oxidative stress.pptx 11111111111111111111111111111

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1. ROS contribute to carcinogenesis by inducing DNA damage which results in aberrant inflammation and metabolism , leading to mutations and cell hyperproliferation. They act as signaling molecules , promoting cancer cell survival and cancer progression via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). ROS affect the tumor microenvironment (TME) by modulating stromal and immune cells (e.g., CAFs, Tregs, Teffs, NK cells), aiding tumor progression.

2. ROS promote carcinogenesis and malignant progression Luo et al.,202