OXYGEN THERAPY & ADMINISTRATION FOR MEDICSpptx

Oxygen therapy and it's administration for paramedics and medical students.

1. OXYGEN administration and delivery devices JOSEPH ALAO

2. OUTLINE Case presentation Introduction Uses of oxygen Signs of oxygen deprivation Methods of oxygen administration

3. At the end of this presentation, we should be able to understand; The meaning of oxygen therapy The signs of oxygen deprivation The methods of oxygen administration and its delivery devices.

4. CASE SCENARIO You are treating a 60years old man whose chief complaint was chest pain that radiates to the neck. You connected your 12Lead ECG and found out your patient has anterior- septal wall MI. Vital signs are BP: 100/60mmHg , PR:66b/m , RR:24c/m , Temp:37.6°C, SpO2:94% Does he need oxygen? If yes, how will you administer? If no, what's your reason?

5. WHAT IS O2? Oxygen can be defined as a drug classified under medical gas category. Its a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas that is highly essential for living . Oxygen therapy is the administration of O2 at a concentration of pressure greater than that found in the atmosphere . The purpose of O2 therapy is to increase O2 saturation in tissues where the saturation levels are too low due to illness or injury.

6. Introduction cont’d Supplemental oxygen is one of the most commonly prescribed treatments in medical care. Tissue oxygenation is dependent on optimal or adequate delivery of oxygen to the tissues. Increasing the concentration of inhaled oxygen is an effective method of increasing the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and correcting hypoxemia.

7. Introduction cont’d Oxygen therapy is a means to provide oxygen according to target saturation rates to achieve normal or near normal oxygen saturation levels for acute and chronically ill patients. Oxygen must be monitored in patients to keep the saturation levels within the required target range. Oxygen should be reduced or discontinued in stable patients with satisfactory oxygen saturation levels

8. The essence of oxygen therapy is to provide oxygen according to target saturation rates, and to monitor the saturation rate to keep it within the target range. The target range (SpO2) for a normal adult is 95% to 100%.

9. O2 indication Why use oxygen?????

10. Indication of 02 Oxygen is indicated in any patient with an oxygen saturation level less than 90% in healthy humans, no matter their state. In acutely ill patients, it's indicated when it's below 92%. However, it's very harmful if oxygen drops below 80% in any healthy human or patient. Immediate intervention is required . If SpO2 ≥92%, oxygen therapy is not routinely required.

11. Flow rate of o2 ADMINISTRATION If SpO2 is 85-91%, oxygen can be initially instituted at 2-4 L/min via nasal cannula or other suitable oxygen delivery method and titrated to achieve target SpO2 . In many situations, this range of oxygen saturation is unlikely to be associated with risk, although oxygen is commonly administered.  

12. If SpO2 is <85%, oxygen can be initiated at 4 L/min via nasal cannula, through a simple face mask at 5-10 L/min, a 100% non- rebreather reservoir mask at 15 L/min, or through a humidified high-flow nasal cannula. The choice of the delivery system will depend on the SpO2 level and titrated to achieve the target SpO2 as soon as practically possible. Several research showed that oxygen can be administered to the patient to reduce their level of anxiety and stress but no specific rate was concluded based on titration to the desired effect by the healthcare provider following proper documentation.

13. Conditions that requires the use of oxygen AMONG OTHERS 1. Asthma
2. COPD
3. COVID 19
4. Cystic Fibrosis
5. Heart failure
6. Pneumonia
7. Trauma
8. Surgery

14. Signs Of oxygen deprivation

15. O2 administration devices Devices used in O2 administration are usually divided into low flow systems and high flow systems

16. Nasal cannulA This is a low flow system): it can provide 24-40% of oxygen concentration at 1 6litres/minute .

17. Simple face mask This is a low-flow system. I t can provide 40-60% oxygen concentration at 6-10 liters/minute .

18. Non- rebreather facemask This is a high flow oxygen . It can delivers 80-90% oxygen concentration at 10-15 liters/minute .

19. Bag valve mask This can deliver up to 15 LPM of oxygen

20. Venturi mask This is a high flow system . this can provide 24-60% oxygen at 4 -12 liters/ minute. This delivers a more precise level of oxygen by controlling the specific amounts of oxygen delivered to the patient.

21. Oxygen Tanks

22. Portable oxygen cylinder

23. Contraindications to the use of oxygen. 1. Paraquat poisoning
2. Fire hazard

24. THANK YOU!!!!