Patient Counselling in Various Common Diseases

Patient Counselling in Various Common Diseases.
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1. Patient Counselling in Various Common
Diseases .
Ms. Varsha.R.Wadnere[PD626]

2. What is Patient Counselling? Why it is Important?
•DEFINITION:
Patient counselling refers to the process of providing information, advice and assistance to help patients use their
medications appropriately. The information and advice is given by pharmacist.
▪Improved patient understanding of their health conditions, treatment options, and self-care strategies.
▪Increased patient adherence to medication regimens and treatment plans.
▪Enhanced patient empowermentand involvementin their own healthcare decisions.
▪Better managementof chronic conditions and preventionof complications.
▪Improved patient satisfactionand overall healthcare experience.
▪Reduced healthcare coststhrough preventionand proactive management.
▪Enhanced patient-provider communicationand trust.
▪Increased patient engagementand motivationfor positive behaviour change.
▪Improved health outcomes and quality of life for patients.
▪Enhanced continuity of careand long-term patient success.

3. •CONTENTS OF PATIENT COUNSELLING -
1. Disease counselling.
2. Drug name-Therapeutic classification and efficacy.
3. Medication use-benefits –actions .
4. The medication’s expected onset of action and what to do if the action does not occur.
5. ROA, D.form, dosage-duration of therapy.
6. Directions for fitting medication in their lifestyle.
7. Action to be taken in case of a missed dose.
8. Precautions to be observed during the medication’s use or administration e.g. Insulin.
9. Potential common and severe adverse effects that may occur, actions to prevent or minimize their occurrence.
10. Techniques for self-monitoring of the pharmacotherapy.
11. Potential drug interactions.
12. The medication’s relationships to radiologic and laboratory procedures.
13. Prescription refill authorizations and the process for obtaining refills.
14. Instructions for 24-hour access to a pharmacist.
15. Proper storage of the medical devices.
16. Proper disposal of contaminated or discontinued medications and used administration devices.
17. Any other information unique to an individual patient or medication.
18. Lifestyle changes.

4. NERVOUS SYSTEM -MIGRAINE HEADACHE.
Migraine is a type of headache characterized by recurrent attacks of moderate to severe throbbing and pulsating
pain on one side of the head.

5. 1.Avoid hot, spicy foods, fermented foods, animal products , alcohol, tea, caffeine white sugar, white flour products, and
sour or citrus Fruits. Because they aggravate the Pitta (acid) in your body.
2.Drink more water and eat more fibre, fruits and vegetables, and whole grains.
3.Avoid direct exposure to the sun, as migraine headaches are predominantly a Pitta disorder and can be triggered by the
hot sun.
4.Head massage with Manjisthadi taila and Balaaswgandhadi taila is also beneficial. This massage gives a calming effect
to nervous system.
5.Headaches caused due to tension and worry can be alleviated through deep breathing and relaxation.
Stress Management:
1. Simple yoga stretches and guided meditation practices can rectify the imbalances that cause the onset of migraine attacks.
2. Maintaining regular sleep timing and sleep for enough time (7-8 hours).
3. Regular morning walk for 10 minutes in fresh air increase oxygen supply to the brain and reduce the chances of migraine
attacks.
4. Enroll yourself into your hobbies.
5. A well-disciplined lifestyle can help you keep away from this severe situation.

6. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.

7. Avoid causative factors-Common allergens pet hair, pollen, mold, cold climate, dust, smoke, fire, sun etc.
-Synthetic fibres-polyester, rayon.
Arrest Allergen-
-Nasal drops-Three drops of Sesame oil
-Application of neem oil on the skin.
Commonly Used Ayurvedic Herbs-
Anti asthmatics & Broncholytics:
Vasa –Adhatodavasica
Bramhi-Bacopa monniera
Shallaki–Boswellia serrata
Haridra–Curcuma longa
Dugdhika-Euphorbia hirta
Ashwattha-Ficus religiosa
Tulasi--Ocimumsanctum
Kutki-Picorrhizakurroa
Pippali-Piper longum
Kantakari–Solanum xanthocarpum
Antitussive:
Shatavari–Asparagus racemosus

8. •Breathing Exercise-
-SukhaPranayama –Alternative nostril breathing –hay fever, wheezing, sneezing.
-BhastrikaPranayama –Congestion.
-Ujjayi Pranayama –Improve immunity.
•Yoga Postures-
-Surya Namaskar (Sun salutations) –Kapha,Vataproblems.
-Chandra Namaskar (Moon salutations) –Pitta problems.
•Viruddha Ahara-[Contradictory/Incompatible foods].
Avoid combination of:
-Milk with –Yogurt, fish, sour fruits, bread with yeast.
-Meat, Poultry with Diary products.
-Honey & Ghee in equal proportions.
-Corn with dates, raisins, bananas.
-(potato, tomato, eggplant) with yogurt, milk, melon, cucumber.
-Fruits, Melons with Starches, Grains.
e.g.: banana milk shakes, fruit smoothies

9. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM -DIABETES MELLITUS.
Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot
effectively use the insulin it produces.

10. •Accupressure-
Wrist point (Stress release), Palm point (Intestines), Toe point, Knees point (Arthritis), Knee point (Urinary point), Feet
point (Liver).
•Principal of eating and lifestyle-
1. The first and most important principal is to eat slowly after chewing and crushing the food quite thoroughly.
2. The second vitally important principle is to finish eating (dinner) at least two hours prior to sleeping time during night.
3. The third and the most important principle is:never eat more than 75 % of your capacity
4. Avoid drinking water while eating. Drink water after half an hour of eating.
5. Drink 10to 15glass of fresh water in 24 hours.
6. Do not eat fatty, fried and highly seasoned food.
7. Avoid pickles, chutney, sauces, tin food and sweets.
8. Eat only three times in a day.
9. Move your body i.e. exercise 30-45 minutes/day[ cardio exercise, muscle training, yoga].
10. Stop alcohol consumption and smoking.

11. Diet Plan for Patient with Diabetes Mellitus[I & II]-
Breakfast (7 to 9 A.M.)
1.. Lemon water with honey
2. Fruit juice -one cup of any seasonal fruit like orange, apple or pineapple, watermelon
3. Sprouts ¼ cup + Whole wheat bread or toast two pieces
Lunch (12 to 2 P.M.)
1. Salad (a mixture of cucumber, radish, lettuce, carrot etc. with salt, pepper and lemon).
2. Vegetable soup -one cup
3. 1 cup Rice/3 bread/ 2 chapati+ green leafy vegetables/Pulses sabzi.
{Non vegetarians can take fish orchicken breast(250g)}.
Dinner (6 to 8 P.M.)
Vegetable soup/Cereals & pulses stew + steamed vegetables.

12. DIGESTIVE DISEASE-GERD.
A digestive disease in which stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining.

13. 1. Eat sparingly and slowly.
2. Avoid certain foods-
mint, fatty foods, spicy food, tomatoes, onions, garlic, curd, coffee, tea, chocolate, alcohol, smoking, carbonated beverages, oily and rich gravies, sour, salty, foods.
3. Stay up after eating
4. Don't move too fast
5. Sleep on an incline
6. Check your medications-
Some —including postmenopausal estrogen, tricyclic antidepressants, and anti-inflammatory painkillers —can relax the sphincter, while others —particularly
bisphosphonates like alendronate (Fosamax), ibandronate (Boniva), or risedronate (Actonel), which are taken to increase bone density —can irritate the esophagus.
7. Try fasting or upvasa
8. Take meals in a relaxed atmosphere at regular intervals of time.
9.Incorporate any kind of physical activity and exercise.
10. Eating meals in small proportions can help you.
11. Excessive stress & worries should be managed.
12.Using some herbs and spices in your diets such as turmeric, cumin, fennel seeds, coriander, carom seeds, basil leaves and hing(asafoetida) can also help.
13. Drink ginger or cumin tea once a day.
14. Drinking water immediately after meals should be avoided.
15. Avoid Snacking throughout the day should be avoided. Eat only when hungry.
16.Sipping warm water during a meal will help in digestion and absorption of food.
17. Beneficial foods for GERD-
Barley, Wheat, Green grams, Old Red Rice, Boiled and cooled water, Honey, Sattu Flour, Bitter gourd, Old Ash gourd, Pointed gourd, Pomegranate, pipalli, tulsi,
elachi.
18. Daily Guided Practices: 11 minutes in the morning and in the evening, as anchors of your daily Ayurveda routine.

14. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM -PCOS.
A condition in which the ovaries produce an abnormal amount of androgens, male sex hormones that are usually present in
women in small amounts.

15. •Diet, Lifestyle and Exercise/Yoga.
1.Diet and lifestyle modifications helps in patients with PCOS for weight loss, BGL control, testosterone levels, reduction of
hirsutism and a return of ovulatory cycles. A moderate amount of daily exercise 30-45 minutes of daily, calorie deficit diet
500-1500 calorie/day.
2.Ayurveda advices to choose low G.I foods such as Barley, cauliflower, tomatoes, onions, peaches, apples, and grapefruit.
3.Food timings must be fixed.
4.Avoid all forms of refined sugar, flours.
5.Salt restriction is another major aspect. Use of natural salt like Saindhav (Himalayan Crystal Salt) gives more benefit.
6.Avoid sleeping after lunch or during daytime.
7.Dinner should comprise of light foods.
8.Avoid late night exposure to artificial lights.
9.Herbal Food-Punarnava, Bilva, Garlic, Castor oil, Aloevera, Dronapushpi.
10.Some effective asanas & pranayamfor PCOS-
Sarvangasana, Ardhahalasana,Padmasana, SuryaNamaskara, Shalbhasana, Kapalbhati, Anulom:vilom, Bhramri,etc.

17. URINARY SYSTEM -UTI.
An infection in any part of the urinary system, the kidneys, bladder or urethra.

18. Diet Guidelines for UTI
▪Drink plenty of fluids.
▪Refrain from cold drinks.
▪Drink cranberry juice.
▪Avoid alcohol and caffeine.
▪Embrace herbs such as coriander, cinnamon, turmeric in your food.
▪Avoid meat (especially seafood), excess salt, and astringent materials.
Lifestyle Changes for UTI
▪Wear loose and comfortable clothes, especially underwear.
▪Urinate before and after sexual activity and properly maintain hygiene in your genital area.
▪Do not hold your pee, pat dry after urination with clean towel.
▪Practice yoga and meditation.
▪Restrict exposure to extreme heat and sun.
▪Use Kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic muscles.
▪Apply heat in the pelvic area to reduce pain.
Some Herbal Remedies For UTI
▪Shilajit(Mineral Pitch, Asphaltum) ,Gokshura(Tribulus Terrestris), Punarnava(BoerrhaviaDiffusa),
Guduchi(TinosporaCordifolia), Chandan(Santalum Album), Varuna(CrataevaNurvula).

19. • Yoga Poses for UTI

20. ??????THANK YOU??????