Parboiled rice metabolism improves glycemic response of diabetic individuals

Parboiled rice is rice that has been partially boiled in the husk.

1. Parboiled rice metabolism improves glycemic response of diabetic individuals Abdul Rahman Ramdzan P92524 1

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3. Highlights Parboiled rice was equally beneficial in lowering blood glucose response in healthy and people with type 2 diabetes . The pattern of blood glucose lowering effect of parboiled rice differed in healthy people from those with type 2 diabetes . Brown rice was found similar to white rice in its postprandial glycemic effect in both and people with type 2 diabetes healthy. 3

4. Background White rice is a popular staple food; however, its high glycemic effect makes it an unfavorable choice for the people with type II diabetes. 4

5. Objective The objective of the study was to determine the effect of PBR on the pattern of blood glucose concentration in type II diabetics compared with both non-parboiled WR and BR. The study hypothesized that consumption of parboiled rice (PBR) will reduce postprandial blood glucose concentration similarly to brown rice (BR) in diabetic people compared to white rice (WR ). 5

6. Parboiled rice   is   rice  that has been  partially boiled  in the  husk . The three basic steps of parboiling are soaking, steaming and drying. These steps also make rice easier to process by hand, boost its nutritional profile and change its texture. About 50% of the world’s paddy production is parboiled. Rice is easier to polish by hand (removal of the  bran  layer) after parboiling but mechanical processing is harder since the bran becomes somewhat oily and tends to clog machinery. Most parboiled rice is milled in the same way as  white rice Parboiling drives  nutrients , especially  thiamin , from the bran to the endosperm, hence parboiled white rice is 80% nutritionally similar to  brown rice . 6

7. Methodology Fifteen non-insulin dependent type II diabetic adult patients were selected randomly recruited on a volunteer basis from Al- Jabriya Clinic out-patient clinic in the Ministry of Health Kuwait . Subjects were randomly given 50 grams of available carbohydrate from PBR, WR, or BR. Blood glucose was measured at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after ingesting the rice samples . 7

8. Study design A single-blinded experimental design. Subjects received either PBR, WR or BR after an overnight fast of 8-10 hours, with at least a one week washout period between the test days. The size of rice samples served was equivalent to 50 g of available carbohydrates . The samples were ingested within 10-12 minutes together with 250 ml of water . No physical activity & additional water was allowed throughout the 120 minutes duration of the test. 8

9. Measurement Blood glucose measurements were determined by a finger prick method using the OneTouch® Ultra® 2 portable blood glucometer (USA), at and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the consumption of the rice. 9

10. Results: Of the 15 diabetic subjects, 9 were females with a mean age of 32.53 ± 1.87 years and body mass index of 31.05 ± 1.66 kgm-2 6 males with a mean age of 39.73 ± 1.79 years and body mass index of 33.6 ± 1.02 kgm-2 The postprandial blood glucose responses were significantly among the diabetic subjects after the three rice samples. The area under the curve for the blood glucose response reduced 35% after the PBR in diabetic subjects. 10

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