paper chromatography. The topic covered by definition of paper chromatography and pricinple, procedure,types, advantage and disadvantage

Paper chromatography (pc) is a type of planar chromatography where by chromatography procedures are run on specialized paper.

▪ Paper chromatography is considered to be the simplest and most widely
used of the chromatographic techniques because of it’s applicability to
isolation, identification and quantitative determination of organic and
inorganic compounds.

▪ It was first introduced by German scientist Christian Friedrich schonbein(1865)

1. PAPER
CHROMATOGRAPHY

2. SYNOPSIS;
▪What is paper chromatography
▪Instrumentation of paper chromatography
▪Diagram of paper chromatography
▪Types of paper chromatography
▪Principal of paper chromatography
▪Procedure of paper chromatography
▪Techniques of paper chromatography
▪Advantages of paper chromatography
▪Disadvantages of paper chromatography
▪Applications of paper chromatography
▪Reffrencess of paper chromatography

3. WHAT IS PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY?
▪Paper chromatography (pc) is a type of planar chromatography where by
chromatography procedures are run on specialized paper.
▪Paper chromatography is considered to be the slimplest and most widely
used of the chromatographic techniques because of it’s applicability to
isolation, identification and quantitative determination of organic and
inorganic compounds.
▪It was first introduced by German scientist Christian Friedrich schonbein
(1865).

4. INSTRUMENTATION OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
▪Stationary phase and papers
▪Paper chromatography mobile phase
▪Chromatographic chamber

5. DIAGRAM OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY

6. TYPES OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
▪There are two types of paper
chromatography
▪paper adsorption chromatography
▪It’s liquid-solid chromatography
▪Paper partition chromatography
▪It’s liquid-liquid chromatography

7. PRINCIPAL OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
▪The principal of separation is mainly partition rather than adsorption.
▪Substances are distributed between a stationary phase and a mobile phase.
▪Moisture which acts as a stationary phase.
▪Organic solvent/buffer are used as a mobile phase.
▪The developing solution travels up the stationary phase carrying the sample with it.
▪Components of the sample will separate readily according to how strongly they
adsorb onto the stationary phase versus how readily they dissolve in the mobile
phase

8. PROCEDURE OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
▪Chromatographic paper of appropriate size and shape is selected.
▪A drop of test solution is applied as a small spot on a paper and the spot is
dried.
▪Mobile phase is kept in chamber.
▪The paper is placed in the chamber is such way that the lower edge of the
paper is diapped into a solvent (mobile phase)
▪Solvent will raise through the paper by capillary action and it reaches the
spot of the test solution.
▪Then various sample components are moved the paper is taken out of the
chamber and dried.
▪Various spots are visualizaed by suitable reagents.
▪Rf values are calculated for each component of sample.

9. FROMULA OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY

10. TECHNIQUES OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Ascending chromatography
▪Ascending chromatography
Descending chromatography

11. TECHNIQUESOFPAPERCHROMATOGRAPHY
Radial chromatography

12. ADVANTAGES OF PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY
▪Paperchromatography is a less expensive and easy compared to other
chromatography methods.
▪It’s requires very less amount of sample.
▪Both unknown inorganic as well as compounds can be identified by paper
chromatography method.

13. DISADVANTAGESOFPAPER
CHROMATOGRAPHY
▪Large quantity of sample cannot be applied on paper chromatography and it
requires more time for separation.
▪It is generally used for quantitative analysis
▪Complex mixtures cannot be separated by paper chromatography.

14. APPLICATIONS OF PAPER
CHROMATOGRAPHY
▪Preferred for analysis of polar compounds such as amino acids, sugars,
natural products
▪Separation and analysis of plant extracts.
▪Separation of vitamins, proteins and antibiotics.

15. REFERENCES
▪Instrumental methods of chemical analysis by Dr.b.k.sharma Retd.principle&Head.
▪https://www.studocu.com/in/document/jamia-millia-islamia/techniques-in-
biology/paper-chromatography-and-its-principles-instrumentations-applications-
procedure-and-advantages-and-disadvantages/19604327
▪https://microbenotes.com/paper-chromatography/
▪44095-14-upahyay biophysical chemistry text book.

16. G.ABINAYA.
I.B.SC.MICROBIOLOGY