Panchayat Raj institution

This power point presentation describe about the panchayat Raj institution in India

1. NAME: MONIKA SEMESTER: VI CU ROLL NO: 192222-11-0118 CU REGISTRATION NO: 222-1211-0140-19 COLLEGE ROLL NO: 419 EMAIL ID: [email protected] PHONE NO: 9588011677 COURSE: CC14 Administration and Public Policy in India TOPIC: 73 rd and 74 th amendment act MENTOR: PROF. TAPAS BARMAN KHUDIRAM BOSE CENTRAL COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE TUTORIAL ASSIGNMENT

2. INTRODUCTION When the panchayat raj is established, public opinion will do what violence can never do.   — Mahatma Gandhi Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) is a system of  rural local self-government  in India. Local Self Government is the management of local affairs by such local bodies who have been  elected by the local people . PRI was constitutionalized through the  73 rd  Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992  to build democracy at the grass roots level and was entrusted with the task of rural development in the country. In its present form and structure  PRI has completed 26 years of existence . However, a lot remains to be done in order to further decentralization and strengthen democracy at the grass root level . 2

3. RURAL LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT PART 9 Local Government – It is the government at district level and below.it is a government closest to people and thus local people can very well interact with this local government and raise their concern and them find the solution to their local problems locally and thus it becomes a model of self governance. 3

4. SALIENT FEATURES OF 73RD AMENDMENT 4 The 73rd amendment to the Constitution enacted in 1992 made statutory provisions for the establishment, empowerment and functioning of Panchayati Raj institutions. The salient features are: creation of a three-tier Panchayati Raj Structure at the Zila, Block and Village levels; almost all posts, at all levels to be filled by direct elections; minimum age for contesting elections to the Panchayati Raj institutions be twenty-one years; the post of Chairman at the Zila and Block levels should be filled by indirect election; there should be reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes/ Scheduled Tribes in Panchayats, in proportion to their population, and for women in Panchayats up to one-third seats

5. THREE-TIER STRUCTURE OF PANCHAYATI RAJ (i) Panchayats at Village Level: This is the basic or grassroots level of Panchayati raj. The panchayat for a village or a group of villages includes: (a) Gram Sabha, the symbol of direct democracy (b) Gram Panchayat and (c) Nyaya Panchayat (ii) Panchayat Samiti: In Panchayat Samiti, some members are directly elected. Sarpanchs of gram panchayats are ex-officio members of Panchayat Samitis. However, all the sarpanchs of Gram Panchayats are not members of Panchayat Samitis at the same time. (iii) Zila Parishad: Chairpersons of Panchayat Samitis are ex-officio members of Zila Parishads. Members of Parliament, Legislative Assemblies and Councils belonging to the districts are also nominated members of Zila Parishads. 5

6. COMMITTEES Balwant Rai Mehta Committee Ashok Mehta Committee G V Rao Committee L M Singhvi Committee 6

7. URBAN LOCAL BODIES PART 9A 7 12 TH schedule has 18 subjects to be executed by urban local government. The commonly found structures of urban local government as discussed by 74 th Amendment act are: Municipal corporation: it is a form of urban local government found in bigger urban areas. Municipal corporation broadly has got two wings i.e. (a) deliberative wing (b) executive wing Municipal council: it is found as a type urban local government found in smaller urban areas having structure same as corporation. Corporation interacts with the state government through directorate of urban affairs. Nagar panchayat: it is also known as down area council or notified area council. It is a form of urban local government found in areas which are intermediate in nature i.e. satisfying with criteria but still other features are rural.

8. 8 TWELFTH SCHEDULE Following 18 functional items placed within the purview of municipalities: Urban planning including town planning; Regulation of land use and construction of buildings; Planning for economic and social development; Roads and bridges; Water supply for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes; Public health, sanitation, conservancy and solid waste management; Fire services; Urban forestry, protection of the environment and promotion of ecological aspects; Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society, including the handicapped and mentally retarded; Slum improvement and upgradation; Urban poverty alleviation; Provision of urban amenities and facilities such as parks, gardens, playgrounds; Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects; Burials and burial grounds, cremations and cremation grounds and electric crematoriums; Cattle ponds, prevention of cruelty to animals; Vital statistics including registration of births and deaths; Public amenities including street lighting, parking lots, bus stops and public conveniences; and Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries.

9. 74 th AMENDMENT ACT 1992 IN INDIA . The constitution 74th Amendment Act 1992, relating to Municipalities (Urban local Government) was passed by the parliament in 1992. It received the assent of the president of India on 20th April 1993. The Act seeks to provide a common framework for the structure and mandate of urban local bodies to enable them to function as effective democratic units of local Self Government. Government of India notified 1st June 1993 as the date from which the 74th Amendment Act came into force. The Act provided for a period of one year from the date of its commencement, within which the then existing municipal laws (which were in force at that time In states/union territories) were required to be changed/amended/modified in order to bring them in conformity with the provisions of the constitution (74th Amendment) Act—1992. 9

10. FEATURES OF 74 TH AMENDMENT ACT 10 Composition of Municipalities. (A) Constitution of wards committees. (B) Reservation of seats. (C) Fixed duration of Municipalities. (D) Power, Authority and responsibilities of Municipalities. (E) Appointment of State Election Commission. (F) Appointment of State Finance Commission. (G) Constitution of Metropolitan and District Planning Committees.

11. 11 The constitution 73rd and 74th Amendment Acts have made a hold attempt to ensure their continuity, stability, representativeness and autonomy to function as valuable systems of self governance . CONCLUSION

12. BIBLIOGRAPHY https://www.nios.ac.in/media/documents/srsec317newE/317EL16.pdf Ias vision https://cbpbu.ac.in/userfiles/file/2020/STUDY_MAT/POL_SC/73rd%20and%2074th-converted.pdf https://prepp.in/news/e-492-74th-constitutional-amendment-act-indian-polity-upsc-notes 12

13. THANK YOU! A PRESENTATION BY MONIKA