63BC ruled by Romans 1948AD Modern Israel Assyria Babylon Persia Greek Roman

4. Introduction to Pentateuch

5. Πέντετεῦχος Pentateuch Πέντε Five τεῦχος Books Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy

6. Different Names Pentateuch Five Books of Moses Jews( Hebrew ： תּוֹרָה ‎‎ Torah ） The Book of the Law

7. Some Examples of the Names of the Five Books.

8. 7 "Only be strong and very courageous; be careful to do according to all the law which Moses My servant commanded you; do not turn from it to the right or to the left, so that you may have success wherever you go. 8 " This book of the law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do according to all that is written in… （ Joshua1:7-8 ） The book of the Law (The E xilic period)

9. 4 However, he did not put their children to death, but did as it is written in the law in the book of Moses , which the LORD commanded, saying, "Fathers shall not be put to death for sons, nor sons be put to death for fathers, but each shall be put to death for his own sin." (2 Chr. 25:4 ) Related the book to Moses (Return to Jerusalem)

10. 18 Then they appointed the priests to their divisions and the Levites in their orders for the service of God in Jerusalem, as it is written in the book of Moses . (Ezr. 6:18) On that day they read aloud from the book of Moses in the hearing of the people; and there was found written in it that no Ammonite or Moabite should ever enter the assembly of God, (Neh. 13:1) Related the book to Moses

11. Three questions to ask in the study of the Pentateuch? The historical backgrounds Who are the authors and readers of the final book? What are the stories? The structure of the narrative. The Theological messages.

12. The historical backgrounds Who are the authors and readers of the final book? The book is composed by Ezra after the returning of the exile to Jerusalem. The original source is from Moses.

13. 4 And Moses wrote down all the words of the LORD. Then he arose early in the morning, and built an altar at the foot of the mountain with twelve pillars for the twelve tribes of Israel. (Exod. 24:4) 2 And Moses recorded their starting places according to their journeys by the command of the LORD, and these are their journeys according to their starting places. (Num. 33:2)

14. 22 So Moses wrote this song the same day, and taught it to the sons of Israel. (Deut. 31:22)

15. 14 Therefore it is said in the Book of the Wars of the LORD, " Waheb in Suphah , And the wadis of the Arnon , (Num. 21:14) Who are the authors and readers of the final book? The original source is from Moses but composed by others. Ezra uses the materials to write a book delivering his messages to the exiles that returned to Jerusalem.

16. The purpose of writing Pentateuch Genesis: Rebuilding self-identity. The identity of Israel (Jacob). The covenant between Israel and Yahweh (Abraham, Isaac). The relationship between Israel and the nations (the namelist ).Yahweh is the creator and the God of the world (creation to flood). The faithful shall thrive (Joseph ).

17. The purpose of writing Pentateuch Exodus: Covenanting between Israel and Yahweh. The history from Egypt to Sinai. The ten commands and the building of tabernacles and all the items in it. The liturgical gown for priest. The liturgical calendar. Leviticus: Restoration of sacrificial ceremony and liturgical lives.

18. The purpose of writing Pentateuch Numbers: Warning against the consequences of rebellion. Deuteronomy: The guideline of the new living in Jerusalem.

19. Who are the readers of the book of Pentateuch? Those who return ed to Jerusalem from Babylon.

20. Questions and Answers

21. Genesis

22. The Name Hebrew: In the beginning Bereishit בְּרֵאשִׁ֖ית Greek (Septuagint) : Γένεσις English: Genesis

23. The Structure of Genesis

24. Genesis is divided into two parts 1-11 the ancient history
12-50 the story of Israel’s fathers

25. 1-11 The ancient history 1:1-2:3 God’s creation in six days. Man takes care the land. the sabbath day. 2:4-4:26 The creation of Adam and Eve. The disobedience and the murdering of the siblings. 5-9 The genealogy of Adam to Noah. Noah builds the boat, flood, water withdraws from the land, the covenant of the rainbow not to destroy the earth with flood. 10-11 The genealogy from Noah to Abraham, the building of the Tower of Babel, and the scattering of people throughout the earth.

26. 12-50 the story of Israel’s fathers Abraham 12 Abram went down to Canaan. God’s promise him to be a great nation and a blessing to others. 13-14 Separation from Lot. Abram saved Lot. 15 God promises Abram a son, prophesying four hundred years of suffering. 16 Hagar begat Ishmael. 17 God made a covenant with Abram (kingdom, god who became seed, land), circumcision, and renamed to Abraham.

27. 12-50 the story of Israel’s fathers Abraham 18-19 Prophecy of Sarah’s having a son. The intercession for Lot. The destruction of Sodom, and the genealogy of Moab and Ammonites. 20-21 Abimelech took Sarah as wife. Isaac was born, and Ishmael was driven out. 22-23. God tested Abraham and Sarah died. 24–25 Took a wife for Isaac (Rebekah). Abraham died.

28. Isaac 25 Isaac begat Jacob and Esau. Jacob took Esau’s birthright. 26 And Abimelech took Rebekah as wife. Isaac built the altar.

29. Jacob 27-31 Jacob fled to Laban, married Leah and Rachel. He fled from Laban.
32-33 Preparing to meet Esau, wrestling with God and changing his name to Israel, meeting with Esau.
34 Simeon and Levi smote Shechem.
35 Jacob dwelt in Bethel. God’s covenant (kingdom, land, seed). Isaac died.
36-37 The genealogy of Jacob and Esau.

30. Joseph 37 Dreamed dreams. Sold to Midianite; 38 Judah bore child to Tamar. 39-41 God was with him . Refused to have sex with Potiphar's wife, sent to prison. Interpreted the dream for the cupbearer, the baker, the Pharaoh. became the next person in power after Pharaoh. 42-47 Jacob's family went to Egypt. 48 Ephraim and Manasseh became the tribe of Israel. 49 Jacob blessed his son, and Jacob died. 50 Joseph forgave his brother, and Joseph died.

31. Which story is the mo st important? 1-11: Ancient History Creation of world (1:1-2:3)
Adam, Eve, children (2:4-4)
Adam-Noah family’s tree. The flood (5–9)
Noah-Abraham genealogy. Tower of Babel (10-11) 12-50: The Story of Israel's Fathers Abraham (12-25) [13 Ch]
Isaac (25-26) [2 Ch]
Jacob (27-37) [10 Ch]
Joseph (37-50) [13 Ch]

32. Exodus

33. The Name Hebrew: Names (plural) Shemot שְׁמוֹת Greek: Ἔξοδος English: Exodus “ And these names וְאֵ֗לֶּה שְׁמוֹת ”, t he word "and" indicates Genesis and Exodus is one book, not two.

34. The structure of the book of Exodus

35. 1-15 In Egypt 16-18 Journey towards Sinai 19-24 How to live? Giving commandments and making covenant with Israel. 25-40 How to worship God? Instruction on the building of tabernacles and all the items in it. The liturgical gown for priest. The liturgical calendar. Exodus

36. 1 The Hebrews were enslaved. 2 Moses was born, killing Egyptian, escaping to Midian.
3–4 The calling of Moses.
5-11 Ten miracles, God sovereignty over Egyptians' God/King'
12-15 Israel’s salvation, the Passover, the Sea of Reeds. Exodus 1-15

37. 15:22-27 The Israelites le ft the Red Sea.m traveling through Marah (bitter water to sweet) and Elim (12 springs of water). 16 The desert of Sin (quail, manna). 17 Rephidim (struck the rock to get water, renamed the place Massah and Meribah ). Defeated the Amalekites. 18 Met Jethro, Zippora , Geshun . Appointment of officers for thousand, hundred and ten . Exodus 16-18

38. 19-24: At Mount Sinai. The Ten Commandments and other regulations were given. Israelite made covenant with God. Exodus 19-24

39. 25–31 The blueprint for the tabernacle. Priestly garments.
32 Aaron made the golden calf, and the Levites killed the calf worshippers. 33-40 The people offered the articles for the construction of the tabernacle. Erected the tabernacle. The glory of God filled the tabernacle. Exodus 25-24

40. The Tabernacle

41. The altar of incense The table of bread The lampstand

42. The altar of burnt offering Basin of washing

43. Garments of the Priest

44. Video Tabernacle

45. 利未记 Leviticus

46. The Name Hebrew: Vayikra וַיִּקְרָ֖א אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֑ה וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר יְהוָה (1:1 ) First statement “ He called”. Greek: Λευιτικόν . English: Leviticus.

47. Structure of Longman III & Dillard The law of sacrifice (1-7)
the history of the priesthood (8-10)
maintaining the law of liturgical purity (11-16)
the code of holiness (17-27)

48. The ritual of sacrifice (1-7) Two kinds of sacrifices: animals (1) and grain (2);
Three types of offering: Peace offerings (3), Sin offerings (4), the guilt offerings (5-7);

49. Sanctifying of Aaron and Children (8) Aaron and the children washed their bodies with water and put on priestly garments.
Moses sanctified the tabernacle: anointing with oil the tabernacle and all its vessels, sprinkling it on the altar seven times, anointing the altar and the vessels, washing the basin, utensils and its base.
Offering a sin offering.
Burnt offering of whole animal represent the offering of one’s life to God as living sacrifice.
Inauguration ceremony.
Sanctifying of Aaron and garments. Peace offerings.

50. Taking the office of priesthood Animals represent the people: Aaron and the child put their hands on the animal’ s head. The animal will be killed in replace of man, so that he does not die.
Cleansing the man and the altar: Moses smeared the blood of the animal on Aaron's right earlobe, right thumb, and right big toe, and sprinkled the rest of the blood around the altar to cleanse the sin of man and the altar.
To please God: Take the fat from the tail and all the internal organs, the unleavened bread. putting it in the hands of Aaron and his sons, shake before the Lord (the wave offering), and then burn and give it to God, and the rest of meat will be given to Moses and the children (the peace offering).
Sanctify the garments: Take the blood and the anointing oil sprinkled on the altar and set them apart to God.

51. Aaron making sacrifices for himself and the Israelites (9) The death of Nadad and Abihu (10) Rules for General Living （ 11-15 ） Clean and unclean food （ 11 ） Purification after childbirth (12 ） Regulation about infectious skin diseases （ 13-14 ） Discharges causing uncleanness for male and female (15 ） Day of attonement (16)

52. Those not making the burnt offering at the tabernacle will be put to death (17:1-9)
Forbidden to eat blood, not to imitate the customs of the Canaanite people, not to commit incest (17:10-18:30)
Other guidelines of living (19) Other death offenses: (20) Human Sacrifice and offering to demons (20:1-6)
B Obey the law (20:7-8)
C Do not insult your parents, commit adultery and incest (20:9-21)
B’ Obey the Law (20:22)
C' Don't follow local customs (20:23-26)
A' offering to demons (20:27)

53. Rules for Priests (21–22)
Israel's Feasts ( 23)
Oil and bread set before the Lord (24:1-9)
Stone the blasphemer (24:10-23)
Other rules: Sabbath, Jubilee, redemption of land, houses, lending money to the poor, buying and selling of slaves ( 25)
Reward to the obedience, punishment for the disobedience ( 26)
Redemption what is the Lord’s ( 27)

54. Dr Lai Jian guo's structure A Worship, the Five Kinds of Sacrifice (1-7) B The Inauguration of the Priests (8-10)
C Ceremonial Cleansing (Not Associated with Sin) (11-15) D Yom Kippur (Core Feast) (16)
C’ Moral Cleansing (17-20)
B’ Priestly Regulations (21-22) A’ Worship, Feasts (23-27)

55. Numbers

56. The Name וַיְדַבֵּ֙ר יְהוָ֧ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֛ה בְּמִדְבַּ֥ר סִינַ֖י בְּאֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד בְּאֶחָד֩ לַחֹ֙דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֜י בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשֵּׁנִ֗ית לְצֵאתָ֛ם מֵאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרַ֖יִם לֵאמֹֽר׃ (Num. 1:1 WTT) The LORD spoke to Moses in the tent of meeting in the Desert of Sinai on the first day of the second month of the second year after the Israelites came out of Egypt. He said: (Num. 1:1) Hebrew name “I n the deser t”

57. Greek name is “ A·rith·moi ”. Latin Bible, the Vulgate is “ Numeri”. English name is “Numbers”, referring to the event of counting of the people.

58. Relationship between the books In terms of location, Exodus begins with the persecution of Israelite at Egypt and ended with the glory of God dwelling in the Tabernacle at Mount Sinai. In Sinai, Yahweh gives the Law, the blueprint of the construction of the tabernacle and the priestly garments. Leviticus gives the details of different sacrificial liturgy, the laws, the festival etc.

59. Numbers begins with the counting of population at Sinai and ended with giving the instruction of no inheritance shall be transferred from tribe to tribe at the plains of Moab by the Jordan opposite Jericho.

60. The structure of Numbers

61. First generation of Israelites born in Egypt 1-10 Administrative Arrangements before departing from Sinai 11-14: Rebellion 15 The rules of sacrificial offering, the sabbath, and the tassels on the corners of their garments 16-17: Rebellion 18-19 Aaron's sons as priests, Levites as helper, red heifer ashes, self-purification 20 Rebellion (Moses and Aaron were punished) 21-24 Victory in the war 25: Rebellion Second generation of Israelites born in wilderness 26-27 Administrative arrangements before entering the land of Canaan 31: The victory over the Midianites. 32 Administrative Arrangements 33 Recounts the journey of Rameses in Egypt to the plains of Moab east of Jordan river Abel Shittim. W arning that the Canaanites must be driven out or the future Israelites will be endangered. 34-36 Administrative Arrangements

62. 1 Counting the men that were able to fight: Reuben, Simeon, Gad, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, Ephraim, Manasseh, Benjamin, Dan, Asher, and Naphtali.
2 The encampment sites: East (Judah, Issachar, Zebulun), South (Reuben, Simeon, Gad), West (Ephraim, Manasseh, Benjamin), North (Dan, Asher, Naphtali), Middle (Levi).
3-4 Count the tribe of Levi, the Levites in place of the firstborn Israelites, and the duties of Kohathite , Gershonite and Merarites . 5:1-6:21. Rules: uncleanness, restitution, testing for unfaithfulness, Nazirites.
6:22-27. Aaron's blessing.
7 The Tribes present their gifts.
8:1-4 lighting the lampstand and get ready the tabernacle .

63. 8:5-26 Cleansing of Levites and preparing Israelites for the Passover;. 9:15-10:36 – Signs of departing and camping of the army: The rising and descending of the clouds; The blowing of the trumpet; Departing from Mount Sinai.
11 Those who complained against God killed by fire from the sky. he The rabble complained no meat to eat. God gave quails and smote the people with plagues for disobeying the order. 12 ( Hazeroth ) Miriam and Aaron challenged Moses' leadership and Miriam’s skin was leprous .
13-14 Spying the land of Canaan, reporting the evil news, the people grumbling, prohibition from entering the land Canaan, die in the wilderness within forty years. Israelites that were attacking the high land were killed by the Amalekites and the Canaanites.
15 Offering that to be done in Canaan (grain offering, burnt offering), those who broke the rule of Sabbath were to put to death. making a blue cord on each tassel on the corners the garment .

64. 16-17 Korah son of Izhar, Kohath, Levi, and Reubenites ( Dathan and Abiram ) challenged Moses and Aaron's leadership, the earth swallowed the rebels, fire came out from the LORD consumed the 250, the plague killed 14,700 people. Aaron's rod sprouts. 18 Aaron and his descendants will be priests, Levites will be the helpers. The portion that are to be given to the priests and Levites.
19 The ashes of the red heifer could cleanse the sins. Purification of the unclean. 20:1 ( Kadesh ) Miriam die d .
20:2-13 Israelites attacked Moses and Aaron for no water to drink, Moses did not speak to the rock, but striking the rock twice, as a result, he was not allowed to enter Canaan.
20:14-21 The king of Edom prohibited Israelites to pass through their land.
20:22-29 - Aaron dies. 21:1-3 （亚他林，何珥）以色列人战胜亚拉得王； 21:4-9 以色列人在何珥山延红海的路反抗摩西被火蛇咬，摩西铸铜蛇救百姓； 21:10-33 （阿伯，以耶亚巴琳，亚嫩河，比珥，玛他拿，拿哈列，巴末，摩押地谷，毗斯迦山顶）战胜亚摩利王西宏和巴珊王噩。

65. 21:1-3 ( Atharim ) Israel's victory over King Arad;
21:4-9 Israelites rebelled against Moses on the road to the Red Sea at Mount Hor. Moses made a bronze serpent to save the people. 21:10-33 ( Oboth , Iye Abarim, Zered , Arnon , Beer, Mattanah , Nahaliel , Bamoth, Moab, Pisgah) Against Sihon king of the Amorites and Og king of Bashan. 22-24 (Plains of Moab) The Story of Balaam
25 The Israelites committed adultery with the Moabite women at Shittim and worshipped Baal- Peor , and the LORD used the plague to kill many Israelites.

66. Second generation of Israelites
26 Count the number of people who can fight.
27 Daughter may inherit her father's inheritance (without a son). and Moses passed the leadership to Joshua.
28-30 Liturgical calender : The Sabbath, the first day of the month, the Passover, the Feast of Weeks, the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of Atonement, the Feast of Tabernacles, and the Ordinance of making vows.
31 Slaying the Midianites, leaving the virgins, because of Balaam's schemes to cause the Israelites to sin, dividing the spoils.
32 The half tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh asked to stay at the land of East Jordan. Moses permit them with condition that they should send men to help the other tribes conquering the land at the west Jordan. The three tribes divided the land.

67. 33 Moses recounted t he journey from Ramsay of Egypt to Abel Shittim. Israelites must drive the Canaanites away, destroying the idols and the high places, or else they will endanger the Israelites, causing them to be driven away. 34 The LORD sets the boundary of the land of Israel, dividing the land through casting the lot.
35 Distribute Levites to different city. Set up cities of refuge.
36 Woman who owns an inheritance must marry a man of her own tribe.

68. 申命记

69. The Name First two words ( אֵ֣לֶּה הַדְּבָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֙ מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־כָּל־שְׂרָאֵ֔ל ) which translates as "these are the words".
Greek: Deuteronomion . English: Deuteronomy.

70. Deuteronomy deu'te·ros : second no’mos : law It means "the second law.”

71. Chiastic Structure A Extrinsic Framework: A Review (1-3) B Inner Framework: A Brief Description of the Covenant (4-11) C Core: Provisions of the Covenant (12-26) B’ Inner Framework: The Celebration of the Covenant (27-30) A’ External Framework: Looking Forward (31-34)

72. A 1-3 Retold the history to the new generation: Defeating Sihon King of Heshbon and Og King of Bashan, Allocating Territories, Moses prohibited from entering Canaan. B 4-11 The lesson of history: Obey the Lord's command in order to live in the land of Canaan for long. Thou shalt not worship idols, for God is the only God. Allocation of the land of Jordan. The rebellious historical lesson that to be avoided. Ten Commandments. Shema. Not to marry the Canaanites. The history of God's blessing and protection. Shall pronounce curse at the Mount Ebal and blessing at the Mount Gerizim . C 12-26 Things to be done in Canaan: Sacrifices in the place chosen by God. Shalt not eat blood, do not follow other gods. Destroy apostasy cities. Clean and unclean food. Offering tithes. The year for cancelling debts. The offering of firstborn. Three religious festivals. Law courts. The appointment of king. The appointment of judges. The inheritance of the Levites. The raising up of prophets. Cities of refuge. The warfare. The atonement for an unsolved murder. Marrying a captive woman. The right of the firstborn. the removal of rebellious sons. Marriage violation. Uncleanness in the camp. Marry brother’s widows.. B’ 27-30 And what Moses commanded the people to do after they passed through Jordan: Pronounce curses on mount Ebal and blessing on mount Gerizim. Curses for disobedience. Renewal of the covenant. Prosperity after turning to the Lord. The offer of life and death. A 31:1-29 The leadership is given to Joshua. 31:30-32:44 Song of Moses. 32:45-52 Moses could not enter Canaan. 33 Moses blessed the tribes. 34: Moses dies.

73. A 1-3 Retold the history to the new generation: Defeating Sihon King of Heshbon and Og King of Bashan, Allocating Territories, Moses prohibited from entering Canaan. A 31:1-29. The leadership is given to Joshua. 31:30-32:44 Song of Moses. 32:45-52 Moses could not enter Canaan. 33 Moses blessed the tribes. 34: Moses dies.

74. B 4-11 The lesson of history: Obey the Lord's command in order to live in the land of Canaan for long. Thou shalt not worship idols, for God is the only God. Allocation of the land of Jordan. The rebellious historical lesson that to be avoided. Ten Commandments. Shema. Not to marry the Canaanites. The history of God's blessing and protection. Shall pronounce curse at the Mount Ebal and blessing at the Mount Gerizim . B’ 27-30 And what Moses commanded the people to do after they passed through Jordan: Pronounce curses on mount Ebal and blessing on mount Gerizim. Curses for disobedience. Renewal of the covenant. Prosperity after turning to the Lord. The offer of life and death.

75. C 12-26 Things to be done in Canaan: Sacrifices in the place chosen by God. Shalt not eat blood, do not follow other gods. Destroy apostasy cities. Clean and unclean food. Offering tithes. The year for cancelling debts. The offering of firstborn. Three religious festivals. Law courts. The appointment of king. The appointment of judges. The inheritance of the Levites. The raising up of prophets. Cities of refuge. The warfare. The atonement for an unsolved murder. Marrying a captive woman. The right of the firstborn. the removal of rebellious sons. Marriage violation. Uncleanness in the camp. Marry brother’s widows..

76. After entering the Canaan, Israelites pronounce blessing and cursing on the two mountains Sechem Mt. Gerizim 881m. Blessing, fertile land Mt. Ebal 940m Curse, barren

77. Assignments Write a paper of not fewer than 1000 words. Send the assignment to [email protected] . Contact me 0146918540. Do write down your name, email and contact on the assignment paper.

78. Paper 1 Part One: Analyze the structure of the Pentateuch, discuss how the message of each book contributes to the formation of the identity of Israelites. Considering that the returnees from Babylon have lost much of their history, identity, culture and religion. Part Two: Compare and analyze the disciple making strategy of your church with the strategy outlined by the author of Pentateuch, identify the areas of improvement you might suggest to the church leadership? Conclusion/reflection: How has the writing of this paper made you a better a local preacher?