Parts of System Unit

Grade 9 - PNHS

1. System Unit

2. SYSTEM UNIT   One of the basic components of a computer which contains all of the main parts of it. It houses the internal components of the computer such us motherboard, CPU, RAM and others.

3. PARTS OF A SYTEM UNIT

4. POWER SUPPLY (Power Supply Unit/PSU) The component that supplies power to a  computer . Most  personal computers can be plugged into standard electrical outlets. The power supply then pulls the required amount of electricity and converts the AC current to DC current. It regulates the voltage to eliminate spikes and surges common in most electrical systems. 

5. POWER SUPPLY (Power Supply Unit/PSU) The component that supplies power to a  computer . Most  personal computers can be plugged into standard electrical outlets. The power supply then pulls the required amount of electricity and converts the AC current to DC current. It regulates the voltage to eliminate spikes and surges common in most electrical systems. 

6. 20 ATX pin connector  - connects the power supply to a particular motherboard. ATX motherboards are attached with 20 or 24 pin connectors. CPU connector  - used to connect power supplies to motherboards with on board computer processing units (CPUs). These are either 4 ("P4") or 8 pin connectors. Molex connector  - the IDE connector that connects to hard drives and CD ROM drives. Most computer power supplies include at least one of these connectors. Floppy connector  - 4 pin connector used to supply power to floppy drives, card reader drives, and other similar devices. AUX connector  - a 6 pin connector that is a necessary connection for some computer motherboards. SATA connector  - connectors for devices using serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) interfaces, such as hard drives. PCI express connector  - used to connect to PCI express video cards, which receive power directly from the power supply rather than from the motherboard.

7. OPTICAL DISK DRIVE (CD or DVD ROM/ODD) A device that uses photo diodes to detect reflecting lights on optic discs . Uses laser to read or write data .

8. FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (Floppy Drive/FDD)   A disk drive that can read  and write  to floppy disks . A computer disk drive that enables a user to save data to removable diskettes.

9. HARD DISK DRIVE (Hard Drive/HDD) Main storage device used to store all the data permanently . Commonly, hard drives are permanently paced in an internal drive bay at the front of the system case. But nowadays, there are portable which use USB ports and cables for connection.

10. INTEGRATED DRIVE ELECTRONICS (IDE) Generally, it refers to the types of cables and ports used to connect some hard drives and optical drives to each other and to the motherboard. A standard type of connection for storage devices in a computer .

11. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM) Personal computer memory module. A piece of hardware that allows stored data to be accessed randomly. Its main function is to store the data temporarily.

12. O ften referred to as the  brain of the computer. Handles all instructions it receives from hardware and  software running on the computer. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

13. An electronic board or card added in a personal computer so the computer will have new functions . An expansion card is used to give a computer additional capabilities, such as enhanced video performance via a graphics card . EXPANSION CARD (Add-on or Interface Card)

14. A hard component use to generate and display the output images to a computer monitor. VIDEO CARD (Graphics Card/Display Adapter) TYPES: PCI – Peripheral Component Interconnect AGP – Accelerated Graphic Port

15. MOTHERBOARD A printed  circuit board that is the foundation of a computer , located at the bottom of the computer case. It allocates power to the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware  components. Most importantly, the motherboard allows hardware components to communicate with one another .

16. CPU SOCKET Holds the CPU Allows the processor to be connected to the motherboard. MEMORY SLOT A llows computer memory (RAM) to be inserted into the computer T here may be 2 to 4 memory slots  and are what determine the type of RAM used with the computer. 

17. CPU FAN AND HEAT SINK An electronic device that to keep the  processor cool BASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM A  chip located on all motherboards that allows you to access and set up your computer system at the most basic level COMPLEMENTARY METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR A n on-board, battery powered semiconductor chip inside computers that stores information which ranges from the system time and date to system hardware settings for your computer.

18. NORTHBRIDGE R esponsible for communications between the CPU interface , AGP , and the memory . SOUTHBRIDGE R esponsible for the hard drive controller , I/O controller and integrated hardware. Integrated hardware can include the sound card and video card if on the motherboard, USB, PCI,  IDE , BIOS, and Ethernet .

19. PCI SLOT Used by the computer to connect to peripheral add-on devices (LAN card, VGA card). AGP SLOT Is an advanced port designed for Video cards and 3D accelerators. ATX POWER CONNECTOR T he standard motherboard power connector. The holes on the power connector are keyed to ensure proper orientation when connecting the ATX power connector.

20. PRIMARY CONNECTOR (HDD) Used to connect the HDD to motherboard. SECONDARY CONNECTOR (ODD) Used to connect the ODD to motherboard . FDD CONNECTOR Used to connect the FDD to motherboard.

21. SUPER I/O (INPUT/OUTPUT) Handles the slower and less prominent input/output devices shown below FDD Controller Game Port Keyboard/Mouse Parallel and Serial Port CMOS CAPACITOR Stores the electrical energy and give this energy again to the circuit when necessary AUDIO CODEC Used to convert digital sound waves

22. BACK PANEL The portion of the motherboard that allows you to connect external devices such as your monitor, speakers, keyboard ,   mouse and others .