PATELLAR TENDONITIS.pptx for Biomedical and sciences

Health

1. PATELLAR TENDONITIS JUMPERS KNEE

2. DEFINATION: Patellar tendinitis is  inflammation  in the patellar tendon at the front of your knee. The patellar tendon connects your  kneecap (patella)  to the top of your  shin bone (tibia) . It works with your  quad muscle  to move your knee and lower leg. Patellar tendinitis, also known as jumper's knee, is most common in athletes whose sports involve frequent jumping — such as basketball and volleyball.

3. CLINICAL ANATOMY; The quadriceps muscles are connected to the inferior pole of the patella by the common quadriceps tendon through a sesmoid bone, the patella. The patellar ligament then connects the bottom of the patella to the tibial tuberosity. The force generated from the quadriceps muscles acts through the patellar as a pulley, causing the knee to extend [8]

4. PATELLOR TENDON ANATOMY:

5. 1- OVERUSE ENERGY 2-REPEATEDLY STRESS (JUMPING) (RUNNING) (SPRINTING) 3-SPORTS INJURY 4-WEAR AND TEAR 5-SUDDEN INJURY/FALL ETIOLOGY:

6. SYMPTOMS: Knee pain  at the front of your knee. Tenderness to even a light touch right below your pain kneecap. Stiffness (which may make it hard to bend or straighten your knee). Swelling Limited ROM . Over time, the pain worsens and starts to interfere with playing your sport Eventually, the pain interferes with daily movements such as climbing stairs or rising from a chair.

7. RISK FACTORS: Physical activity.  Running and jumping are most commonly associated with patellar tendinitis. Sudden increases in how hard or how often you engage in the activity also add stress to the tendon, as can changing your running shoes. Tight leg muscles.  Tight thigh muscles (quadriceps) and hamstrings, which run up the back of your thighs, can increase strain on your patellar tendon. Muscular imbalance.  If some muscles in your legs are much stronger than others, the stronger muscles could pull harder on your patellar tendon. This uneven pull could cause tendinitis. Chronic illness.  Some illnesses disrupt blood flow to the knee, which weakens the tendon. Examples include kidney failure, autoimmune diseases such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic diseases such as diabetes.

8. DIAGNOSIS AND INVESTIGATION: PHYSICAL EXAMINATION- 1-Assessment and evaluation 2-Observation 3-Palpation IMAGING STUDIES: Knee X-ray . MRI  (magnetic resonance imaging). Ultrasound .  

9. TREATMENT & MANAGEMENT: Rest:  Avoiding the motions or activities that caused the tendinitis will prevent more stress on your tendon. Icing:  Apply ice or a cold pack to your knee to reduce swelling. You can ice your knee a few times a day, 15 minutes at a time. Wrap ice packs in a thin towel or washcloth to avoid putting them directly on your skin. Elevation:  Keep your knee above the level of your heart as often as possible. If you’re lying down, you can prop your knee up on pillows or cushions. Medications:  Over-the-counter (OTC)  NSAIDs  reduce inflammation and relieve pain. Acetaminophen relieves pain but doesn’t manage inflammation. Don’t take these medications for more than 10 days in a row without talking to your provider.

10. PT MANAGEMENT; Rest and Activity Modification: Initially, resting from activities that aggravate the tendon is crucial, followed by a gradual return to activity with modifications like reducing intensity or duration of exercise.  Ice and Heat Therapy: Applying ice packs to the affected area can help reduce inflammation and pain, while heat therapy may be used later in the rehabilitation process to improve blood flow and flexibility. 

11. ELECTROTHERAPY: MODALITIES ARE GIVEN FOR REDUCING INFLAMMATION AND PAIN INCREASE HEALING PROCESS. 1-HOT/COLD THERAPY 2-ULTRASOUND 3- TENS 4-MUSCLE STIMULATOR 5-LONG WAVE DIATHERMY

12. Stretching Exercises: Quadriceps stretch  Hamstring stretch  Calf stretch  Strengthening Exercises: Straight leg raises  Isometric quad contractions (holding a muscle contraction without movement)  Wall sits  Terminal knee extensions 

13. THANK YOU