Ovariohysterectomy in bitch

Lecture notes for diploma students (Animal Science)

1. འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་འཛིན་གཙུག་ལག་སློབ་སྡེ། རང་འབྱུང་འཐོན་བསྐྱེད་མཐོ་རིམ་སློབ་གྲྭ། སྤུ་ན་ཁ་རྫོང་ཁག། ལོད་སྦུད་ས། དྲོག་ཏྲར་་་འཇིགས་འབྲེལ་རྡོ་རྗེ། རང་འབྱུང་འཐོན་བསྐྱེད་མཐོ་རིམ་སློབ་གྲྭ། སྤུ་ན་ཁ་རྫོང་ཁག། ལོད་སྦུད་ས། Ovariohysterectomy in Bitch

2. Ovariohysterectomy Surgical removal of both Ovaries and Uterus

3. Indication of Ovariohysterectomy 1.Birth control Programme 2.Neoplasm involving ovary and uterus 3.Ovarian cyst 4.Uterine diseases (Pyometra, metritis, chronic endometrial hyperplasia, Prolapse) 5.Minimize the risk of mammary gland tumors 6. Vaginal edema 7. Prevention of hormonal changes that interferes with therapy for dermatitis, diabetes or Epilepsy.

4. Pre-anesthesia/Premedication Sedation, Muscle relaxation, Analgesia Reduce autonomic reflex response Smooth induction and recovery Reduce airway and salivary secretions Reduce gastric fluid volume and acidity Suppress/prevent vomiting/regurgitation Reduce anesthetic requirements

5. Drugs commonly used. Atropine (0.04mg/kg) Xylazine (1 mg/kg) Ketamine (5mg/kg IV, 11mg/kg IM) Diazepam ( Dog /cat 0.1-0.5 mg /kg ) Patient preparation should be done once preanesthics have been given Dose of the induction agent will reduce if preanestetic is given

6. Step 1 Calculate the drug doses on case paper prior starting of anesthesia Step 2 Inject Xylazine and atropine and wait for 10 mins Step 3 After 10 mins inject ketamine (Induction) Anesthetic Procedure/Protocol

7. Calculation of Drug dose Volume of Drug to be given (in ml) =   Concentration of the drug is always mentioned on the vial while drug dose rate should be known. If the concentration of the drug is in % (Eg 20%), always change to mg/ml using following unitary method. 100%= 1000mg/ml

8. Equipment Required for Ovariohysterectomy. Spay pack containing sterilized gauze at least 10 A Spay hook At least 3 to 4 curved artery forceps A scissor A thumb forceps (Rat toothed) A needle holder Needle Suture (vicryl, catgut, silk) Towel clamp A Shroud etc. Scalpel blade handle All these equipment should be thoroughly sterilized

9. Surgical Technique Approach : Midline incision on the linea alba. 1 or 2 inch distal to umbilicus depending on the age of the patient. Surgeons position should be on the right for OH & on the left if Castration with respect to patient.

10. Surgical Technique: 1. Using sterile scalpel blade, make a clean continuous incision on the skin linea alba (5 cm approx. distal to Umbilicus). 2. Blunt dissect with artery forceps to expose subcutaneous tissues and muscles. 3. Give a stab incision on the muscle making sure not to stab the underlying organs.

11. 4 . Blunt dissect the muscle with artery forceps to expose white glistening peritoneum. 5. With a thumb forceps, lift the peritoneum and give a stab incision to it with a scalpel blade. 6. Extend the incision hole with scalpel blade to the size of skin incision length. 7.Always follow the tenets of H alsted. 8. Locate the left uterine horn with the help of spay hook focusing on the left abdominal wall.

12. 9 . Exteriorize the uterine horn and clamp below the ovarian pedicle with two curved artery forceps. 10. To facilitate clamping, pierce the broad ligament where no vessels are present. 11.Break the suspensory ligament with the help of thumb and fore finger without pulling forcefully. 12. Ligate the