PARATHYROID HORMONE action mechanism mode of action

Para thyroid hormone

1. Welcome

2. My Grandmother

3. Parathyroid Hormone

4. Presented by: Abdullah Al Maruf (16) Tanjina Sultana(18) Anika Afrin (15) Faiza Rahman Oishe (12) Mst . Mili Akter (11) Rajiya Sultana (16)

5. It’s a hormone produced by parathyroid glands. These glands are located behind the thyroid gland in the neck. Regulates the serum calcium concentration. Also called parathormone or parathrynin . INTRODUCTION TO PARATHYROID HORMONE

6. Regulate phosphate and bicarbonate excretion in kidney tubules. Maintenance of serum calcium and it’s regulation. Regulates reabsorption of calcium from glomerular filtrate. Regulates release of calcium FUNCTIONS OF PARATHYROID HORMONE

7. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW ABOUT THIS HORMONE?

8. DISCUSSION TOPIC: Structure and Synthesis S ecretion and t ransportation Mechanism of Action Regulation Pathophysiology

9. Structure & Synthesis

10. Figure: Structure of Parathyroid Hormone Structure

11. Figure: Biosynthesis of Parathyroid H ormone 1.DNA synthesis and cell division 2.Transcription 3.RNA processing 4.Translation 5.Post-transational processing 6.Storage 7.Degradation 8.Secretion Structure & Synthesis

12. Secretion and Transportation

13. Figure: Secretion and Transportation

14. Secretion and transportation: Secreted from parathyroid gland Low calcium level stimulate hormonal release High calcium level perevent hormonal release & Acts on bone, kidney & intestine

15. Mechanisms of action

16. Figure: Mechanisms of Action

17. Mechanisms of action On bone : Acts to increase degradation of bone to release calcium Stimulate osteoblast to release cytokines On kidney : Acts on kidney to increase calcium reabsorption On Intestine: Also acts on intestine indirectly

18. Regulation

19. Increase blood calcium level than normal level Thyroid gland to release calcitonin Calcitonin inhibits action of osteoclasts Inhibit bone resorption Decrease calcium release Decrease blood calcium level Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin Regulation Increase blood calcium level than normal level Parathyroid glad to release parathormone Parathormone stimulate osteoclasts Bone resorption Increase release of calcium into blood Increase blood calcium level

20. Pathophysiology

21. Causes: Overproduction of parathyroid hormone, elevated calcium level in blood Hyperparathyroidism Symptoms: Bone pain, muscle weakness , long bone fractures, kidney stone Treatment: Optimize the levels of serum and phosphate ions, control of PTH and vitamin D

22. Pathophysiology Causes: Insufficient production of PTH, low calcium level in blood Treatment: Daily calcium and vitamin D supplements Symptoms: Decrease calcium ions level in blood, sensitive nerves, uncontrollable spasms of limbs Hypoparathyroidism

23. Causes: Decreasing of bone mineral density and bone mass decreases Symptoms: Bone pain or tenderness of neck or lower back pain due to fractures Treatment: Bisphosphonates, Vitamin D Osteoporosis

24. Any questions?