pCOS.pptx

nursing

1. MITTAL COLLEGE OF NURSING AJMER Presentation on TOPIC:- POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME Submitted To :- Mrs. Snehlata Parashar (lecturer OBG) Submitted By :- Miss Muskan Mathur B.Sc. nursing 4 th yr)

2. Introduction Definition Epidemiology Types Risk factors and causes Pathophysiology Clinical features Diagnostic evalution Management polycystic ovarian syndrome 2 Contents…….

3. Polycystic ovarian syndrome { PCOD } is a complex endocrine disorder associated with long term anovulation and an excess of androgen circulation in blood. In PCOS women ʹ s sex hormones are out of balance which leads to the growth of ovarian cysts. First described in 1935 by american gynaecologist Irving F Stein and Michael L Leventhal . polycystic ovarian syndrome 3 Introducton

4. The PCOS is formation of cysts in the ovaries or dysfunction of ovaries along with cardinal features of LH hyper-secretion, ovarian hyper- androgenism , hyper- insulinemia , reduced fertility. polycystic ovarian syndrome 4 Definition

5. In this condition both the ovaries have multiple small cysts with thickened tunica albuginea and hyperplasia of the theca cell. The cyst is usually 5-10mm and total size of the ovary may be three times that of normal size. There is thickening of the ovarian stroma . There is no dominant follicle. The patients usually present when they are young but disease can be seen at anytime the during the childbearing age. polycystic ovarian syndrome 5 Cont…..

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7. The most common endocrine disorder in reproductive age 4~20% of women in worldwide. A statistical report by frutterweit 50~70% are unaware. In 2021 today prevalence rate 22.5% or every one woman in five suffers from PCOS in india due to obese. polycystic ovarian syndrome 7 Epidemiology

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10. polycystic ovarian syndrome 10 Types of pcos

11. it happens when the immune system tries to protect against foreign body but when it become overreacted create such condition. It is due to inflammation,ovulation is prevented, hormones get imbalanced and androgen produced. It can caused by stress. Long term chronic inflammation Irritable bowel syndrome Unexplained fatigue Headache Join pain Skin condition Food sensitivities polycystic ovarian syndrome 11 Inflammatory PCOS

12. This type is the second most common PCOS. It gets developed due to the birth control pills which suppress ovulation. Temporary surge of androgens Ovulation suppression LH incresed polycystic ovarian syndrome 12 Post pill PCOS:

13. This is most common type of PCOS. It caused by smoking pollution and trans fat. It affect up to 70% of all pcos . In this your cell not recognise that insulin exists in the body,causing insulin rise over time and cause the following: Irregular periods Excess weight Hormonal acne Hirsutism polycystic ovarian syndrome 13 Insulin resistant PCOS:

14. This type of PCOS is due to an abnormal stress response and affects around 10% of those diagnosed. This caused by excessive androgen by ovary. some symptoms of inflammatory PCOS tests will show elevated dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEAS) normal levels of testosterone.   polycystic ovarian syndrome 14 Adrenal PCOS:

15. - unknown - irregular periods - low level of progesterone - genetic factor - increased insulin resistance - bad dietary choice - liver dysfunction - stress & genetic mutation in autosomal chromosomes - obesity - hypothyroidism - excessive androgen - imbalance LH & FSH - diabetes - HTN polycystic ovarian syndrome 15 Causes & risk factor

16. polycystic ovarian syndrome 16 Pathophysiology

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18. Increasing obesity, especially central obesity. Menstrual abnormalities in the form of oligomenorrhea , amenorrhea, or dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Infertility Hirsutism (hair growth on womanʹs face) Acne Weight gain Dark patches of skin pelvic pain fatigue depression increased Blood Pressure polycystic ovarian syndrome 18 Clinical features :

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20. Biochemical tests: FSH LH Testosterone Thyroid function test Sugar test Lipid profie Cortisol polycystic ovarian syndrome 20 Diagnostic evaluation

21. 2. Radiological test Ultrasound scan CT Scan MRI Scan 3. Histology Endometrial biopsy polycystic ovarian syndrome 21

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23. No universal treatment for PCOS is available. Conservative treatment ; Mild hyperandrogenism Encourage weight loss Diet modification Exercise Screening for dyslipidemia and DM polycystic ovarian syndrome 23 Management

24. Lower insulin levels Restore regular menstruation Restore fertility Treat hirsutism or acne Prevent endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer polycystic ovarian syndrome 24

25. Anti-diabetic medication ; example metformin 500mg twice a day . Oral contraceptive ; example cyprotoerone acetate Help in ovulate: example clomiphene citrate Hormone : example gonadotropins Hair growth inhibitor ; Eflornithine Fertility treatment ; example LH FSH polycystic ovarian syndrome 25 Medical management

26. Surgical management : Laparoscopic ovarian drilling by laser Cyst aspiration Oophorectomy polycystic ovarian syndrome 26

27. The possible long term complication of polycystic ovaries are as follows: Insulin resistance leads to impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes and obesity. Dyslipidaemia Devlopment of cancer polycystic ovarian syndrome 27 Complications;

28. Fertility counseling Contraception Treatment of hyperandrogenic symptoms Lifestyle plan and support Monitoring and screening Nutritional counseling Psychological and behavioral support polycystic ovarian syndrome 28 Role of nurse & health education

29. Rashid & yousaf latif khan textbook of gynaecology CBS Publisher tumours of the ovary 214 215 Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pmc /articles/PMC626641 Indraivf.com www.wikipedia.com www.verywellhealth.com ReseachGate.net polycystic ovarian syndrome 29 bibliography

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