Palmitic acid synthesis with the help of coolege bsc 3rd semester

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1. DENOVOSYNTHESISOF
FATTYACIDS(Palmiticacid)
UnitIII:Lipidmetabolism

2. Definition:Denovosynthesis offattyacidistheseriesofreactionswhichinvolvesthemethodofproductionofpalmitate
from acetylCoA
Denovomeansnew wayofsynthesis
De novo synthesis mainly occurs
inthe placeslike
Liver
Kidney
Adiposetissue
SiteofDe novosynthesis
Someof thedietarycompoundslikeCarbohydrates,
amnioacidswhenthey consumedinexcessquantity,
theygetconvertedintofattyacidsandtheywillbe
storedasTriglycerides.
Denovosynthesisoffattyacidsoccousinthreestages
1.Productionof acetyl CoAandNADPH
2.Conversionofacetyl CoAto malonylCoA
3.Reactionsoffattyacidssynthase complex
INTRODUCTIONTODENOVOSYNTHESISOFFATTYACIDS(PALMITICACID)

3. 1.ProductionofAcetylCoAandNADPH
a.AcetylCoAisthemain
requirementfortheproductionof
fattyacids.MainlywegetAcetyl
CoAbytheoxidationofpyruvate
inmitochondrialmatrixandfrom
aminoacidsandfromketone
bodies.
b.Thereactionwhichis
takingplaceinmitochondria
thatisimpermeableto
AcetylCoA.Sototransfer
acetylCoAalternative
arrangementismade.
c.TheacetylCoAis
condensedtooxaloacetate
andformsthecitrate.
Theformedcitrateiseasily
outofthe
matrixto
transported
mitochondrial
cytosolmatrix
series
d.Theformedcitrate
of
particular
produces
undergoes
reactionwith
enzymesand
fattyacids.
Mitochondrial
matrix
Pyruvate
AcetylCoA Oxaloacetate
Citrate
Citratesynthase
Pyruvate
dehydrogenase Pyruvate
Carboxylase
Mitochondrialmatrix is
ImpermeabletoAcetylCoA
Citrate
Oxaloacetate
Malate
Pyruvate
CoASH
AcetylCoA
ATP
ADP+Pi
CitrateLyase
Malate
Dehydrogenase
Malicenzyme
(MalateDehydrogenase)
NADH+H
+
NAD
+
NADP
+
NADPH+H
+
CO
2
Fattyacids
Cytosol

4. 2.Conversionof acetylCoAtomalonylCoA
a.Acetyl CoAundergoescarboxylationreactiontoproducedmalonylCoA.
b.Thisis anATPdependentreactionandrequiresbiotinforCO
2 fixation.
3.Reactions offattyacidssynthasecomplex
a.Reactionsoffattyacidsynthase arecatalysedbyamultifunctionalenzymeknownasfattyacidsynthase(FAS)complex.
b.Eachmonomerpossesstheactivityofdifferentenzymeandan acyl carrierprotein(ACP).
c.Thissequenceofreactionwillbe discussedbelow.
1
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5. 3
4
5
6
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6. SummaryofPalmitatesynthesis:
Inpalmitateitconsistof16carbonatomandinthisonly2carbonatomscomesfromAcetylCoAandtheremaining14carbon
atomscomesfrommalonylCoA.
Theoverallreactionofpalmitateissummarizedby

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