Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement.pdf

Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

1. Partition of Bengal
Shoaib M. Tantray
and Swadeshi Movement

2. "Real Awakening in India
took place only after the
Partition of Bengal."
-M. K. Gandhi

3. Partition:
West Bengal & East Bengal.
Partition of Bengal (1905)
Announced:
7th July, 1905 by Viceroy Curzon.
Implemented:
16th October, 1905
Partition divided the Hindus
and Muslims of Bengal.
New province of East Bengal
and Assam include:
* Whole of Assam
* Whole Dacca
* Rajshahi division
* Chittagong division

4. Partition of Bengal (1905)

5. Effects:
Anti-partition agitation.
Swadeshi Movement.
Provided spark for the rise
of extremism in Indian
National Movement.
Formation of Muslim
League (1906).
Partition of Bengal (1905)
Official Reason of Partition:
Bengal was too big to be
administered.
Curzon's Real Motives:
To break Bengali Nationalism.
To divide Hindus and Muslims.
To show the power of British
Govt.

6. Partition of Bengal (1905)
Reunification:
Bengal was reunified in 1911.
By Viceroy Hardinge at
Delhi Durbar.
New Partition:
Based on language.
Hindi, Oriya & Assamese.
Provinces:
- Bihar
- Orissa
- Assam
Delhi Durbar, 1911

7. Partition of Bengal (1905)

8. Swadeshi Movement
Anti-partition movement culminated into Swadeshi
Movement.
1st time when women also
participated actively in the
movement.
1st Mass Movement in the history of India's struggle for
independence.
Peasants and Industrialists did
NOT participate.

9. Swadeshi Movement
It was both POLITICAL and ECONOMIC movement.
Boycott of:
Govt service, courts, schools, colleges.
Foreighn goods, foreign paper etc.
Promotion of:
Swadeshi Goods
National Education
Agenda:

10. Swadeshi Movement
Tilak, Lajpat, Bipin, Ghosh were imprisoned.
Passed several acts.
Swadeshi volunters were beaten.
"Bande Mataram" was forbidden.
Schools and colleges were warned.
Govt's Measures:

11. Swadeshi Movement
Benaras.
President: GK Gokhale.
Support anti-partition
movement.
Did NOT support the extreme
tactics of boycott.
Tilak & others decided to work
as a faction within the
congress itself.
INC Session 1905:
Movement to be
taken outside
Bengal.
Full-fledged
political struggle.
Goal of attaining
Swaraj.
Wants of Extremists:

12. Swadeshi Movement
Calcutta.
President: Dadabai Naoroji.
Swaraj was mentioned for the 1st time.
"Swaraj Resolution" was passed.
"Boycott" was accepted.
Moderates wanted "Swaraj" to be achieved through
constitutional methods.
INC Session 1906:

13. Swadeshi Movement
Surat.
President: Ras Behari Ghosh.
Split in INC.
Extremists came out of INC. (Led by Tilak & others).
INC Session 1907 (Surat Split):

14. Swadeshi Movement
By 1908, the movement was rendered leaderless.
Leaders were arrested.
Severe govt repressions.
Surat Split (1907) did much harm to the movement.
Movement failed to reach the rural masses.
Difficult to sustain mass-based movement at a high
pitch for too long.
Decline:

15. Swadeshi Movement
Started by INC: NO
Supported by INC: YES
INC official supported
the extreme tactics of extremists: NO