PANCHAYAT RAJ COMMUNITY HEALTH powepoint prwsentation NURSING

Panachayath raj

1. PANCHAYATIRAJ

2. INTRODUCTION
RurallocalselfgovernmentinIndia
Threetiersystem
Linkingvillagetodistrict
Threelevel



-Gram Panchayat-Atvillagelevel
-Panchayatsamiti-Atblocklevel
-ZilaParishad-Atdistrictlevel

3. This is the basic unit at the village or small-
town level. It consists of elected
representatives from the local area and is
responsible for various civic functions
within its jurisdiction.

4. This is the intermediate level between
the Gram Panchayat and the district level. It
consists of elected members from a group of
Gram Panchayats within a block or a taluk. Its
responsibilities include coordination, planning,
and implementation of development programs
at the block level.

5. This is the highest level of the Panchayati Raj
system at the district level. It comprises
elected representatives from the Block
Panchayats and is responsible for overall
coordination and planning of development
activities at the district level.

6. Mahatmagandhi-‘gramaswaraj’-villageself-
governance
1957-BalwanthRayMehtaCommittee
-establishmentofaschemeof
democraticdecentralization
1959-FirstadoptedinNagpur
1992-73
rdAmendmentofIndianconstitution
HISTORY

7. Shri Giriraj Singh.

8. ATVILLAGELEVEL
Basicunitofpanchayatiraj
Gramsabha
Grampanchayat
Nyayapanchayat

9. Gramsabha
A Gram Sabha is a vital component of the
Panchayati Raj system in India, serving as the
grassroots-level democratic institution. It
plays a crucial role in ensuring direct
participation of the community in local
governance.

10. TheGramSabhaconsistsofalltheregistered
voterswithinavillageorgroupofvillages
thatformaGramPanchayat.Itistheprimary
bodythroughwhichvillagersparticipate
directlyintheadministrationand
developmentoftheirlocalarea.

11. Assemblyofalladults
Mustmeetattwiceinayear
Considersproposalsfortaxation,discuss
theannualprogrammeandelectsmembers
ofthegramapanchayat.



12. Constitutional Provisions: The 73rd Amendment
Act of 1992 provides the constitutional basis for
the establishment of the Gram Sabha, granting it
specific powers and responsibilities.
State Legislation: Each state in India has its own
Panchayati Raj Act, which outlines the specific
roles, functions, and procedures for the Gram
Sabha in that state.

13. Examples of Successful Gram Sabhas
Kerala:
Known for its effective use of Gram Sabhas
in planning and implementing development projects
through the People's Plan Campaign.
Madhya Pradesh:
Implemented initiatives to increase women's
participation in Gram Sabha meetings, resulting in
more inclusive governance.

14. Executiveorganofgramasabha
Agencyforplanninganddevelopment
Strengthvariesfrom15-30andcovers5,000to
15,000ormorepopulation
Membersholdaperiodof3-4years
Electedmember-Sarpanchorsabhapatior
Mukhiya
Vicepresident,panchayatsecretary






15. Panchaytsecretary
Theycovertheentirefieldofcivil
administrationincludingsanitationandpublic
healthandofsocialandeconomic
developmentofthevillage

16. They administer local affairs
and provide governance at the grassroots level.
Gram Panchayats are
involved in planning and implementing various
rural development programs and schemes.
They are responsible
for the development and maintenance of local
infrastructure such as roads, water supply, street
lighting, etc.

17. They undertake initiatives for
the welfare of the community, including
education, healthcare, sanitation, and poverty
alleviation programs.
Gram Panchayats have
the authority to collect certain local taxes and
fees and manage local revenue.

18. ATBLOCKLEVEL


About20members
-allsarpanchsofvillagepanchayatatblock
-MLAs,MPs,residinginblockarea
-representativesofwomen,SC,STandco-operative
societies
Ex-officiosecretary-BDO

19. Panchayatsamiti-functions

The primary role of the Panchayat
Samiti is to
It acts as an administrative body
responsible for planning and executing
local development projects.

20. Planning and implementation of rural
development schemes and programs.
Coordination of activities of Gram
Panchayats within the block.
Allocation and utilization of funds received
from higher levels of government for
development activities.

21. Monitoring and evaluation of development
projects and programs.
Providing support and guidance to Gram
Panchayats in matters related to
administration and governance.

22. ATDISTRICTLEVEL
Zilaparishad/zilapanchayat


Members-40-70
Allheadsofthepanchayatsamiti,MP,MLA,
representativesofwomen,SC,ST,2Persons
experiencedinpubliclife,rural
development,andadministration.
Districtcollectorisanon-votingmember

23. Structure and Composition
The Zila Parishad is headed by a
Chairperson, who is elected from among its
members.
Members typically include elected
representatives from each Panchayat Samiti
within the district, as well as members of the
Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and members of
Parliament (MPs) representing the district.

24. Chief Executive Officer (CEO):
An appointed government officer, usually
from the Indian Administrative Service (IAS),
serves as the CEO and is responsible for the
administrative functions of the Zila Parishad.

25. ZILAPARISHAD-FUNCTION
Maintenanceofprimaryandsecondary
schools,hospitals,dispensaries,minor
irrigationworks,promoteslocalindustries
andart.


26. Planning and Development:
Formulating and implementing plans for the
development of the district, including
agricultural development, rural industries,
and infrastructure projects like roads,
bridges, and schools.

27. Education: Overseeing primary and secondary
education and implementing adult literacy
programs.
Social Welfare: Implementing welfare schemes
for women, children, and other vulnerable
groups.
Public Distribution System: Supervising the
distribution of essential commodities through
fair price shops.

31. KILA
KeralaInstituteofLocalAdministration
(KILA)isanautonomousinstitution
functioningfortheLocalgovernmentsin
Kerala.
KILAwasestablishedinthepatternofa
nationalinstitutewiththemainobjectiveof
training,researchandconsultancyin
decentralisedgovernanceand
administration.


32. A municipal corporation, also known as a city
corporation or municipal council, is a local
government body responsible for
administering and managing urban areas with
significant populations.
A municipal corporation is a type of local
government in India which administers urban
areas with a population of more than one
million.

33. The ceremonial head of the municipal
corporation.
Elected by the members of the municipal
corporation.
Represents the city at official events and
presides over corporation meetings.

34. The chief executive officer of the municipal
corporation.
Appointed by the state government.
Responsible for the day-to-day administration
and implementation of policies.

35. Elected representatives from various wards
(constituencies) within the city.
Serve as the legislative body, making decisions
and passing resolutions on urban governance
issues.
Various committees focusing on specific
functions like finance, education, health, and
public works.
Help in detailed examination and implementation
of policies.

36. Functions and Responsibilities
Preparing and implementing development
plans.
Regulating land use and construction activities.
Managing public infrastructure like roads,
bridges, parks, and public buildings.
Ensuring the upkeep and development of city
infrastructure

37. Public Health and Sanitation:
Managing waste collection, disposal, and
sanitation services.
Running public health campaigns and managing
municipal hospitals and clinics.
Water Supply and Drainage:
Providing potable water to residents.
Managing drainage systems and preventing
waterlogging and flooding.

38. Education:
Running and maintaining municipal schools
and educational institutions.
Implementing educational programs and
literacy campaigns.
Fire and Emergency Services:
Providing fire protection and emergency
response services.
Managing disaster response and preparedness
programs.

39. Regulation and Licensing:
Issuing licenses for various businesses and
trades.
Enforcing municipal regulations and bylaws.

40. Sources of Revenue
Property Taxes:A major source of income, levied
on real estate properties within the municipality.
User Charges: Fees for services like water
supply, sanitation, and parking.
Grants and Aids:Financial assistance from the
state and central governments for specific
projects and schemes.
Loans:Borrowing from financial institutions for
major infrastructure projects.
Other Taxes and Fees:Including entertainment
tax, advertisement tax, and building permit fees.

41. Challenges
Limited financial and
human resources to meet growing urban
demands.
Rapid urbanization
leading to increased demand for services and
infrastructure.
Bureaucratic inefficiencies,
corruption, and lack of transparency.

42. Managing
pollution, waste, and ensuring sustainable
development.
Engaging citizens
effectively in the decision-making process.

43. Recent Trends and Initiatives
An initiative by the
Government of India to promote sustainable and
inclusive cities that provide core infrastructure and
a decent quality of life to citizens.
A national campaign to
clean streets, roads, and infrastructure of cities,
towns, and rural areas.
Initiatives like the
Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban
Transformation (AMRUT) aimed at improving
infrastructure and service delivery in cities.

44. Legislative Framework
Constitutional Provisions:
The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act of
1992 provides the constitutional framework
for urban local bodies (ULBs) including
municipal corporations.
Mandates the creation of ULBs and the
devolution of powers and responsibilities to
them.
State Municipal Acts:
Each state in India has its own municipal act
that governs the functioning of municipal
corporations within that state.
These acts outline the powers, functions, and
responsibilities of municipal corporations.

45. Nagar Nigam (in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh,
Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, and
Haryana),
Nagara Nigama (in Punjab),
Mahanagar Palika (in Goa and Maharashtra),
Mahanagara Palike (in Karnataka),
Mahanagar Seva Sadan (in Gujarat),
Pouro Nigom (in Assam),
Mahānagara Pālikā (in Odisha),

46. Pouro Nigam (in West Bengal), Pur Porishod
(in Tripura),
Nagar Palika Nigam (in Chhattisgarh and
Madhya Pradesh),
Nagara Paalaka Samstha or Mahaanagara
Paalaka Samstha (in Andhra Pradesh and
Telangana),
Nagara Sabha (in Kerala) and Maanagaraatchi
(in Tamil Nadu)

47. Thiruvananthapuram
Kollam
Kochi
Thrissur
Kozhikkode
Kannur

48. A municipality is a local government entity
responsible for the administration of urban
areas such as cities, towns, or villages.

49. Structure and Composition
Municipal Council:
The governing body of the municipality.
Composed of elected representatives
(councilors) from different wards or
constituencies within the municipal area.
Chairperson/President:
The head of the municipal council.
Elected from among the council members.
Represents the municipality and presides over
council meetings.

50. Municipal Commissioner/Chief Municipal
Officer:
The executive head of the municipality.
Responsible for the implementation of council
decisions and day-to-day administration.
Appointed by the state government.

51. Functions and Responsibilities
Urban Planning and Land Use:
Preparing and implementing development plans.
Regulating land use and building construction.
Public Health and Sanitation:
Managing waste collection, disposal, and
sanitation services.
Running public health campaigns and managing
municipal health facilities.

52. Water Supply and Drainage:
Providing safe drinking water to residents.
Maintaining drainage systems and preventing
waterlogging.
Infrastructure Development:
Building and maintaining roads, bridges, parks,
and public buildings.
Ensuring the development and maintenance of
urban infrastructure.

53. Education:
Establishing and managing municipal schools
and educational institutions.
Implementing educational programs and
literacy campaigns.
Social Welfare and Public Amenities:
Providing amenities like street lighting, public
toilets, and recreational facilities.
Running welfare programs for disadvantaged
sections of society.

54. Fire and Emergency Services:
Providing fire protection and emergency
response services.
Managing disaster response and preparedness
programs.
Regulation and Licensing:
Issuing licenses for businesses, trades, and
other activities.
Enforcing municipal bylaws and regulations.

55. Sources of Revenue
Fees for services like water
supply, sanitation, and parking.
Financial assistance from the
state and central governments for specific
projects.
Borrowing from financial institutions for
infrastructure projects.
Including advertisement
tax, entertainment tax, and building permit fees.

56. Recent Trends and Initiatives
An initiative by the
Government of India to promote sustainable
and inclusive urban development.
A national campaign to
clean streets, roads, and infrastructure of cities,
towns, and rural areas.
Focuses on
infrastructure development and service delivery
in urban areas.

60. HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN INDIA
Central
States
Districts
Panchayat raj

61. CENTRAL
Health system at national level
A. The union ministry of health & family
welfare.
B. The directorate general of health
services.
C. The central council of health & family
welfare.

62. The union ministry of health &
family welfare.
Dept of Health.
Dept o f F.W.
Dept. of AYUSH

63. Organization of Union ministry
of health and family welfare.
•Headed by a Cabinet Minister, a Minister
of State, a Deputy Minister
•Ministry has Dept. of Health and Dept. of
Family Welfare
•Each department is headed by a
Secretary and assisted by Joint Secretary,
Deputy Secretary, Assistant Secretary and
a large no. of administrative staffs.

65. THE UNION MINISTRY OF
HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE
•Organization: -Headed by a cabinet
minister, a minister of state, a deputy
health minister .
–Departments of health.
–Departments of family welfare.
–Department of AYUSH

66. DEPARTMENTS OF HEALTH.
•Administrativelevel.
Healthdepartmentsheadedbya
secretarytothegovernmentofIndiaas
itsexecutivehead,assistedbythejoint
secretaries,undersecretary,deputy
secretaries&largeadministrative
staffs.

67. Cont..
•FamilyWelfaredepthasa
Commissioner, two deputy
commissionerandsixregional
directors,inadditiontoabovestaff

68. Cont…
•The central administration provides
co-ordination and direction to a
network of state health ministries for
actual implementation.

69. FUNCTIONS OF DOH
•Functions: -The functions of union
health ministry are set out in the
seventh schedule of article 246 of the
constitution of India under
•(a) Union list &
•(b) Concurrent list.

70. GENERAL FUNCTIONS
•Planning,co-ordinationand
evaluationofmedicalandpublic
healthmatters,includingdrug
controlandpreventionoffood
adulteration.

71. Cont…
•Health related activities, including
various immunization campaigns.

72. Cont…
•Control over various health bodies
including National Aids Control
Organization (NACO), National Health
Programmes, Medical Education &
Training, and International
Cooperation in relation to health..

73. Cont…
•Administers the Hospital Services
Consultancy Corporation

74. UNION LIST
•International health relations and
administration of post quarantine.
•Administration of central institutions
of health like
All India institute of hygiene and
public health, Kolkata.
All India institute of medical
science, Delhi etc .

75. •The All India Institute of Medical
Sciences (AIIMSs)
•AIIMS New Delhi, the fore-runner
parent excellence institution was
established in 1956.

76. Cont..
•Immigration and emigration.
•Regulation and control of workers in
areas like mines and petroleum.
•Coordination between state and central
ministries for best health care.

77. Cont..
•Encouragement for research.
•Development and regulation of
nursing, dentistry, pharmacology and
medical profession.
•Establishing and maintaining
standards related to drugs
•Collection and publishing of census
and other demographic data.

78. Concurrent list
•Control of spread of communicable
disease from one place to another.
•Prevention of adulteration of food
items.
•Control over drugs and poisons
•Functions related to vital statistics

79. Cont..
–Vital statistics.
–Labor welfare.
–Ports other than major.
–Economic & social planning.
–Population control & family
planning.

80. DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY &
WELFARE
•Departmentoffamilywelfarewas
createdin1966withintheministryof
health&familywelfare.

81. Organization.
•Headed by secretary (FW) to the Govt.
Of India , Union ministry of health and
family welfare.
•Supported by a team of two joint
secretaries.
•2 Chief directors.
•Deputy directors, deputy
commissioners.
•Directors
•Technical and administrative staffs.

82. Cont…
•Policy Formulation, Statistics,
Planning, Autonomous Bodies and
Subordinate Offices.
•Supply of Contraceptives.

83. Cont…
•International Assistance for Family
Welfare and Urban Health Services.
•Administration and Finance for the
Departments of Health, Family Welfare.

84. Department of AYUSH:
•Previously ISM-H department,1995.
•2003 November renamed as Department
of AYUSH:

85. FUNCTIONS OF DEPARTMENT OF
AYUSH:
•Upgradetheeducationalstandardsin
theIndianSystemsofMedicinesand
Homoeopathycollegesinthecountry;
•Strengthen existingresearch
institutionsandensureatime-bound
researchprogrammeonidentified
diseasesforwhichthesesystemshave
aneffectivetreatment;

86. Cont…
•Draw upschemes for promotion,
cultivation and regeneration of
medicinal plants used in these systems;

87. DIRECTOR-Principle advisor to union government
Medical Public Health
matters.
ORGANISATION :
Deputies & other administrative staff.
assisted by

88. Cont…
•AssistedbyAdditionalDirector-
Generalofhealthservices,ateamof
doctorsandlargeadministrativestaff.

89. Cont….
It comprises of 3 main units
•Medical care and hospitals
•Public heath
•General administration

90. FUNCTIONS –
General:Surveys,planning,co-ordination,
programming&appraisalofhealth
matters.

91. Objective
•Upgradetheeducationalstandardsinthe
IndiansystemofMedicineand
homeopathycollegesinIndia.
•Strengthenexistingresearchinstitution.
Promotingcultivation&regenerationof
medicinalplants.
•Creatingandspreadingawarenessby
effectivecommunicationstrategiesto
reachallsectionsofpeople

92. •TheinfrastructureunderAYUSHsectorcontains
1,335hospitalswith53,296bedcapacity,22,635
dispensaries,450UGcolleges,99college
havingPGdepartments,9,493licensed
Manufacturingunits

93. CBHI
1961 -present
New Delhi

94. •Established in 1961, Central Bureau of
Health Intelligence (CBHI)
•National nodal Institute in CBHI
headquarter is located at Nirman
Bhavan, New Delhi.

95. •It has Six Health Information Field
Survey Units (FSUs) located in
different Regional Offices of Health
and Family Welfare (ROHFW) of GOI

96. CBHI is headed byDirector, has four
divisions viz.
•(i)Policy & Infrastructure –headed
by a Joint Director
•(ii)Training, Collaboration &
Research–headed by a Joint Director
•(iii)Information & Evaluation –
headed by a Joint Director and
•(iv)Administration–headed by
Director / Deputy Director
Administration
•
•

97. NML
•National Medical Library Is
established on April 1, 1966 by the
•It is located in Ansari Nagar,New
Delhi.
•It aims to provide library and
information services to the health
science professionals in India. It
functions under the administrative
control of the DGHS.

98. CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HEALTH
•Setupon9
th
August1952
•Article263
•Forpromotingcoordinatedand
concertedactionbetweenthecentre
andthestatesintheimplementationof
alltheprogrammesandmeasures
pertainingtothehealthofthenation.

99. CONT….
Functions of CCH
Preparing proposals for making laws
in areas of medicine and health.
Making plans for development of
health in entire nation.
Proposing suitable legislation in public
health matters.

100. Cont…
Promotingco-operationbetween
healthorganizationandatcentraland
statelevel.
Formulatesbroadpolicyand
programme.
Co-operationbetweencentreand
state.

101. Cont…
•Preparingrecommendationsfor
providinggrantsandfinancial
assistancetostateformedicalservices
andalsoreviewtheactivitiesinthe
lightofgrantsprovided

102. STATE LIST
•Stateistheultimateauthorityforallthe
healthservicesoperatingwithinits
jurisdiction.
•Thestatelistwhichbecamethe
responsibilityofthestateincluded,
provisionofmedicalcare,preventive
healthservices,andpilgrimageswithin
thestate.

103. HEALTH ORGANIZATION AT
STATE LEVEL
Atpresentthereare28statesin
India&8unionterritories
Witheachstatehavingitsownhealth
administration.
Inallthestatesthemanagementsector
comprisesthestateministryofhealth
&adirectorateofhealth.

105. Health Administration at State level
-State list
-Mainly Medical care, preventive
health services and pilgrimages within
the state.

106. State ministry of health
•The state ministry of health is headed
by a minister of health & family
welfare & deputy minister of health &
family welfare. In some states the
health minister is also in charge of
portfolios.

107. CONT…
•Minister is also guided by an Advisory
Council, Technical Advisory
Committees, Ad hoc Committees.
•Dept of Health deals with
administration, budget, finance and
makes or approves policies.
•Professional and technical Divisions
are represented by State Health
Directors and Medical Directors.

108. FUNCTIONS OF HEALTH
SECRETARIATE
•Formulation, review and modification
of broad policy outlines.
•Execution of policies, programmes.
•Co ordination
•Control for smooth and efficient
functioning of the administrative
machinery.

109. State health directorate
•In state, State Health Directorate takes
responsibilities of health services,
technical services, execution of health
policies and programmes and
evaluation
•Chief of health directorate is director
who is assisted by additional director,
joint director and deputy director

110. •The directory of health services known in
some states as directory of medical & health
services

111. CONT…
•Director gives technical advices to
State Health Ministry and Govt on
matters related to health, family
welfare, public health, family planning
etc

112. Functions of State Health
Directorate
•Planningfor health services in the state
•Implementation of national health
programmesand evaluating their
achievements
•Providing all types of health services in
state
•Controllingfood adulteration and also
sanitation in milk and edibles

113. •Collectionofvitalstatistics
•Encouragingreproductiveandchild
health
•Improvementofnutritionprogramme
andmedicaleducation
•Trainingofnurses,femalehealth
workersandotherhealthworkers
•Controllingruralandurbanhealth
servicesthroughdistrictmedical
officer.

114. •Providing feedback to state health
ministry regarding health
•Followingdirectives of union ministry
of health/state health ministry

116. DISTRICT LEVEL
District: An Administrative unit
Defined Geographical boundary and Population

117. CONT…
Peripheralmost Planning unit
A self contained segment of National Health
System
Middle level management organisation
Link between state as well as regional
structure on one side and peripheral level
structure has CHC, PHC, Sub centre on
other side

118. District level
•District. District collector
•2-3 sub divisions Sub collector
•Tehsils or taluks Tehsildar
•village

119. •14districts
•78taluks
•52communitydevelopmentblocks
•941Grampanchayats
•06corporationsand87municipalities.

120. Health Organization at District Level
•District health organization is headed by
chief medical officer of health [ CMOH],
who is Director of health services at
district
•CMOH is Assisted by one or two Deputy
CMOH
•Assisted by District Family Welfare
Officer [ DFWO], District Health Officer
[DHO], District Malaria Officer [DMO]

121. •D.H.Oisin-chargeofallhealth
administrationandallNationalHealth
Programmesimplementedinthedistrict
exceptFamilyWelfareProgramme

122. •No special organizational structure for
nursing services
•Post of joint director and deputy director
for nursing service is under the state
directorate of health
•In some state at district level, there is a
post of District Public Health Nurse
[DPHN]

123. •Districtofficerwithoverallcontrolis
designatedasCMHO (ChiefMedical
HealthOfficers(CMHOs)Or
DMHO (DistrictMedicalandHealth
Officer).Technicalhead
•Sub-divisional/Talukalevel-At the Taluka
level, health care services are rendered
through the office of Assistant District
Health and Family Welfare Officer (ADHO)
.

125. ADMINISTRATION OF DISTRICT
LEVEL
District collector
Assistant collector
Chief medical officer
District health officer
District family planning officer
District malaria control Officer
District T.B.control Officer
District leprosy control Officer

126. . The urban areas of the district are
organized
•Town area sanitary committees-(in areas
with population ranging between 5,000-
10,000).
•Municipal boards-(in areas with
population ranging between 10,000-2
lakhs).
•Corporations-with population above 2
lakhs.

127. Functions of District Health System
•Liaison between Field units & Headquarter
•Field reports
•Inspections
•Meetings
•Implementationof Policy & Programs
•District level planning & Action Plans
•Rationale use of Finance & Resources
•Communication Management
•Plans/Schedules/Progress/Problems
•Control & Monitoring

128. Health administration at Rural level 3-tier
structure
Primary care
Secondary Care
Tertiary care

129. Levels of Health Care in India
Health Care services have 3 levels –
1.Primary
First level of contact, where essential health
care is provided by PHCs and SCs.
2. Secondary
For treatment of complex problems through
district hospital and community health
centers.
3. Tertiary
Highly specialized health care through
medical college hospitals, AIMS, Regional
Hospitals, Specialized Hospitals and other
Apex institutes.

130. RURAL HEALTH CARE SYSTEM
Sub Centre (SC)
Most peripheral contact point between Primary Health Care System &
Community manned with one MPW(F)/ANM & one MPW(M)
Primary Health Centre (PHC)
A Referral Unit for 6 Sub Centers 4-6 bedded manned with a Medical
Officer In charge and 14 subordinate paramedical staff
Community Health Centre (CHC)
A 30 bedded Hospital/Referral Unit for 4 PHCs with Specialized
services

131. At communitylevel
Centre Population Norms
Plain Area Hilly/Tribal/Diffic
ult Area
Community
Health Centre
1,20,000 80,000
Primary Health
Centre
30,000 20,000
Sub-Centre 5000 3000