pallative care/ end of life care practices

palliative care from perspective of respiratory and critical care as well as cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.

1. FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING PALLIATIVE CARE 6/21/2024 1

2. Definition WHO defines palliative care an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual. 6/21/2024 2

3. OR Palliative care is the care which is aimed at prevention, relief, reduction, or soothing of symptoms of disease or disorders without effecting a cure. 6/21/2024 3

4. OR Palliative care may be defined as the active, total care of patients whose disease is no longer responsive to curative treatment. 6/21/2024 4

5. GOAL OF PALLIATIVE CARE The goal of palliative care is to prevent and relieve symptoms and thereby improve quality of life for both the patient and the family. 6/21/2024 5

6. Quality of life of the patient will be improved by reducing the experiences of symptoms of distress which affects the patient’s life routines. 6/21/2024 6

7. The goal is achieved by offering the patient Relief from suffering through; Treatment of pain and other distressing symptoms. Psychological and spiritual care Establishing a support system for patient and family. 6/21/2024 7

8. Referral for Palliative Care is appropriate for any patient with an incurable, progressive and fatal illness. 6/21/2024 8

9. Who needs palliative care? Particularly recommended for: Patients with rapidly progressive disease Patients with disease presenting unexpected, difficult to control, or rapidly progressing symptoms Distressing symptoms, when no relief has been achieved within 48 hours Psycho-social distress in patient or family relating to the diagnosis or in facing death Where reassurance of a second opinion is sought – by patient, family or other health care professional 6/21/2024 9

10. IN PALLIATIVE CARE: Provide relief from pain and other distressing symptoms. Affirm life and regard dying as a normal process. Neither hasten nor postpone death. 6/21/2024 10

11. Integrate psychological and spiritual aspects of client care. Offer a support system to help clients live as actively as possible until death. 6/21/2024 11

12. Offer a support system to help families cope during the clients illness and their own bereavement. Enhance Quality of life. 6/21/2024 12

13. Palliative care seeks to address the needs of all individuals with serious and other end stage illness such as heart disease, cancer , stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Diabetes mellitus. 6/21/2024 13

14. Principles of palliative care Patient and family are viewed as a unit of care Attention to physical, psychological, cultural, social, ethical and spiritual needs Interdisciplinary team approach Education and support of patient and family 6/21/2024 14

15. Extends across illnesses and settings Bereavement Support 6/21/2024 15

16. Approach to care The approach to care usually involves an interdisciplinary team of physicians, nurses, social workers, pastoral care professionals, physical and occupational therapists, psychologist and pharmacist. 6/21/2024 16

17. COMPONENTS OF PALLIATIVE CARE 6/21/2024 17

18. SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT It is very important for the concerned person to offer appropriate symptom management to maintain the patients dignity and self esteem. They provide information on the treatment options. Administer the prescribed medications. 6/21/2024 18

19. Con’t Some of the common symptoms of terminally ill patients include; Fatigue Nausea Constipation Diarrhoea Urinary incontinence Ineffective breathing patterns e.g dyspnoea, shortness of breath. 6/21/2024 19

20. Psychosocial support The most valuable support you can offer is your presence as a caring person. Through your verbal expression s of empathy, positive regard, and availability of practical support. 6/21/2024 20

21. Con’t Explain the role of all the interdisciplinary team members to establish trust and alley anxiety. Encourage the patient to verbalize their fears. You give accurate and timely information about their clinical progress, or prognosis. 6/21/2024 21

22. Social support The family , friends, health care workers should be available and supportive. Involve family and friends on whom the client relies for support. ( you ask the client who they want to involve in their care). 6/21/2024 22

23. Spiritual Support Spirituality is a highly personal matter. And caring for a patient’s spiritual needs means that you accept their beliefs and helping them with issues surrounding meaning and hope. 6/21/2024 23

24. Respect the patient’s religion even if it interferes with medical treatment. Allow the patients spiritual leaders to come and offer spiritual care. 6/21/2024 24

25. Usually terminal illness creates an uncertainty about what death means leading to spiritual distress. The priests can help the client find peace within themselves. 6/21/2024 25

26. COUNSELLING Counselling is a process through which a trained counsellor uses counselling skills to dialogue with a troubled client so that he can come up with their own decision or solution. 6/21/2024 26

27. Counselling is an important therapeutic intervention in palliative care. It is through Counselling that the patient will be helped to; Define his problem Identify his own solutions Decide how best to handle their anxiety. . 6/21/2024 27

28. The End Any Question???????? 6/22/2024 28