Pearlmillet -blast and finger millet.ppt

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1. Cumbu / Pearl Millet

2. Leaf blast –Pyricularia setariae
Symptoms
Diamond shaped to circular
spots up to 1 cm long with
dark brown margin and light
coloured centre occurs
Spots are surrounded by
chlorotic yellow haloes

3. Southern blight –
Sclerotium rolfsii

4. Phyllosticta leaf blight –Phyllosticta penicilliariae
Minor diseases
Top rot or Twisted top or Pokah Boeng –Fusarium moniliforme
Zonate leaf spot –Gloeocercospora sorghi

5. Finger Millet

6. Stem rust on Barley crop
Blast –Pyricularia grisea
Symptoms
Spindle shaped spots –drying of foliage –breaking of midrib due to
infection –node, earhead stalk and spikes are also infected –chaffy
grains or shrivelled grains
Pathogen:As in rice blast
Management
Spray Edifenphos 500 ml or Carbendazim 250 g or IBP 500 ml/ha.
Foliar spray with Aureofungin sol 100 ppm at 50% earhead emergence
followed by a second spray with Mancozeb 1000g/ha 10 days later.

8. Seedling blight –Helminthosporium nodulosum
Symptoms
All parts are infected (roots, base of the plant, culm, leaf sheath, leaf
blade, neck of the panicle, fingers –spike)
Oval, light brown spots appear on leaf blade and sheath
Root rot and foot rot (base of the stem) –death of plant
Neck, spike and grains are also affected
Pathogen
Conidia formed singly, thick walled, straight or curved, 3-10 septate
Mode of spread –seed and stubbles in the field , wind borne conidia
Management :Seed treatment with captan or thiram 4 g /kg
Spraying of mancozeb 1 kg/ha

9. Green ear /Downy mildew
Sclerophthora macrospora
Symptoms
•Chlorosisofleavesbeginningatbaseoftheinfectedleaf
beginninglowerdownontheplantandprogressingupwards
•Downywhitetograyfungalgrowthonundersidesofleaves
•Brown,necroticleaves;distinctmarginbetweendiseased
leaftissueatbaseofleafandhealthytissuetowardstip
Pathogen
Systemic infection
Fungus produces sporangia and sporangiospores
Survival as oospores in soil and seed and other host crops

10. Smut –Melanopsichium eleusinis
Symptoms
Attacks only few grains in an earhead
Individual grains are transformed into enlarged , globose sacs,
greenish at first and later turn to dirty black
Fungusconfined to spikelets and produces chlamydospores
Spores are globose with rough, spiny or pitted spore wall
Survival and spread
Chlamydospores in soil and air-borne spores
Other diseases
Foot rot or wilt –Sclerotium rolfsii

11. Mosaic –Virus (Potyvirus)
Symptoms
Chlorosis, mosaic mottling and stunting of plant –plant becomes pale, dwarfed and
sterile –rarely flower and sometime chaffyness of grains
Transmission
Aphid –Aphis gossypii, A. maydis, Rhopalosiphum maydis, M. persicae
Mottle streak and streak –Virus (Nucleo rhabdovirus)
Symptoms
Stunted plant –linear parellel chlorotic streak to the midrib which are continuous in
streak disease whereas discontinuous streak in mottle streak (intermittant short
streak) –reduced tillering and grain formation
Transmission
Leaf hopper -Cicadulina bipunctella and C. chinai