PCOD Details - A guide to learn more about PCOD

Details of PCOD

1. PCOD
Polycystic ovarian
disease

2. WHAT IS PCOD?
Also called PCOD are polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) or
Stein Leventhal Syndrome
Patients suffering from polycystic ovarian disease(PCOD)
have multiple small cysts in their ovaries.
These cysts occur when the regular changes of a normal
menstrual cycle are disrupted.
The ovary is enlarged and produces excessive amounts of
androgen and estrogenic hormones.

3. PCOD

4. Causes of pcod?
Don’t really understand what causes PCOD,though we do know
that it has a significant hereditary component
Often transmitted from mothers to daughters
Characteristic polycystic ovary emerges when a state of
anovulation persists for a length of time
Patients with PCOD have persistently elevated levels of
androgen and estrogen which set up a vicious cycle.
Obesity can aggravate PCOD because fatty tissue are
hormonally active
They produce estrogen which disrupts ovulation.

5. Causes of PCOD?
Overactive adrenal gland can also produce excess androgens
and these may also contribute to PCOD
These women also have insulin resistance (high levels of insulin in
their blood because their cells do not respond normally to insulin
LH
LH release (but ovarian
without a surge) initiating event? androgen
frequency of GnRH estrogen
Pulse

7. symptoms of pcod?
Irregular menses
Excess androgen levels (male hormone)
Weight management difficulties including weight gain or
difficulty losing weight
Excess of body and facial hairgrowth known as hirsutism
Sleep apnea
High cholesterol level
High blood pressure
Skin tags
Infertility

9. More symptoms of pcod!
Fatigue
Male pattern balding
Insulin resistance
Type 2 diabetes
Pelvic pain
Depression and anxiety
Decreased libido

10. Diagnosis
Can be easily diagnosed in some patients
Typical medical history is that of irregular menstrual
cycle,which are unpridictable and can be very heavy
and the need to take hormonal tablets (progestins) to
induce a periods
Not all patients with PCOD will have all or any of these
symptoms
Diagnosis can be confirmed by
Vaginal utlrasound
Blood test
Elevated level of androgen

11. Occult pcod?
Thin irregular periods no hirsuitism & normal looking
ovaries on ultrasound but still have PCOD
This problems is detected only by when these patients
are superovulated,at which producing a large number
of follicles
Interestingly many of these patients present with
recurrent pregnancy loss |(recurrent miscarriage)
Often their doctors does not make the correct
diagnosis for them

12. Treatment of pcod’s?
Weightloss
Ovulation induction
Surgery
IVF